Dear R-help: Is there a way to extract a robust covariance matrix from optim? I am looking for one of the form H V H; where H is the inverse of the Hessian, and V is dLL/dT * dLL/dT’ (LL=Log-likelihood, T=vector of parameters, d is the partial). Optim returns H, which approximates for the covariance matrix in the mle packages, but I was hoping for something more sandwich-like. Any help/ direction would be much appreciated. I am fairly new to R, so forgive me if this question is inappropriate for the list. If I don’t hear back from anyone, I’ll get the hint. Thanks, AEA --------------------------------- [[alternative HTML version deleted]]