R help - Oct 2007 - library(car): Anova and repeated measures without between subjects factors

Hi,

sorry if this is explained somewhere but I didn't find anything.

How can I use "Anova" from the car package to test a modell without
between subject's factors? Suppose I have the following data

   mat.1 mat.2 mat.3 di ex
1     85    85    88  1  1
2     90    92    93  1  1
3     97    97    94  1  1
4     80    82    83  1  1
5     91    92    91  1  1
6     83    83    84  2  1
7     87    88    90  2  1
8     92    94    95  2  1
9     97    99    96  2  1
10   100    97   100  2  1
11    86    86    84  1  2
12    93   103   104  1  2
13    90    92    93  1  2
14    95    96   100  1  2
15    89    96    95  1  2
16    84    86    89  2  2
17   103   109    90  2  2
18    92    96   101  2  2
19    97    98   100  2  2
20   102   104   103  2  2
21    93    98   110  1  3
22    98   104   112  1  3
23    98   105    99  1  3
24    87   132   120  1  3
25    94   110   116  1  3
26    95   126   143  2  3
27   100   126   140  2  3
28   103   124   140  2  3 
29    94   135   130  2  3
30    99   111   150  2  3

Using
>
Anova(lm(mat~di*ex,data=data),idata=data.frame(zeit=ordered(1:3)),idesign=~zeit)
Type II Repeated Measures MANOVA Tests: Pillai test statistic
           Df test stat approx F num Df den Df    Pr(>F)    
di          1     0.377   14.524      1     24 0.0008483 ***
ex          2     0.800   47.915      2     24 4.166e-09 ***
di:ex       2     0.281    4.695      2     24 0.0190230 *  
zeit        1     0.782   41.209      2     23 2.491e-08 ***
di:zeit     1     0.252    3.865      2     23 0.0357258 *  
ex:zeit     2     0.836    8.611      4     48 2.538e-05 ***
di:ex:zeit  2     0.518    4.189      4     48 0.0054586 ** 
---
Signif. codes:  0 ?***? 0.001 ?**? 0.01 ?*? 0.05 ?.? 0.1 ? ? 1 

works as expected. But every once in a while I have a model without
between subject's factors. So I thought of
> Anova(lm(mat~1,data=data),idata=data.frame(zeit=factor(1:3)),idesign=~zeit)
Fehler in L %*% B : nicht passende Argumente

(Error in L %*% B : non matching arguments)

On the other hand using anova.mlm I get
>
anova.mlm(lm(mat~1,data),idata=data.frame(zeit=factor(1:3)),X=~1,test="Spherical")
Analysis of Variance Table


Contrasts orthogonal to
~1

Greenhouse-Geisser epsilon: 0.7464
Huynh-Feldt epsilon:        0.7777

            Df      F num Df den Df     Pr(>F)     G-G Pr     H-F Pr
(Intercept)  1 11.767      2     58 5.1375e-05 3.1183e-04 2.4939e-04
Residuals   29                                                      


How can achieve this with Anova?


Thanks in advance,

Ralf

Dear Ralf,

Unfortunately, Anova.mlm(), and indeed Anova() more generally, won't
handle a model with only a constant. As you point out, this isn't
reasonable for repeated-measures ANOVA, where it should be possible to
have only within-subjects factors. When I have a chance, I'll see what
I can do to fix the problem -- my guess is that it shouldn't be too
hard.

Thanks for pointing out this limitation in Anova.mlm()

John

On Tue, 16 Oct 2007 17:20:07 +0200
 Ralf Goertz <R_Goertz at web.de> wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> sorry if this is explained somewhere but I didn't find anything.
> 
> How can I use "Anova" from the car package to test a modell
without
> between subject's factors? Suppose I have the following data
> 
>    mat.1 mat.2 mat.3 di ex
> 1     85    85    88  1  1
> 2     90    92    93  1  1
> 3     97    97    94  1  1
> 4     80    82    83  1  1
> 5     91    92    91  1  1
> 6     83    83    84  2  1
> 7     87    88    90  2  1
> 8     92    94    95  2  1
> 9     97    99    96  2  1
> 10   100    97   100  2  1
> 11    86    86    84  1  2
> 12    93   103   104  1  2
> 13    90    92    93  1  2
> 14    95    96   100  1  2
> 15    89    96    95  1  2
> 16    84    86    89  2  2
> 17   103   109    90  2  2
> 18    92    96   101  2  2
> 19    97    98   100  2  2
> 20   102   104   103  2  2
> 21    93    98   110  1  3
> 22    98   104   112  1  3
> 23    98   105    99  1  3
> 24    87   132   120  1  3
> 25    94   110   116  1  3
> 26    95   126   143  2  3
> 27   100   126   140  2  3
> 28   103   124   140  2  3 
> 29    94   135   130  2  3
> 30    99   111   150  2  3
> 
> Using
> 
> >
>
Anova(lm(mat~di*ex,data=data),idata=data.frame(zeit=ordered(1:3)),idesign=~zeit)
> 
> Type II Repeated Measures MANOVA Tests: Pillai test statistic
>            Df test stat approx F num Df den Df    Pr(>F)    
> di          1     0.377   14.524      1     24 0.0008483 ***
> ex          2     0.800   47.915      2     24 4.166e-09 ***
> di:ex       2     0.281    4.695      2     24 0.0190230 *  
> zeit        1     0.782   41.209      2     23 2.491e-08 ***
> di:zeit     1     0.252    3.865      2     23 0.0357258 *  
> ex:zeit     2     0.836    8.611      4     48 2.538e-05 ***
> di:ex:zeit  2     0.518    4.189      4     48 0.0054586 ** 
> ---
> Signif. codes:  0 ?***? 0.001 ?**? 0.01 ?*? 0.05 ?.? 0.1 ? ? 1 
> 
> works as expected. But every once in a while I have a model without
> between subject's factors. So I thought of
> 
> >
>
Anova(lm(mat~1,data=data),idata=data.frame(zeit=factor(1:3)),idesign=~zeit)
> Fehler in L %*% B : nicht passende Argumente
> 
> (Error in L %*% B : non matching arguments)
> 
> On the other hand using anova.mlm I get
> 
> >
>
anova.mlm(lm(mat~1,data),idata=data.frame(zeit=factor(1:3)),X=~1,test="Spherical")
> Analysis of Variance Table
> 
> 
> Contrasts orthogonal to
> ~1
> 
> Greenhouse-Geisser epsilon: 0.7464
> Huynh-Feldt epsilon:        0.7777
> 
>             Df      F num Df den Df     Pr(>F)     G-G Pr     H-F Pr
> (Intercept)  1 11.767      2     58 5.1375e-05 3.1183e-04 2.4939e-04
> Residuals   29                                                      
> 
> 
> How can achieve this with Anova?
> 
> 
> Thanks in advance,
> 
> Ralf
> 
> ______________________________________________
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--------------------------------
John Fox, Professor
Department of Sociology
McMaster University
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
http://socserv.mcmaster.ca/jfox/