Kevin Cheung
2012-Oct-01 16:19 UTC
[R] Error messages when attempting to calculate polychoric correlation matrices
Dear R users,
I am a psychology postgraduate student who is relatively new to using R. I am
currently developing a psychometric scale and have run into a few problems when
using R to calculate a polychoric correlation matrix for my dataset. I am trying
to produce a polychoric correlation matrix for calculating ordinal reliability
estimates (eg. Alpha, omega).The set consists of 439 observations of 18
variables. Each of the 18 variables was measured using a 6 point Likert scale
but some variables only feature responses across 5 ordinal steps because there
were no observed responses for one extreme of the item. The dataset has no
missing data following multiple imputation and preliminary analyses were
conducted using SPSS. I have included a command that will reproduce the dataset
below, apologies for the size of the command:
data.matrix18 <-
structure(list(SABAS02 = structure(c(6, 2, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 3,
5, 1, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 6, 5, 2, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4,
5, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5,
5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4,
6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 3, 4, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 2, 6, 5,
4, 6, 2, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 5,
5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5,
4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4,
5, 4, 6, 2, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 3, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5,
5, 6, 2, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3,
5, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6,
4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4,
5, 2, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3,
5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4,
3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5,
5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3,
5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 2, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5,
5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5,
5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4,
5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 2, 5, 4, 4, 6, 2, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4,
4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6,
5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 2, 5, 6), value.labels = structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS06 = structure(c(6,
6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6,
6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 3, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5,
6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6,
6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 3, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6,
5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 2, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6,
5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5,
5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5,
5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5,
6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6,
6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6,
6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 2, 6, 6,
5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5,
5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6,
5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6,
5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5,
5, 6, 6, 4, 3, 3, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 2, 5, 6,
5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6,
6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS09 = structure(c(5,
3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 2, 5, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 6,
5, 6, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 2, 2, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6,
5, 6, 4, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5,
5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 2, 4,
5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 3, 1, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5,
5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
5, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 3, 2, 5, 4, 5, 4,
3, 4, 2, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4,
4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 2, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 3, 5,
5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 2, 5, 3, 4, 4, 3, 5,
6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6,
5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 3, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 6, 5,
5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 2, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4,
3, 3, 5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 5, 3, 3, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5,
5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 5, 5, 4, 5,
5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4,
4, 5, 3, 5, 6, 1, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5,
5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 4, 4, 3, 2, 6, 5, 2, 4, 5, 6,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5,
6, 5, 5, 5, 3, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 3, 5, 6), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS10 = structure(c(6,
5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6,
5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5,
5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5,
4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 2, 2, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 3, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5,
5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 6, 3, 4,
5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 1, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5,
6, 6, 5, 5, 3, 4, 2, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4,
5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 3, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6,
4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5,
5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 1, 5,
4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5,
5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 1, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5,
5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5,
4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5,
5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, 3, 4, 4, 5, 1, 3, 3, 2, 5, 5, 5,
6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4,
4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4,
5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 3, 2, 5, 6,
5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 1, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6,
6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS12 = structure(c(6,
6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6,
4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6,
6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6,
5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6,
6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6,
6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5,
6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5,
5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6,
4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4,
5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6,
6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5,
6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 6, 6,
5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5,
4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 4, 6,
5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5,
6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4,
5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6,
6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6,
5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6,
5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS18 = structure(c(5,
3, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 1, 5, 3, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 4, 2, 6, 6,
2, 5, 4, 4, 4, 1, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, 3, 4, 1, 6, 4, 4,
3, 5, 5, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 2, 6,
6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 2, 6, 3, 3, 5, 3, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5,
5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, 4, 5, 1, 5, 6, 5, 5,
4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5,
6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 3, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, 4,
2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 4,
3, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4,
4, 4, 6, 3, 4, 5, 1, 4, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5,
4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 3, 5,
3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5,
5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 6, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6,
4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 1, 4, 3, 1, 6, 5, 5, 2, 4, 3, 4, 3, 5, 2, 6, 5,
3, 3, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 3, 4, 2, 5, 3, 1, 5, 4, 6,
4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, 1, 6, 5, 6, 1, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5,
5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 2, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 5, 2,
4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 2, 5,
1, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 1, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 1,
4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 6, 5, 5, 3, 6, 6), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS26 = structure(c(4,
2, 6, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 1, 2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 2, 3, 4, 6,
5, 4, 5, 3, 3, 2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 2, 4, 1, 4, 3, 2, 2, 5, 3, 4, 2,
2, 2, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 3, 4, 6, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 2, 4, 4, 2, 2, 5,
2, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 2, 4, 4, 4, 6, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 2, 4, 1, 6, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 1, 4, 4, 4, 4,
2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 2, 3, 4, 4, 2, 2, 5,
4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 2, 4, 5, 3, 3, 3, 5, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4,
2, 4, 4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 2, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 2, 4, 3,
3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 2, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3,
4, 3, 5, 2, 4, 4, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 3,
4, 4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 4, 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5,
5, 2, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 1, 3, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 4,
5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 3, 3, 4, 6, 5, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 2,
5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 3, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 1, 5, 4, 5, 4,
3, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 3, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5,
3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 2, 1, 2, 5, 4, 1, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 2, 4,
3, 4, 3, 4, 6, 2, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 1, 5, 3, 3, 3, 2,
4, 6, 5, 5, 2, 3, 5, 3, 5, 4, 3, 1, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 6, 4,
3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 5, 6, 3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 1,
4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 3, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 2, 6, 4), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS27 = structure(c(6,
6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6,
5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 1, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6,
6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6,
5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6,
5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 1, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6,
6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5,
6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6,
6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6,
5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6,
4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5,
5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6,
6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5,
5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4,
6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6,
5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4,
5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS33 = structure(c(6,
2, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 2, 5, 1, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 6,
4, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4,
5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5,
5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5,
4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 1, 4, 4, 3, 4,
5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 1, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 5,
6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4,
5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5,
5, 4, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5,
4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5,
5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 2, 5,
6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5,
5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 3, 6, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5,
4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 5, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 1, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6,
4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 4, 5, 5,
6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4,
4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6,
4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 4, 2, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4,
4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 2, 5, 6), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS34 = structure(c(3,
5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6,
5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2, 6,
5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5,
5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 1, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5,
6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 2, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 5,
5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5,
4, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5,
5, 4, 6, 2, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4,
5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5,
6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6,
5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6,
4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 3, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 6, 6, 4, 3, 5,
4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5,
6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 6, 3,
5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5,
3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6,
5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2,
6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS35 = structure(c(6,
3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 1, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6,
5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 3,
4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6,
6, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5,
5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 1, 4, 6, 4, 4,
4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5,
6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 3, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 5,
4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5,
4, 3, 5, 3, 5, 6, 1, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6,
5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5,
6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5,
5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4,
4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5,
4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 5,
5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5,
6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 3,
4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5,
6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 3, 6, 5, 6,
4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5,
5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 6, 6, 3, 5, 6), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS36 = structure(c(6,
3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6,
5, 5, 4, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4,
4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6,
3, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 1, 4, 4, 2, 4,
6, 3, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 2, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5,
5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 3, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4,
5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 6, 6, 5, 3, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 5, 4, 2, 5, 4,
4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6,
4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5,
5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 2, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 3, 2, 5,
6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5,
5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5,
3, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 6, 2, 4, 3, 6,
3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 3, 6,
6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3,
4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5,
6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6,
5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 3, 4, 5), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS37 = structure(c(6,
4, 5, 4, 2, 6, 4, 2, 5, 1, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 6,
5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 2, 4, 1, 4, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5,
2, 6, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4,
5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 1, 3, 5, 4, 3,
6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 1, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4,
5, 3, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 3, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4,
5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4,
3, 5, 2, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5,
5, 5, 5, 1, 4, 6, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 3, 5,
5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 3, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2, 5,
5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 4,
5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5,
4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 1, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5,
2, 2, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 2, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 1, 3, 3, 5,
2, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 1, 5, 2, 4, 5, 1, 5,
6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 1,
5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 3, 3, 1, 4, 2, 6, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6,
5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 1, 2, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5,
4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5, 2, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS38 = structure(c(6,
5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 4, 2, 5, 1, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6,
5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 6,
3, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4,
3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3,
5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5,
4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 1, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4,
6, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, 3, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4,
5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 2, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
3, 5, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5,
5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5,
5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5,
5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 1, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5,
5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5,
5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5,
4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5,
3, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5,
5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 6, 1,
4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5,
3, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 2, 2, 5, 3, 1, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 4, 3, 6, 4, 6,
5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 1, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6,
5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 1, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS40 = structure(c(6,
5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 6,
5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 1, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6,
5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5,
2, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4,
5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4,
5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 1, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5,
6, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5,
5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5,
4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5,
4, 3, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 3, 3,
4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 2, 4,
6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4,
5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5,
5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5,
4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 3, 5,
4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 1, 6, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5,
5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4,
4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5,
6, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 1, 3, 5, 6,
5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6,
5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS41 = structure(c(5,
3, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 1, 4, 3, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6,
3, 5, 3, 4, 4, 2, 4, 3, 5, 5, 4, 3, 1, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6, 4, 2,
4, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 2, 5,
6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 2, 6, 3, 3, 5, 3, 6, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 2, 5,
4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4,
4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 1, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5,
6, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4,
2, 5, 3, 3, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 3, 3, 4, 5,
3, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3,
4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 1, 1, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 2,
4, 4, 4, 3, 2, 4, 6, 3, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 2, 4, 4, 3, 5,
4, 3, 3, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5,
5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5,
4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 1, 5, 5, 2, 4, 6, 4, 4, 2, 5, 4, 6, 5,
3, 3, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 3, 6, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6,
4, 3, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 6, 3, 4, 1, 5, 4, 6, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4,
5, 5, 2, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3, 6, 2,
4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5,
2, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 2, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 2, 3, 5, 1,
4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 2, 6, 3, 2, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 2, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS43 = structure(c(6,
5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6,
4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 1, 3, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 5, 4, 6,
6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6,
6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5,
6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6,
5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5,
6, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5,
5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6,
4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6,
5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4,
6, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5,
6, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 2, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6,
5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 6,
5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 2, 5, 6, 6, 4,
4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6,
5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5,
5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5,
5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5,
6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 2, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 5, 6,
5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3, 6, 5,
5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 3, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree"))), SABAS47 = structure(c(6,
5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 1, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 5, 5, 2, 6, 3, 5, 6, 4, 6,
6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6,
6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5,
6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5,
6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6,
5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5,
5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5,
6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4,
6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6,
6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5,
5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6,
4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5,
5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6,
5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 4, 3, 6, 5, 6, 6,
6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6,
5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5,
6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 2, 3, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6,
5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 6, 6,
4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 2, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5), value.labels =
structure(c(6,
5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree",
"Slightly Agree",
"Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly
Disagree")))), .Names = c("SABAS02",
"SABAS06", "SABAS09", "SABAS10",
"SABAS12", "SABAS18", "SABAS26",
"SABAS27", "SABAS33", "SABAS34",
"SABAS35", "SABAS36", "SABAS37",
"SABAS38", "SABAS40", "SABAS41",
"SABAS43", "SABAS47"), row.names = c(NA,
-439L), class = "data.frame", codepage = 1252L)
I have attempted to use the polychoric command from the psych package (Revelle,
2005)
> polychoric(data.matrix18)
which returns the following error message at 20%: "Error in tab * log(P) :
non-conformable arrays".
I have also used the polychor command from the polycor package (Fox, 2010),
polychor(data.matrix18, ML=TRUE)
which returns the error message: "Error in checkmvArgs(lower = lower,
upper = upper, mean = mean, corr = corr, :
at least one element of 'lower' is larger than 'upper'"
When using the two step estimation method, R has output a single coefficient
rather than a correlation matrix, this could be due to a misunderstanding of the
command on my part.
> polychor(data.matrix18, ML=FALSE)
[1] -0.0002762387
In addition, I have used the dataset with the random.polchor.pa package
(Presaghi & Desimoni, 2011) to conduct parallel analysis with randomly
generated polychoric correlation matrices and this was successful. I conducted
these analyses on a larger dataset with 33 variables and also with the 18
variable version.
Any advice about how I can calculate a polychorric correlation matrix from this
dataset and use it to look at ordinal reliability estimates would be much
appreciated. I have one other query that does not relate to R specifically but
is likely to be a subject familiar to someone reading this post. I have recently
read a number of technical papers relating to the use of different reliability
estimates in scale development (Sjimtsa, 2009; Cronbach & Shavelson, 2004;
Revelle & Zinbarg, 2009; Gadermann, Guhn & Zumbo, 2012). These have been
helpful for me, but I am wondering if there are any less technical articles that
advise on which estimates to report from an applied research context. I
don't fully understand the mathematical subtleties of each statistic and am
hoping that someone from an applied psychology background would be able to point
me in the right direction.
References
Cronbach, L. J., & Shavelson, R. J. (2004). My current thoughts on
coefficientalpha and successor procedures. Educational and Psychological
Measurement, 64, 391-418. doi:10.1177/0013164404266386
Gadermann, A. J., Guhn, M., & Zumbo, B.D. (2012). Estimating ordinal
reliability for Likert-type and ordinal item response data: A conceptual,
empirical, and practical guide. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation,
17(3), 1-13.
Revelle, W., & Zinbarg, R. E. (2009). Coefficients alpha, beta, omega, and
the glb: Comments on Sijtsma. Psychometrika, 74, 145-154. doi:
10.1007/s11336-008-9102-z
Sijtsma, K. (2009). On the use, the misuse, and the very limited usefulness of
Cronbach's alpha. Psychometrika, 74, 107-120. doi: 10.1007/s11336-008-9101-0
With regards,
Kevin
Kevin Yet Fong Cheung, Bsc., MRes., MBPsS.
Postgraduate Researcher
Centre for Psychological Research
University of Derby
Kedleston Road
Derby DE22 1GB
k.cheung@derby.ac.uk<mailto:k.cheung@derby.ac.uk<mailto:k.cheung@derby.ac.uk%3cmailto:k.cheung@derby.ac.uk>>
01332592081
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John Fox
2012-Oct-01 22:46 UTC
[R] Error messages when attempting to calculate polychoric correlation matrices
Dear Kevin,>From ?polychor (in the polycor package):"polychor(x, y, ML = FALSE, control = list(), std.err = FALSE, maxcor=.9999) Arguments x a contingency table of counts or an ordered categorical variable; the latter can be numeric, logical, a factor, or an ordered factor, but if a factor, its levels should be in proper order. y if x is a variable, a second ordered categorical variable." So polychor doesn't take a data frame as its argument, and computes only one polychoric correlation at a time. (It generally helps in R, and even more generally, to read the documentation.) Thus, e.g.,> with(data.matrix18, polychor(SABAS02, SABAS06))[1] 0.1811532> with(data.matrix18, polychor(SABAS02, SABAS06, ML=TRUE))[1] 0.1817071 If you want to compute a matrix of polychoric correlations using the polycor package, then you can use the hetcor function -- see ?hetcor -- but you'll then have to change your variables from numeric to factors or ordered factors, or hetcor will compute Pearson pairwise correlations among them. You could use, for example for (j in 1:ncol(data.matrix18)) data.matrix18[, j] <- as.factor(data.matrix18[, j]) I hope this helps, John ----------------------------------------------- John Fox Senator McMaster Professor of Social Statistics Department of Sociology McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada> -----Original Message----- > From: r-help-bounces at r-project.org [mailto:r-help-bounces at r-project.org] > On Behalf Of Kevin Cheung > Sent: Monday, October 01, 2012 12:19 PM > To: 'r-help at r-project.org' > Subject: [R] Error messages when attempting to calculate polychoric > correlation matrices > > Dear R users, > > I am a psychology postgraduate student who is relatively new to using R. > I am currently developing a psychometric scale and have run into a few > problems when using R to calculate a polychoric correlation matrix for > my dataset. I am trying to produce a polychoric correlation matrix for > calculating ordinal reliability estimates (eg. Alpha, omega).The set > consists of 439 observations of 18 variables. Each of the 18 variables > was measured using a 6 point Likert scale but some variables only > feature responses across 5 ordinal steps because there were no observed > responses for one extreme of the item. The dataset has no missing data > following multiple imputation and preliminary analyses were conducted > using SPSS. I have included a command that will reproduce the dataset > below, apologies for the size of the command: > > data.matrix18 <- > structure(list(SABAS02 = structure(c(6, 2, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 3, > 5, 1, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 6, 5, 2, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, > 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 3, 4, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 2, 6, 5, > 4, 6, 2, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, > 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, > 5, 4, 6, 2, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 3, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, > 5, 6, 2, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, > 5, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, > 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, > 5, 2, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3, > 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, > 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, > 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, > 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 2, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, > 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 2, 5, 4, 4, 6, 2, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, > 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, > 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 2, 5, 6), value.labels = structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS06 > structure(c(6, > 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, > 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 3, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, > 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 3, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, > 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 2, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, > 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 2, 6, 6, > 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, > 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 6, 4, 3, 3, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 2, 5, 6, > 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, > 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS09 > structure(c(5, > 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 2, 5, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, > 5, 6, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 2, 2, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, > 5, 6, 4, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 2, 4, > 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 3, 1, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 3, 2, 5, 4, 5, 4, > 3, 4, 2, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, > 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 2, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 3, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 2, 5, 3, 4, 4, 3, 5, > 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, > 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 3, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 2, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, > 3, 3, 5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 5, 3, 3, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 2, 3, 2, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, > 4, 5, 3, 5, 6, 1, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 4, 4, 3, 2, 6, 5, 2, 4, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 5, 3, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 3, 5, 6), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS10 > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, > 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 2, 2, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 3, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 6, 3, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 1, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 3, 4, 2, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, > 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 3, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, > 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 1, 5, > 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 1, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, > 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, > 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, 3, 4, 4, 5, 1, 3, 3, 2, 5, 5, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, > 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, > 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 3, 2, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 1, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS12 > structure(c(6, > 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, > 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, > 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, > 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, > 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, > 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, > 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 6, 6, > 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, > 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, > 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, > 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS18 > structure(c(5, > 3, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 1, 5, 3, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 4, 2, 6, 6, > 2, 5, 4, 4, 4, 1, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, 3, 4, 1, 6, 4, 4, > 3, 5, 5, 3, 4, 3, 5, 3, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 2, 6, > 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 2, 6, 3, 3, 5, 3, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, 4, 5, 1, 5, 6, 5, 5, > 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, > 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 3, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, 4, > 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 4, > 3, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, > 4, 4, 6, 3, 4, 5, 1, 4, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, > 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 3, 5, > 3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 6, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, > 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 1, 4, 3, 1, 6, 5, 5, 2, 4, 3, 4, 3, 5, 2, 6, 5, > 3, 3, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 3, 4, 2, 5, 3, 1, 5, 4, 6, > 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, 1, 6, 5, 6, 1, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 2, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 5, 2, > 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 2, 5, > 1, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 1, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 1, > 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 6, 5, 5, 3, 6, 6), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS26 > structure(c(4, > 2, 6, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 1, 2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 2, 3, 4, 6, > 5, 4, 5, 3, 3, 2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 2, 4, 1, 4, 3, 2, 2, 5, 3, 4, 2, > 2, 2, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 3, 4, 6, 4, 3, 2, 3, 4, 2, 4, 4, 2, 2, 5, > 2, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 2, 4, 4, 4, 6, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 1, 2, 3, > 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 2, 4, 1, 6, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 1, 4, 4, 4, 4, > 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 2, 3, 4, 4, 2, 2, 5, > 4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 2, 4, 5, 3, 3, 3, 5, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, > 2, 4, 4, 3, 4, 3, 4, 2, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 2, 4, 3, > 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 2, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, > 4, 3, 5, 2, 4, 4, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 3, > 4, 4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 4, 3, 3, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5, > 5, 2, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 1, 3, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 4, > 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 3, 3, 4, 6, 5, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 2, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 3, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 1, 5, 4, 5, 4, > 3, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 3, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5, > 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 2, 1, 2, 5, 4, 1, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 2, 4, > 3, 4, 3, 4, 6, 2, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 1, 5, 3, 3, 3, 2, > 4, 6, 5, 5, 2, 3, 5, 3, 5, 4, 3, 1, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 6, 4, > 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 5, 6, 3, 2, 3, 3, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 1, > 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 3, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 2, 6, 4), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS27 > structure(c(6, > 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 1, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, > 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, > 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, > 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 1, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, > 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, > 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, > 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, > 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, > 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS33 > structure(c(6, > 2, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 2, 5, 1, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 6, > 4, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, > 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, > 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 1, 4, 4, 3, 4, > 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 1, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, > 5, 4, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, > 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 2, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 3, 6, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 5, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 1, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, > 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 4, 5, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, > 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, > 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 4, 2, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, > 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 2, 5, 6), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS34 > structure(c(3, > 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2, 6, > 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 1, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 2, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, > 4, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, > 5, 4, 6, 2, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, > 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 3, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 6, 6, 4, 3, 5, > 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 6, 3, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, > 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS35 > structure(c(6, > 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 1, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 3, > 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, > 6, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 1, 4, 6, 4, 4, > 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 3, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 5, > 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 4, 3, 5, 3, 5, 6, 1, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, > 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, > 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 3, > 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 3, 6, 5, 6, > 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 6, 6, 3, 5, 6), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS36 > structure(c(6, > 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 1, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 4, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, > 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, > 3, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 1, 4, 4, 2, 4, > 6, 3, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 2, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, > 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 3, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 6, 6, 5, 3, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 5, 4, 2, 5, 4, > 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 2, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, > 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 2, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 3, 2, 5, > 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 3, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 6, 2, 4, 3, 6, > 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 3, 6, > 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, > 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 6, 3, 4, 5), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS37 > structure(c(6, > 4, 5, 4, 2, 6, 4, 2, 5, 1, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 2, 4, 1, 4, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 2, 6, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, > 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 2, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 1, 3, 5, 4, 3, > 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 1, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, > 5, 3, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 3, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, > 3, 5, 2, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 1, 4, 6, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 3, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 3, 5, 4, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 4, > 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, > 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 1, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 2, 2, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 2, 5, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 1, 3, 3, 5, > 2, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 3, 5, 1, 5, 2, 4, 5, 1, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 1, > 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 3, 3, 3, 1, 4, 2, 6, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 1, 2, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, > 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 2, 3, 5, 2, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS38 > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 4, 2, 5, 1, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 3, 4, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 6, > 3, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, > 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, > 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 1, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, > 6, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, 3, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, > 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 2, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, > 3, 5, 2, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, > 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 1, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 5, > 3, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, > 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 6, 1, > 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, > 3, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 2, 2, 5, 3, 1, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 4, 3, 6, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 1, 4, 3, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 1, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS40 > structure(c(6, > 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 1, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 1, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 2, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, 6, > 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 2, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, > 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 1, 3, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, > 6, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, > 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 4, 3, 5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 2, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 3, 3, > 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 2, 4, > 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, > 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 5, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 3, 5, > 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 1, 6, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 4, > 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 5, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 1, 3, 5, 6, > 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS41 > structure(c(5, > 3, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 1, 4, 3, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, > 3, 5, 3, 4, 4, 2, 4, 3, 5, 5, 4, 3, 1, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 6, 4, 2, > 4, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 3, 5, 4, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 2, 5, > 6, 4, 6, 5, 4, 4, 2, 6, 3, 3, 5, 3, 6, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 3, 2, 5, > 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, > 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 1, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, > 6, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, > 2, 5, 3, 3, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, 3, 3, 4, 5, > 3, 5, 3, 4, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 3, > 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 1, 1, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 4, 2, 2, > 4, 4, 4, 3, 2, 4, 6, 3, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 2, 4, 4, 3, 5, > 4, 3, 3, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 4, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 3, 6, 6, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 6, 5, > 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 1, 5, 5, 2, 4, 6, 4, 4, 2, 5, 4, 6, 5, > 3, 3, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 3, 6, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, > 4, 3, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 6, 3, 4, 1, 5, 4, 6, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, > 5, 5, 2, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3, 6, 2, > 4, 6, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 1, 4, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, > 2, 5, 3, 5, 4, 4, 2, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 4, 2, 3, 5, 1, > 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 2, 6, 3, 2, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 2, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 3, 5, 5), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS43 > structure(c(6, > 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 1, 3, 3, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 3, 5, 5, 4, 6, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, > 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 3, 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, > 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, > 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, > 6, 4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, > 4, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, > 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, > 6, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, 6, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, 5, 5, > 6, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 2, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 6, > 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 3, 2, 5, 6, 6, 4, > 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, > 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 2, 3, 5, 4, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 5, 6, > 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 3, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree"))), SABAS47 > structure(c(6, > 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, > 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 1, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 6, 5, 5, 2, 6, 3, 5, 6, 4, 6, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 3, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, 6, > 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 3, 6, 4, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, > 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, > 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, > 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, 6, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, > 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 6, 4, 5, 6, 5, 5, 4, > 6, 5, 4, 6, 5, 4, 6, 4, 4, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, > 6, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 6, 6, > 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 4, 5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 5, > 5, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 6, 4, 3, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, > 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 6, 5, > 6, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 2, 3, 5, 5, 3, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 3, 5, 6, > 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 6, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 3, 5, 4, 6, 6, > 4, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 2, 6, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5), value.labels > structure(c(6, > 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), .Names = c("Strongly Agree", "Agree", "Slightly Agree", > "Slightly Disagree", "Disagree", "Strongly Disagree")))), .Names > c("SABAS02", > "SABAS06", "SABAS09", "SABAS10", "SABAS12", "SABAS18", "SABAS26", > "SABAS27", "SABAS33", "SABAS34", "SABAS35", "SABAS36", "SABAS37", > "SABAS38", "SABAS40", "SABAS41", "SABAS43", "SABAS47"), row.names > c(NA, > -439L), class = "data.frame", codepage = 1252L) > > > I have attempted to use the polychoric command from the psych package > (Revelle, 2005) > > > polychoric(data.matrix18) > > which returns the following error message at 20%: "Error in tab * log(P) > : non-conformable arrays". > > > > I have also used the polychor command from the polycor package (Fox, > 2010), > > polychor(data.matrix18, ML=TRUE) > > which returns the error message: "Error in checkmvArgs(lower = lower, > upper = upper, mean = mean, corr = corr, : > > at least one element of 'lower' is larger than 'upper'" > > > > When using the two step estimation method, R has output a single > coefficient rather than a correlation matrix, this could be due to a > misunderstanding of the command on my part. > > > polychor(data.matrix18, ML=FALSE) > > [1] -0.0002762387 > > > In addition, I have used the dataset with the random.polchor.pa package > (Presaghi & Desimoni, 2011) to conduct parallel analysis with randomly > generated polychoric correlation matrices and this was successful. I > conducted these analyses on a larger dataset with 33 variables and also > with the 18 variable version. > Any advice about how I can calculate a polychorric correlation matrix > from this dataset and use it to look at ordinal reliability estimates > would be much appreciated. I have one other query that does not relate > to R specifically but is likely to be a subject familiar to someone > reading this post. I have recently read a number of technical papers > relating to the use of different reliability estimates in scale > development (Sjimtsa, 2009; Cronbach & Shavelson, 2004; Revelle & > Zinbarg, 2009; Gadermann, Guhn & Zumbo, 2012). These have been helpful > for me, but I am wondering if there are any less technical articles that > advise on which estimates to report from an applied research context. I > don't fully understand the mathematical subtleties of each statistic and > am hoping that someone from an applied psychology background would be > able to point me in the right direction. > > > References > Cronbach, L. J., & Shavelson, R. J. (2004). My current thoughts on > coefficientalpha and successor procedures. Educational and Psychological > Measurement, 64, 391-418. doi:10.1177/0013164404266386 > > Gadermann, A. J., Guhn, M., & Zumbo, B.D. (2012). Estimating ordinal > reliability for Likert-type and ordinal item response data: A > conceptual, empirical, and practical guide. Practical Assessment, > Research & Evaluation, 17(3), 1-13. > > Revelle, W., & Zinbarg, R. E. (2009). Coefficients alpha, beta, omega, > and the glb: Comments on Sijtsma. Psychometrika, 74, 145-154. doi: > 10.1007/s11336-008-9102-z > > Sijtsma, K. (2009). On the use, the misuse, and the very limited > usefulness of Cronbach's alpha. Psychometrika, 74, 107-120. doi: > 10.1007/s11336-008-9101-0 > > > With regards, > > Kevin > > Kevin Yet Fong Cheung, Bsc., MRes., MBPsS. > Postgraduate Researcher > Centre for Psychological Research > University of Derby > Kedleston Road > Derby DE22 1GB > k.cheung at derby.ac.uk<mailto:k.cheung at derby.ac.uk<mailto:k.cheung at derby.a > c.uk%3cmailto:k.cheung at derby.ac.uk>> > 01332592081 > > > _____________________________________________________________________ > The University of Derby has a published policy regarding email and > reserves the right to monitor email traffic. If you believe this email > was sent to you in error, please notify the sender and delete this > email. Please direct any concerns to Infosec at derby.ac.uk. > [[alternative HTML version deleted]] > > ______________________________________________ > R-help at r-project.org mailing list > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting- > guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
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