Hi R sages, Here is my latest problem. Consider the following toy example: x <- read.table(textConnection("y1 y2 y3 x1 x2 indv.1 bagels donuts bagels 4 6 indv.2 donuts donuts donuts 5 1 indv.3 donuts donuts donuts 1 10 indv.4 donuts donuts donuts 10 9 indv.5 bagels donuts bagels 0 2 indv.6 bagels donuts bagels 2 9 indv.7 bagels donuts bagels 8 5 indv.8 bagels donuts bagels 4 1 indv.9 donuts donuts donuts 3 3 indv.10 bagels donuts bagels 5 9 indv.11 bagels donuts bagels 9 10 indv.12 bagels donuts bagels 3 1 indv.13 donuts donuts donuts 7 10 indv.14 bagels donuts bagels 2 10 indv.15 bagels donuts bagels 9 6"), header = TRUE) I want to fit a logistic regression of y1 on x1 and x2. Then I want to run a logistic regression of y2 on x1 and x2. Then I want to run a logistic regression of y3 on x1 and x2. In reality I have many more Y columns than simply "y1," "y2," and "y3," so I must design a loop. Notice that y2 is invariant and thus it will fail. In reality, some y columns will fail for much more subtle reasons. Simply screening my data to eliminate invariant columns will not eliminate the problem. What I want to do is output a piece of the results from each run of the loop to a matrix. I want the to try each of my y columns, and not give up and stop running simply because a particular y column is bad. I want it to give me "NA" or something similar in my results matrix for the bad y columns, but I want it to keep going give me good data for the good y columns. For instance: results <- matrix(nrow = 1, ncol = 3) colnames(results) <- c("y1", "y2", "y3") for (i in 1:2) { mod.poly3 <- lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x) results[1,i] <- anova(mod.poly3)[1,3] } If I run this code, it gives up when fitting y2 because the y2 is bad. It doesn't even try to fit y3. Here's what my console shows:> resultsy1 y2 y3 [1,] 0.6976063 NA NA As you can see, it gave up before fitting y3, which would have worked. How do I force my code to keep going through the loop, despite the rotten apples it encounters along the way? Exact code that gets the job done is what I am interested in. I am a post-doc -- I am not taking any classes. I promise this is not a homework assignment! Thanks in advance, ----------------------------------- Josh Banta, Ph.D Center for Genomics and Systems Biology New York University 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003 Tel: (212) 998-8465 http://plantevolutionaryecology.org [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
David Winsemius
2010-Jul-13 00:09 UTC
[R] Continuing on with a loop when there's a failure
On Jul 12, 2010, at 6:18 PM, Josh B wrote:> Hi R sages, > > Here is my latest problem. Consider the following toy example: > > x <- read.table(textConnection("y1 y2 y3 x1 x2 > indv.1 bagels donuts bagels 4 6 > indv.2 donuts donuts donuts 5 1 > indv.3 donuts donuts donuts 1 10 > indv.4 donuts donuts donuts 10 9 > indv.5 bagels donuts bagels 0 2 > indv.6 bagels donuts bagels 2 9 > indv.7 bagels donuts bagels 8 5 > indv.8 bagels donuts bagels 4 1 > indv.9 donuts donuts donuts 3 3 > indv.10 bagels donuts bagels 5 9 > indv.11 bagels donuts bagels 9 10 > indv.12 bagels donuts bagels 3 1 > indv.13 donuts donuts donuts 7 10 > indv.14 bagels donuts bagels 2 10 > indv.15 bagels donuts bagels 9 6"), header = TRUE) > > I want to fit a logistic regression of y1 on x1 and x2. Then I want > to run a > logistic regression of y2 on x1 and x2. Then I want to run a > logistic regression > of y3 on x1 and x2. In reality I have many more Y columns than > simply "y1," > "y2," and "y3," so I must design a loop. Notice that y2 is invariant > and thus it > will fail. In reality, some y columns will fail for much more subtle > reasons. > Simply screening my data to eliminate invariant columns will not > eliminate the > problem. > > What I want to do is output a piece of the results from each run of > the loop to > a matrix. I want the to try each of my y columns, and not give up > and stop > running simply because a particular y column is bad. I want it to > give me "NA" > or something similar in my results matrix for the bad y columns, but > I want it > to keep going give me good data for the good y columns. > > For instance: > results <- matrix(nrow = 1, ncol = 3) > colnames(results) <- c("y1", "y2", "y3") > > for (i in 1:2) { > mod.poly3 <- lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x) > results[1,i] <- anova(mod.poly3)[1,3] > } > > If I run this code, it gives up when fitting y2 because the y2 is > bad. It > doesn't even try to fit y3. Here's what my console shows: > >> results > y1 y2 y3 > [1,] 0.6976063 NA NA > > As you can see, it gave up before fitting y3, which would have worked. > > How do I force my code to keep going through the loop, despite the > rotten apples > it encounters along the way??try http://cran.r-project.org/doc/FAQ/R-FAQ.html#How-can-I-capture-or-ignore-errors-in-a-long-simulation_003f (Doesn't only apply to simulations.)> Exact code that gets the job done is what I am > interested in. I am a post-doc -- I am not taking any classes. I > promise this is > not a homework assignment!-- David Winsemius, MD West Hartford, CT
Hello Peter, I tried your suggestion, but I was still not able to get it to work. Would you mind looking at my code again? Here's what I'm trying: x <- read.table(textConnection("y1 y2 y3 x1 x2 indv.1 bagels donuts bagels 4 6 indv.2 donuts donuts donuts 5 1 indv.3 donuts donuts donuts 1 10 indv.4 donuts donuts donuts 10 9 indv.5 bagels donuts bagels 0 2 indv.6 bagels donuts bagels 2 9 indv.7 bagels donuts bagels 8 5 indv.8 bagels donuts bagels 4 1 indv.9 donuts donuts donuts 3 3 indv.10 bagels donuts bagels 5 9 indv.11 bagels donuts bagels 9 10 indv.12 bagels donuts bagels 3 1 indv.13 donuts donuts donuts 7 10 indv.14 bagels donuts bagels 2 10 indv.15 bagels donuts bagels 9 6"), header = TRUE) results <- matrix(nrow = 1, ncol = 3) colnames(results) <- c("y1", "y2", "y3") for (i in 1:2) { mod.poly3 <- try(lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x)) if(class(mod.poly3) == 'try-error') {results[1,i] <- NA} else {mod.poly3 <- lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x) results[1,i] <- anova(mod.poly3)[1,3] } } ...and here's the output:> resultsy1 y2 y3 [1,] NA NA NA The results matrix is empty! ________________________________ From: Peter Konings <peter.l.e.konings@gmail.com> Sent: Tue, July 13, 2010 5:45:17 PM Subject: Re: [R] Continuing on with a loop when there's a failure Hi Josh, Test the class of the resulting object. If it is 'try-error' fill your result with NA or do some other error handling. result <- try(somemodel) if(class(result) == 'try-error') { # some error handling } else { # whatever happens if the result is ok } HTH Peter. In my opinion the try and tryCatch commands are written and documented rather>poorly. Thus I am not sure what to program exactly. > >For instance, I could query mod.poly3 and use an if/then statement to proceed, >but querying mod.poly3 is weird. For instance, here's the output when it fails: > >> mod.poly3 <- try(lrm(x[,2] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x)) > >Error in fitter(X, Y, penalty.matrix = penalty.matrix, tol = tol, weights >weights, : > > NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 1) >> mod.poly3 >[1] "Error in fitter(X, Y, penalty.matrix = penalty.matrix, tol = tol, weights >weights, : \n NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 1)\n" >attr(,"class") >[1] "try-error" > >...and here's the output when it succeeds: >> mod.poly3 <- try(lrm(x[,1] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x)) >> mod.poly3 > >Logistic Regression Model > >lrm(formula = x[, 1] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data = x) > > >Frequencies of Responses >bagels donuts > 10 5 > > Obs Max Deriv Model L.R. d.f. P C > 15 4e-04 3.37 6 0.7616 0.76 > Dxy Gamma Tau-a R2 Brier g > 0.52 0.52 0.248 0.279 0.183 1.411 > gr gp > 4.1 0.261 > > Coef S.E. Wald Z P >Intercept -5.68583 5.23295 -1.09 0.2772 >x1 1.87020 2.14635 0.87 0.3836 >x1^2 -0.42494 0.48286 -0.88 0.3788 >x1^3 0.02845 0.03120 0.91 0.3618 >x2 3.49560 3.54796 0.99 0.3245 >x2^2 -0.94888 0.82067 -1.16 0.2476 >x2^3 0.06362 0.05098 1.25 0.2121 > >...so what exactly would I query to design my if/then statement? > > > > >________________________________ > >From: David Winsemius <dwinsemius@comcast.net> >To: David Winsemius <dwinsemius@comcast.net> > >Sent: Tue, July 13, 2010 9:09:04 AM > >Subject: Re: [R] Continuing on with a loop when there's a failure > > > >On Jul 13, 2010, at 9:04 AM, David Winsemius wrote: > >> >> On Jul 13, 2010, at 8:47 AM, Josh B wrote: >> >>> Thanks again, David. >>> >[[elided Yahoo spam]] > > >(BTW, it did work.) > >>> Here's what I'm trying now: >>> >>> for (i in 1:2) { >>> mod.poly3 <- try(lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x)) >>> results[1,i] <- anova(mod.poly3)[1,3] >>> } >> >> You need to do some programming. > >(Or I suppose you could wrap both the lrm and the anova calls in try.) > >> You did not get an error from the lrm but rather from the anova call because >>you tried to give the results of the try function to anova without first >>checking to see if an error had occurred. >> >> --David. >>> >>> Here's what happens (from the console): >>> >>> Error in fitter(X, Y, penalty.matrix = penalty.matrix, tol = tol, weights >>>weights, : >>> NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 1) >>> Error in UseMethod("anova") : >>> no applicable method for 'anova' applied to an object of class "try-error" >>> >>> ...so I still can't make my results matrix. Could I ask you for somespecific>>>code to make this work? I'm not that familiar with the syntax for try or >>>tryCatch, and the help files for them are pretty bad, in my humble opinion. >>> >>> I should clarify that I actually don't care about the failed runs per se. I >>>just want R to keep going in spite of them and give me my results matrix. >>> >>> From: David Winsemius <dwinsemius@comcast.net> > > >>> Cc: R Help <r-help@r-project.org> >>> Sent: Mon, July 12, 2010 8:09:03 PM >>> Subject: Re: [R] Continuing on with a loop when there's a failure >>> >>> >>> On Jul 12, 2010, at 6:18 PM, Josh B wrote: >>> >>> > Hi R sages, >>> > >>> > Here is my latest problem. Consider the following toy example: >>> > >>> > x <- read.table(textConnection("y1 y2 y3 x1 x2 >>> > indv.1 bagels donuts bagels 4 6 >>> > indv.2 donuts donuts donuts 5 1 >>> > indv.3 donuts donuts donuts 1 10 >>> > indv.4 donuts donuts donuts 10 9 >>> > indv.5 bagels donuts bagels 0 2 >>> > indv.6 bagels donuts bagels 2 9 >>> > indv.7 bagels donuts bagels 8 5 >>> > indv.8 bagels donuts bagels 4 1 >>> > indv.9 donuts donuts donuts 3 3 >>> > indv.10 bagels donuts bagels 5 9 >>> > indv.11 bagels donuts bagels 9 10 >>> > indv.12 bagels donuts bagels 3 1 >>> > indv.13 donuts donuts donuts 7 10 >>> > indv.14 bagels donuts bagels 2 10 >>> > indv.15 bagels donuts bagels 9 6"), header = TRUE) >>> > >>> > I want to fit a logistic regression of y1 on x1 and x2. Then I want to run >a >>> > logistic regression of y2 on x1 and x2. Then I want to run a logistic >>>regression >>> > of y3 on x1 and x2. In reality I have many more Y columns than simply"y1,">>> > "y2," and "y3," so I must design a loop. Notice that y2 is invariant and >>thus >>>it >>> > will fail. In reality, some y columns will fail for much more subtle >>reasons. >>> > Simply screening my data to eliminate invariant columns will not eliminate >>>the >>> > problem. >>> > >>> > What I want to do is output a piece of the results from each run of the >loop >>>to >>> > a matrix. I want the to try each of my y columns, and not give up and stop >>> > running simply because a particular y column is bad. I want it to give me >>>"NA" >>> > or something similar in my results matrix for the bad y columns, but Iwant>>>it >>> > to keep going give me good data for the good y columns. >>> > >>> > For instance: >>> > results <- matrix(nrow = 1, ncol = 3) >>> > colnames(results) <- c("y1", "y2", "y3") >>> > >>> > for (i in 1:2) { >>> > mod.poly3 <- lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x) >>> > results[1,i] <- anova(mod.poly3)[1,3] >>> > } >>> > >>> > If I run this code, it gives up when fitting y2 because the y2 is bad. It >>> > doesn't even try to fit y3. Here's what my console shows: >>> > >>> >> results >>> > y1 y2 y3 >>> > [1,] 0.6976063 NA NA >>> > >>> > As you can see, it gave up before fitting y3, which would have worked. >>> > >>> > How do I force my code to keep going through the loop, despite the rotten >>>apples >>> > it encounters along the way? >>> >>> ?try >>> >>>http://cran.r-project.org/doc/FAQ/R-FAQ.html#How-can-I-capture-or-ignore-errors-in-a-long-simulation_003f >>> >>>f >>> >>> (Doesn't only apply to simulations.) >>> >>> > Exact code that gets the job done is what I am >>> > interested in. I am a post-doc -- I am not taking any classes. I promise >>this >>>is >[[elided Yahoo spam]] > >>> >>> -- >>> David Winsemius, MD >>> West Hartford, CT >>> >>> >>> >> >> David Winsemius, MD >> West Hartford, CT >> >> ______________________________________________ >> R-help@r-project.org mailing list >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help >> PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html >> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. > >David Winsemius, MD >West Hartford, CT > > > >[[alternative HTML version deleted]]> > >______________________________________________ >R-help@r-project.org mailing list >https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help >PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html >and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. >[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
Oops, forgot to add the line: library(Design) #the lrm function is in the Design library ...but even when I load the Design library, the loop still doesn't work. It stops after failing on the second run of the loop:> resultsy1 y2 y3 [1,] 0.6976063 NA NA (The third run through the loop should have succeeded and left numeric output in the matrix called "results", but it did not). ________________________________ To: Peter Konings <peter.l.e.konings@gmail.com> Cc: R Help <r-help@r-project.org> Sent: Sun, July 18, 2010 12:25:42 PM Subject: Re: [R] Continuing on with a loop when there's a failure Hello Peter, I tried your suggestion, but I was still not able to get it to work. Would you mind looking at my code again? Here's what I'm trying: x <- read.table(textConnection("y1 y2 y3 x1 x2 indv.1 bagels donuts bagels 4 6 indv.2 donuts donuts donuts 5 1 indv.3 donuts donuts donuts 1 10 indv.4 donuts donuts donuts 10 9 indv.5 bagels donuts bagels 0 2 indv.6 bagels donuts bagels 2 9 indv.7 bagels donuts bagels 8 5 indv.8 bagels donuts bagels 4 1 indv.9 donuts donuts donuts 3 3 indv.10 bagels donuts bagels 5 9 indv.11 bagels donuts bagels 9 10 indv.12 bagels donuts bagels 3 1 indv.13 donuts donuts donuts 7 10 indv.14 bagels donuts bagels 2 10 indv.15 bagels donuts bagels 9 6"), header = TRUE) results <- matrix(nrow = 1, ncol = 3) colnames(results) <- c("y1", "y2", "y3") for (i in 1:2) { mod.poly3 <- try(lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x)) if(class(mod.poly3) == 'try-error') {results[1,i] <- NA} else {mod.poly3 <- lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x) results[1,i] <- anova(mod.poly3)[1,3] } } ...and here's the output:> resultsy1 y2 y3 [1,] NA NA NA [[elided Yahoo spam]] ________________________________ From: Peter Konings <peter.l.e.konings@gmail.com> Sent: Tue, July 13, 2010 5:45:17 PM Subject: Re: [R] Continuing on with a loop when there's a failure Hi Josh, Test the class of the resulting object. If it is 'try-error' fill your result with NA or do some other error handling. result <- try(somemodel) if(class(result) == 'try-error') { # some error handling } else { # whatever happens if the result is ok } HTH Peter. In my opinion the try and tryCatch commands are written and documented rather>poorly. Thus I am not sure what to program exactly. > >For instance, I could query mod.poly3 and use an if/then statement to proceed, >but querying mod.poly3 is weird. For instance, here's the output when it fails: > >> mod.poly3 <- try(lrm(x[,2] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x)) > >Error in fitter(X, Y, penalty.matrix = penalty.matrix, tol = tol, weights >weights, : > > NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 1) >> mod.poly3 >[1] "Error in fitter(X, Y, penalty.matrix = penalty.matrix, tol = tol, weights >weights, : \n NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 1)\n" >attr(,"class") >[1] "try-error" > >...and here's the output when it succeeds: >> mod.poly3 <- try(lrm(x[,1] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x)) >> mod.poly3 > >Logistic Regression Model > >lrm(formula = x[, 1] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data = x) > > >Frequencies of Responses >bagels donuts > 10 5 > > Obs Max Deriv Model L.R. d.f. P C > 15 4e-04 3.37 6 0.7616 0.76 > Dxy Gamma Tau-a R2 Brier g > 0.52 0.52 0.248 0.279 0.183 1.411 > gr gp > 4.1 0.261 > > Coef S.E. Wald Z P >Intercept -5.68583 5.23295 -1.09 0.2772 >x1 1.87020 2.14635 0.87 0.3836 >x1^2 -0.42494 0.48286 -0.88 0.3788 >x1^3 0.02845 0.03120 0.91 0.3618 >x2 3.49560 3.54796 0.99 0.3245 >x2^2 -0.94888 0.82067 -1.16 0.2476 >x2^3 0.06362 0.05098 1.25 0.2121 > >...so what exactly would I query to design my if/then statement? > > > > >________________________________ > >From: David Winsemius <dwinsemius@comcast.net> >To: David Winsemius <dwinsemius@comcast.net> > >Sent: Tue, July 13, 2010 9:09:04 AM > >Subject: Re: [R] Continuing on with a loop when there's a failure > > > >On Jul 13, 2010, at 9:04 AM, David Winsemius wrote: > >> >> On Jul 13, 2010, at 8:47 AM, Josh B wrote: >> >>> Thanks again, David. >>> >[[elided Yahoo spam]] > > >(BTW, it did work.) > >>> Here's what I'm trying now: >>> >>> for (i in 1:2) { >>> mod.poly3 <- try(lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x)) >>> results[1,i] <- anova(mod.poly3)[1,3] >>> } >> >> You need to do some programming. > >(Or I suppose you could wrap both the lrm and the anova calls in try.) > >> You did not get an error from the lrm but rather from the anova call because >>you tried to give the results of the try function to anova without first >>checking to see if an error had occurred. >> >> --David. >>> >>> Here's what happens (from the console): >>> >>> Error in fitter(X, Y, penalty.matrix = penalty.matrix, tol = tol, weights >>>weights, : >>> NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 1) >>> Error in UseMethod("anova") : >>> no applicable method for 'anova' applied to an object of class "try-error" >>> >>> ...so I still can't make my results matrix. Could I ask you for somespecific>>>code to make this work? I'm not that familiar with the syntax for try or >>>tryCatch, and the help files for them are pretty bad, in my humble opinion. >>> >>> I should clarify that I actually don't care about the failed runs per se. I >>>just want R to keep going in spite of them and give me my results matrix. >>> >>> From: David Winsemius <dwinsemius@comcast.net> > > >>> Cc: R Help <r-help@r-project.org> >>> Sent: Mon, July 12, 2010 8:09:03 PM >>> Subject: Re: [R] Continuing on with a loop when there's a failure >>> >>> >>> On Jul 12, 2010, at 6:18 PM, Josh B wrote: >>> >>> > Hi R sages, >>> > >>> > Here is my latest problem. Consider the following toy example: >>> > >>> > x <- read.table(textConnection("y1 y2 y3 x1 x2 >>> > indv.1 bagels donuts bagels 4 6 >>> > indv.2 donuts donuts donuts 5 1 >>> > indv.3 donuts donuts donuts 1 10 >>> > indv.4 donuts donuts donuts 10 9 >>> > indv.5 bagels donuts bagels 0 2 >>> > indv.6 bagels donuts bagels 2 9 >>> > indv.7 bagels donuts bagels 8 5 >>> > indv.8 bagels donuts bagels 4 1 >>> > indv.9 donuts donuts donuts 3 3 >>> > indv.10 bagels donuts bagels 5 9 >>> > indv.11 bagels donuts bagels 9 10 >>> > indv.12 bagels donuts bagels 3 1 >>> > indv.13 donuts donuts donuts 7 10 >>> > indv.14 bagels donuts bagels 2 10 >>> > indv.15 bagels donuts bagels 9 6"), header = TRUE) >>> > >>> > I want to fit a logistic regression of y1 on x1 and x2. Then I want to run >a >>> > logistic regression of y2 on x1 and x2. Then I want to run a logistic >>>regression >>> > of y3 on x1 and x2. In reality I have many more Y columns than simply"y1,">>> > "y2," and "y3," so I must design a loop. Notice that y2 is invariant and >>thus >>>it >>> > will fail. In reality, some y columns will fail for much more subtle >>reasons. >>> > Simply screening my data to eliminate invariant columns will not eliminate >>>the >>> > problem. >>> > >>> > What I want to do is output a piece of the results from each run of the >loop >>>to >>> > a matrix. I want the to try each of my y columns, and not give up and stop >>> > running simply because a particular y column is bad. I want it to give me >>>"NA" >>> > or something similar in my results matrix for the bad y columns, but Iwant>>>it >>> > to keep going give me good data for the good y columns. >>> > >>> > For instance: >>> > results <- matrix(nrow = 1, ncol = 3) >>> > colnames(results) <- c("y1", "y2", "y3") >>> > >>> > for (i in 1:2) { >>> > mod.poly3 <- lrm(x[,i] ~ pol(x1, 3) + pol(x2, 3), data=x) >>> > results[1,i] <- anova(mod.poly3)[1,3] >>> > } >>> > >>> > If I run this code, it gives up when fitting y2 because the y2 is bad. It >>> > doesn't even try to fit y3. Here's what my console shows: >>> > >>> >> results >>> > y1 y2 y3 >>> > [1,] 0.6976063 NA NA >>> > >>> > As you can see, it gave up before fitting y3, which would have worked. >>> > >>> > How do I force my code to keep going through the loop, despite the rotten >>>apples >>> > it encounters along the way? >>> >>> ?try >>> >>>http://cran.r-project.org/doc/FAQ/R-FAQ.html#How-can-I-capture-or-ignore-errors-in-a-long-simulation_003f >>> >>>f >>> >>> (Doesn't only apply to simulations.) >>> >>> > Exact code that gets the job done is what I am >>> > interested in. I am a post-doc -- I am not taking any classes. I promise >>this >>>is >[[elided Yahoo spam]] > >>> >>> -- >>> David Winsemius, MD >>> West Hartford, CT >>> >>> >>> >> >> David Winsemius, MD >> West Hartford, CT >> >> ______________________________________________ >> R-help@r-project.org mailing list >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help >> PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html >> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. > >David Winsemius, MD >West Hartford, CT > > > >[[alternative HTML version deleted]]> > >______________________________________________ >R-help@r-project.org mailing list >https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help >PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html >and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. >[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
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