I''m seeing an inconsistent application of validation in a single-table inheritance situation, and wanted to see if anyone else has seen this. I have the following: class Contact < ActiveRecord validates_presence_of :first_name ... end class EmployeeContact < Contact ... end If I do the following while running the server or in test mode, no error occurs eventhough the first name is invalid: @employee_contact.update_attributes({:first_name => ""''}) When I do the same in script/console, #update_attributes returns false (an error occurs as expected). If I add: validates_presence_of :first_name to the EmployeeContact model, the validation does fail as expected. Anyone have any ideas why the validation only works as expected in the console? Derek -- Derek Haynes HighGroove Studios - http://www.highgroove.com Atlanta, GA | San Mateo, CA Keeping it Simple. 404.593.4879