I am currently using the coxph function from R on a microarray dataset. The curve fit is performed using each gene's expression measurements separately. I then get a p-value for each gene, from the Coxph.summary method. Can someone please explain how this is computed and the significance of the p-value? However, the bigger question I have is how to perform permutation tests to get a more robust estimate of significance. After permuting the survival times and running Cox on each gene, I would like to save the most extreme values (representing the gene most correlated with survival). After ~1000 runs, I then run Cox on each gene with the correct survival numbers. My question is, which statistic(s) should I look at? I was thinking that the coefficient might be appropriate, but I'm new to survival analysis and am not certain. Can anyone offer any advice? Finally, currently, I permute the survival times and maintain the proper association with the status column. Should I permute the status separately? Thanks for your time.