Hi, pchisq -> distribution function dchisq -> density function pval is the area under the curve, to calculte it you use distribution function which is the integral of density function. See: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda362.htm http://mathworld.wolfram.com/DistributionFunction.html f(x) density function F(x) distribution function =Pr(X<x)= integral(f(x)) Hoping I helped you! Regards Vito you wrote: Dear R helpers: Thanks for the previous reply. I am using Friedman racing test. According the the book "Pratical Nonprametric Statistic" by WJ Conover, after computing the statistics, he suggested to use chi-squared or F distribution to accept or reject null hypothesis. After looking into the source code, I found that R uses chi-sqaured distribution as below: PVAL <- pchisq(STATISTIC, PARAMETER, lower = FALSE) but still I cant figure out why they are using this pschisq insted of dchisq. Sorry I am wrong!! Thanking you truly Prasanna ====Diventare costruttori di soluzioni Became solutions' constructors "The business of the statistician is to catalyze the scientific learning process." George E. P. Box Top 10 reasons to become a Statistician 1. Deviation is considered normal 2. We feel complete and sufficient 3. We are 'mean' lovers 4. Statisticians do it discretely and continuously 5. We are right 95% of the time 6. We can legally comment on someone's posterior distribution 7. We may not be normal, but we are transformable 8. We never have to say we are certain 9. We are honestly significantly different 10. No one wants our jobs Visitate il portale http://www.modugno.it/ e in particolare la sezione su Palese http://www.modugno.it/archivio/palese/