Hi Everyone, I'm trying to minimize a function using constrOptim with the simulated annealing method SANN. If I understand constrOptim well, it basically passes most of its arguments to optim while somehow enforcing the constraints. My problem is, that since SANN does not need gradients, when using optim with SANN, the gr argument of optim is used to specify a function to create the next candidate point for the annealing algorithm. If it is left NULL, a default Gaussian Markov kernel is used - which is fine for my purposes. But for some reason, when using constrOptim, a non-NULL grad argument is needed when using the SANN method. Is there a possible way to circumvent this, possibly by telling constrOptim to use optim's default or do I have to specify the function by hand? If so, how do I do that? Unfortunately, I was not able to find an example or definition how to appropriately specify the function for the creation of the next candidate point, nor how to tell constrOptim to simply use the default of optim. Any help in this matter will be greatly appreciated, and I apologize, if this has recently been discussed or I missed something in the manuals. Best regards, Jonas Rumpf