I'm uncertain how helpful it will be to give example code, but last week, this model gave an error message to the tune of "failed to converge" after about 5 minutes of run-time : library(nlme) model.A<- lme (fixed = avbranch~ wk*trt*pop , random = ~wk|ID/fam/pop, data=branch) It seemed that failure to converge made sense, since there were many weeks (wk) and values for "ID/fam/pop". I settled for this model: model.A2 <- lme (fixed = avbranch~ wk*trt*pop , random = ~1|ID/fam/pop, data=branch) However, when I tried the model.A on a different dependent variable this week, it converged. Since the challenge to convergence (many levels of wk and ID/fam/pop) was the same as it had been before, I went back and tried model.A on the other analysis, and it also ran. I then started checking results for everything I'd done in the past three weeks in packages that use ML methods (FIML, REML)--and got different outcomes. I've quadruple-checked to be sure I'm using the same code and the same data (I use .csv files for simplicity), and see no differences. However, results from nlme and sem packages are both different. I had not saved detailed output, but had recorded parameters, model-fit statistics, and convergence failures. Could some new package I installed could have changed the way that MLE methods are functioning in the work environment? Everything in the search path looks as it did before, but could something like Rcmdr (just installed, but not now in the search path) change other parts of the environment? Is that possible? If so, how do I check? If not, could anything (besides user error--obviously the simplest solutions are that the code or the data really is different or I recorded the results incorrectly before) account for different results using the same data and code? My main concern is about which results are correct: convergence seems to be happening much faster now, and some models are showing better fits, but the difference makes me nervous. Any ideas would be helpful. Thanks, Claire Lay [[alternative HTML version deleted]]