I have what I feel is a standard habtm association to manage user/roles/permissions. However, I''m having a small problem wondering why ".include?" isn''t working like I thought it should. I''m attempting to use this to determine whether a user has access to a particular permission: if session[:user].role.permissions.include?(''Lead List'') do something end If I call session[:user].role.permissions.inspect I get this: [#"Lead List", "role_id"=>"1", "permission_id"=>"1", "id"=>"1"}>, #"Purchase Orders", "role_id"=>"1", "permission_id"=>"4", "id"=>"4"}>, #"Quotes", "role_id"=>"1", "permission_id"=>"5", "id"=>"5"}>, #"Invoices", "role_id"=>"1", "permission_id"=>"6", "id"=>"6"}>] But the "include?" returns false. If I modify the condition, to the following, it works: session[:user].role.permissions.collect{|p| p.name }.include?(''Lead List'') I''m okay with it working using the latter example, but I was wondering if there''s something I haven''t done to make the first example (minus the .collect) not work like I thought it would. Any pointers would be appreciated. Cheers, Bill -- Posted via http://www.ruby-forum.com/.