Tim Kaufmann
2009-Jul-25 13:05 UTC
[Xen-users] OpenSuse 11.1 / Xen 3.3.1 via LVM: Slow disk in pv guests
Hi all!
both Dom0 and DomU reside on LVM over Raid 5. The DomU shows low disk
performance. Tried it with OpenSuse 11.1 and with Lenny as Guest
(installed Lenny as HVM with original Xen-Kernel, then converted to
PV, also tried with OpenSuse-Kernel kernel and ramdisk) - speed is
always app. half of the Dom0-Speed:
Dom0:~ # dd if=/dev/zero of=./test1024M bs=1024k count=1024 conv=fsync
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 6.0963 s, 176 MB/s
DomU:~# dd if=/dev/zero of=./test1024M bs=1024k count=1024 conv=fsync
1024+0 Datensätze ein
1024+0 Datensätze aus
1073741824 Bytes (1,1 GB) kopiert, 12,1765 s, 88,2 MB/s
I expected the PV guests to reach near Dom0-performance. Could someone
please help?
Thanks
Tim
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=======================================================================Dom0: xm
dmesg
__ __
\ \/ /___ _ __
\ // _ \ ''_ \
/ \ __/ | | |
/_/\_\___|_| |_|
_____ _____ _ _ ___ ____ _ _ __ _ __ ___
_ _
|___ / |___ / / | / |( _ ) ___|| || | / /_ / |/ /_ / _ \ /
| / |
|_ \ |_ \ | | | |/ _ \___ \| || |_| ''_ \ | | ''_ \
__| | | ||
| | |
___) | ___) || | | | (_) |__) |__ _| (_) | | | (_) |__| |_| ||
|_| |
|____(_)____(_)_|___|_|\___/____/ |_| \___/___|_|\___/
\___(_)_(_)_|
|_____| |_____|
(XEN) Xen version 3.3.1_18546_16-0.1.1 (abuild@) (gcc version 4.3.2
[gcc-4_3-branch revision 141291] (SUSE Linux) ) Thu May 14 20:37:39
UTC 2009
(XEN) Latest ChangeSet: 18546
(XEN) Command line:
(XEN) Video information:
(XEN) VGA is text mode 80x25, font 8x16
(XEN) VBE/DDC methods: V2; EDID transfer time: 1 seconds
(XEN) Disc information:
(XEN) Found 0 MBR signatures
(XEN) Found 5 EDD information structures
(XEN) Xen-e820 RAM map:
(XEN) 0000000000000000 - 000000000009e800 (usable)
(XEN) 000000000009e800 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)
(XEN) 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)
(XEN) 0000000000100000 - 00000000bd6c6000 (usable)
(XEN) 00000000bd6c6000 - 00000000bd708000 (ACPI NVS)
(XEN) 00000000bd708000 - 00000000bd82b000 (reserved)
(XEN) 00000000bd82b000 - 00000000bd83f000 (ACPI NVS)
(XEN) 00000000bd83f000 - 00000000bd93f000 (reserved)
(XEN) 00000000bd93f000 - 00000000bd940000 (ACPI NVS)
(XEN) 00000000bd940000 - 00000000bd945000 (reserved)
(XEN) 00000000bd945000 - 00000000bd94d000 (ACPI data)
(XEN) 00000000bd94d000 - 00000000bd968000 (ACPI NVS)
(XEN) 00000000bd968000 - 00000000bd986000 (reserved)
(XEN) 00000000bd986000 - 00000000bd98c000 (ACPI NVS)
(XEN) 00000000bd98c000 - 00000000bdb00000 (usable)
(XEN) 00000000bdc00000 - 00000000c0000000 (reserved)
(XEN) 00000000fed1c000 - 00000000fed20000 (reserved)
(XEN) 00000000ff000000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)
(XEN) 0000000100000000 - 000000023c000000 (usable)
(XEN) System RAM: 8087MB (8281952kB)
(XEN) ACPI: RSDP 000F03C0, 0024 (r2 INTEL)
(XEN) ACPI: XSDT BD94BE18, 0064 (r1 INTEL DQ45CB 55 MSFT
10013)
(XEN) ACPI: FACP BD94AD98, 00F4 (r4 INTEL A M I 6222004 MSFT
10013)
(XEN) ACPI: DSDT BD945018, 4F15 (r1 INTEL DQ45CB 55 INTL
20051117)
(XEN) ACPI: FACS BD953F40, 0040
(XEN) ACPI: APIC BD94AF18, 006C (r2 INTEL DQ45CB 55 MSFT
10013)
(XEN) ACPI: MCFG BD955E18, 003C (r1 INTEL DQ45CB 55
MSFT 97)
(XEN) ACPI: ASF! BD954D18, 00A0 (r32 INTEL DQ45CB 55 TFSM
F4240)
(XEN) ACPI: HPET BD955D98, 0038 (r1 INTEL DQ45CB 55
AMI. 3)
(XEN) ACPI: SPCR BD955C98, 0050 (r1 INTEL DQ45CB 55
AMI. 3)
(XEN) ACPI: TCPA BD955C18, 0032 (r2 INTEL DQ45CB 55 MSFT
1000013)
(XEN) ACPI: DMAR BD93FC18, 0120 (r1 INTEL DQ45CB 55
INTL 1)
(XEN) Xen heap: 12MB (12372kB)
(XEN) Domain heap initialised
(XEN) Processor #0 7:7 APIC version 20
(XEN) Processor #1 7:7 APIC version 20
(XEN) Processor #2 7:7 APIC version 20
(XEN) Processor #3 7:7 APIC version 20
(XEN) IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 0, version 32, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23
(XEN) Enabling APIC mode: Flat. Using 1 I/O APICs
(XEN) Using scheduler: SMP Credit Scheduler (credit)
(XEN) Detected 2833.090 MHz processor.
(XEN) VMX: Supported advanced features:
(XEN) - APIC MMIO access virtualisation
(XEN) - APIC TPR shadow
(XEN) - Virtual NMI
(XEN) - MSR direct-access bitmap
(XEN) HVM: VMX enabled
(XEN) CPU0: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q9550 @ 2.83GHz stepping 0a
(XEN) Booting processor 1/1 eip 8c000
(XEN) CPU1: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q9550 @ 2.83GHz stepping 0a
(XEN) Booting processor 2/2 eip 8c000
(XEN) CPU2: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q9550 @ 2.83GHz stepping 0a
(XEN) Booting processor 3/3 eip 8c000
(XEN) CPU3: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q9550 @ 2.83GHz stepping 0a
(XEN) Total of 4 processors activated.
(XEN) ENABLING IO-APIC IRQs
(XEN) -> Using old ACK method
(XEN) checking TSC synchronization across 4 CPUs: passed.
(XEN) Platform timer is 14.318MHz HPET
(XEN) Brought up 4 CPUs
(XEN) I/O virtualisation disabled
(XEN) *** LOADING DOMAIN 0 ***
(XEN) Xen kernel: 64-bit, lsb, compat32
(XEN) Dom0 kernel: 64-bit, lsb, paddr 0x200000 -> 0x830038
(XEN) PHYSICAL MEMORY ARRANGEMENT:
(XEN) Dom0 alloc.: 0000000232000000->0000000234000000 (1999773
pages to be allocated)
(XEN) VIRTUAL MEMORY ARRANGEMENT:
(XEN) Loaded kernel: ffffffff80200000->ffffffff80830038
(XEN) Init. ramdisk: ffffffff80831000->ffffffff815fca00
(XEN) Phys-Mach map: ffffe20000000000->ffffe20000f51ce8
(XEN) Start info: ffffffff815fd000->ffffffff815fd4b4
(XEN) Page tables: ffffffff815fe000->ffffffff8160d000
(XEN) Boot stack: ffffffff8160d000->ffffffff8160e000
(XEN) TOTAL: ffffffff80000000->ffffffff81800000
(XEN) ENTRY ADDRESS: ffffffff80200000
(XEN) Dom0 has maximum 4 VCPUs
(XEN) Scrubbing Free RAM: .done.
(XEN) Xen trace buffers: disabled
(XEN) Std. Loglevel: Errors and warnings
(XEN) Guest Loglevel: Nothing (Rate-limited: Errors and warnings)
(XEN) Xen is relinquishing VGA console.
(XEN) *** Serial input -> DOM0 (type ''CTRL-a'' three times
to switch
input to Xen)
(XEN) Freed 116kB init memory.
(XEN) mtrr: type mismatch for c0000000,10000000 old: write-back new:
write-combining
(XEN) mm.c:696:d6 Non-privileged (6) attempt to map I/O space 000000f0
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=======================================================================
From Dom0 /boot/grub/menu.lst
title Xen -- openSUSE 11.1 - 2.6.27.25-0.1 mit PCI Passthrough
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/xen.gz
module /boot/vmlinuz-xen root=/dev/raid5/root
pciback.hide=(03:04.0) resume=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WD
C_WD1002FBYS-01A6B0_WD-WMATV0869173-part5 splash=silent
module /boot/initrd-xen
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=======================================================================
Dom0: cat /etc/xen/vm/asterix
automatix:~ # cat /etc/xen/vm/asterix
#bootloader = "/usr/lib/xen/boot/domUloader.py"
#bootargs="--entry=xvda1:/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.26-2-xen-amd64,/boot/
initrd.img-2.6.26-2-xen-amd64"
kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-xen"
ramdisk = "/boot/initrd-xen"
extra="swiotlb=force"
memory = 512
maxmem=512
vcpus=2
name = "asterix"
vif = [ ''mac=00:16:3e:58:5f:65,bridge=br0'' ]
#dhcp= "dhcp"
disk = [''phy:/dev/raid5/asterix,xvda,w'']
root = "/dev/xvda1"
vfb=[''type=vnc,vncunused=1'']
on_poweroff="destroy"
on_reboot="restart"
on_crash="destroy"
on_xend_start="start"
on_xend_stop="shutdown"
localtime=0
keymap="de"
pci=[''03:04.0'']
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=======================================================================
Dom0: xm list -l asterix
(domain
(domid 7)
(bootloader )
(on_crash destroy)
(uuid 6536aa16-3f05-b130-6a6e-b2806146a75a)
(bootloader_args )
(vcpus 2)
(name asterix)
(cpus (() ()))
(on_reboot restart)
(on_poweroff destroy)
(maxmem 512)
(memory 512)
(shadow_memory 0)
(features )
(on_xend_start start)
(on_xend_stop shutdown)
(start_time 1248525178.97)
(cpu_time 44.197314096)
(online_vcpus 2)
(image
(linux
(kernel /boot/vmlinuz-xen)
(ramdisk /boot/initrd-xen)
(args ''root=/dev/xvda1 swiotlb=force'')
(device_model /usr/lib64/xen/bin/qemu-dm)
(notes
(FEATURES
''writable_page_tables|writable_descriptor_tables|
auto_translated_physmap|pae_pgdir_above_4gb|supervisor_mode_kernel''
)
(VIRT_BASE 18446744071562067968)
(GUEST_VERSION 2.6)
(PADDR_OFFSET 0)
(GUEST_OS linux)
(HYPERCALL_PAGE 18446744071564193792)
(LOADER generic)
(INIT_P2M 18446711088360718336)
(SUSPEND_CANCEL 1)
(ENTRY 18446744071564165120)
(XEN_VERSION xen-3.0)
)
)
)
(status 2)
(state -b----)
(store_mfn 278672)
(console_mfn 278671)
(device
(vif
(bridge br0)
(mac 00:16:3e:58:5f:65)
(script /etc/xen/scripts/vif-bridge)
(uuid 18168da2-be47-8644-7a2a-abf6042b29fd)
(backend 0)
)
)
(device (vkbd (backend 0)))
(device
(console
(protocol vt100)
(location 2)
(uuid 05446505-1e20-b67a-1108-ec03ce21f37c)
)
)
(device
(vbd
(protocol x86_64-abi)
(uuid c592451c-6ac7-cc95-d726-f7019015ee97)
(dev xvda:disk)
(uname phy:/dev/raid5/asterix)
(mode w)
(backend 0)
(bootable 1)
(VDI )
)
)
(device
(vfb
(vncunused 1)
(xauthority /root/.Xauthority)
(keymap de)
(location 127.0.0.1:5901)
(type vnc)
(uuid f893b0a7-588c-25a0-32d6-b3edbe1bbdc0)
)
)
(device
(pci
(dev
(slot 0x04)
(bus 0x03)
(domain 0x0000)
(uuid e5f5135b-74b4-9b5b-59b3-8e6091c23e6e)
(func 0x0)
)
(uuid 8c28e20d-291f-d496-8018-63b5c760fd48)
(backend 0)
)
)
)
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=======================================================================
asterix:~# dmesg
Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
Linux version 2.6.27.25-0.1-xen (geeko@buildhost) (gcc version 4.3.2
[gcc-4_3-branch revision 141291] (SUSE Linux) ) #1 SMP 2009-07-01
15:37:09 +0200
Command line: root=/dev/xvda1 swiotlb=force
KERNEL supported cpus:
Intel GenuineIntel
AMD AuthenticAMD
Centaur CentaurHauls
Xen-provided physical RAM map:
Xen: 0000000000000000 - 0000000020800000 (usable)
last_pfn = 0x20800 max_arch_pfn = 0x4fffffff
init_memory_mapping
0000000000 - 0020800000 page 4k
kernel direct mapping tables up to 20800000 @ 170f000-1815000
last_map_addr: 20800000 end: 20800000
RAMDISK: 00831000 - 015fd000
ACPI in unprivileged domain disabled
(3 early reservations) ==> bootmem [0000000000 - 0020000000]
#0 [0000200000 - 0000830038] TEXT DATA BSS ==> [0000200000 -
0000830038]
#1 [0000831000 - 000170f000] Xen provided ==> [0000831000 -
000170f000]
#2 [000170f000 - 0001815000] PGTABLE ==> [000170f000 -
0001815000]
Zone PFN ranges:
DMA 0x00000000 -> 0x00001000
DMA32 0x00001000 -> 0x00100000
Normal 0x00100000 -> 0x00100000
Movable zone start PFN for each node
early_node_map[1] active PFN ranges
0: 0x00000000 -> 0x00020800
On node 0 totalpages: 133120
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat ffffffff8068a200, node_mem_map
ffff880001815000
DMA zone: 4032 pages, LIFO batch:0
DMA32 zone: 127008 pages, LIFO batch:31
PERCPU: Allocating 50720 bytes of per cpu data
NR_CPUS: 32, nr_cpu_ids: 2, nr_node_ids 1
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages:
131040
Kernel command line: root=/dev/xvda1 swiotlb=force
Initializing CPU#0
PID hash table entries: 2048 (order: 11, 16384 bytes)
Xen reported: 2833.010 MHz processor.
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
console [tty0] enabled
console [xvc-1] enabled
Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
Software IO TLB enabled:
Aperture: 64 megabytes
Kernel range: ffff880002140000 - ffff880006140000
Address size: 31 bits
PCI-DMA: Using software bounce buffering for IO (SWIOTLB)
Memory: 425728k/532480k available (2486k kernel code, 98100k reserved,
2192k data, 284k init)
CPA: page pool initialized 1 of 1 pages preallocated
Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 5663.08 BogoMIPS
(lpj=11326169)
Security Framework initialized
AppArmor: AppArmor initialized
Mount-cache hash table entries: 256
Initializing cgroup subsys ns
Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct
Initializing cgroup subsys memory
Initializing cgroup subsys devices
Initializing cgroup subsys freezer
CPU: L1 I cache: 32K, L1 D cache: 32K
CPU: L2 cache: 6144K
CPU: Physical Processor ID: 0
CPU: Processor Core ID: 1
SMP alternatives: switching to UP code
Brought up 1 CPUs
CPU0 attaching NULL sched-domain.
net_namespace: 1936 bytes
NET: Registered protocol family 16
SMP alternatives: switching to SMP code
CPU0 attaching NULL sched-domain.
Initializing CPU#1
CPU: L1 I cache: 32K, L1 D cache: 32K
CPU: L2 cache: 6144K
CPU: Physical Processor ID: 0
CPU: Processor Core ID: 1
CPU0 attaching sched-domain:
domain 0: span 0-1 level CPU
groups: 0 1
CPU1 attaching sched-domain:
domain 0: span 0-1 level CPU
groups: 1 0
Brought up 2 CPUs
PCI: Fatal: No config space access function found
PCI: setting up Xen PCI frontend stub
ACPI: Interpreter disabled.
Linux Plug and Play Support v0.97 (c) Adam Belay
pnp: PnP ACPI: disabled
suspend: event channel 13
xen_mem: Initialising balloon driver.
PCI: System does not support PCI
PCI: System does not support PCI
pcifront pci-0: Installing PCI frontend
pcifront pci-0: Creating PCI Frontend Bus 0000:00
PCI: 0000:00:00.0 reg 10 32bit mmio: [d0600000, d06001ff]
AppArmor: AppArmor Filesystem Enabled
bus: 00 index 0 io port: [0, ffff]
bus: 00 index 1 mmio: [0, ffffffffffffffff]
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 65536 bind 65536)
TCP reno registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
Unpacking initramfs... done
Freeing initrd memory: 14128k freed
platform rtc_cmos: registered platform RTC device (no PNP device found)
audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled)
type=2000 audit(1248525179.545:1): initialized
VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.1
Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
msgmni has been set to 262
Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 254)
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler anticipatory registered
io scheduler deadline registered
io scheduler cfq registered (default)
Non-volatile memory driver v1.2
Xen virtual console successfully installed as xvc0
Event-channel device installed.
Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 100x37
console [tty0] enabled
input: Xen Virtual Keyboard as /devices/virtual/input/input0
input: Xen Virtual Pointer as /devices/virtual/input/input1
PNP: No PS/2 controller found. Probing ports directly.
i8042.c: No controller found.
mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
TCP cubic registered
registered taskstats version 1
XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/vbd/51712
XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/vif/0
XENBUS: Device with no driver: device/console/0
Freeing unused kernel memory: 284k freed
Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 4424k
thermal: Unknown symbol acpi_processor_set_thermal_limit
SCSI subsystem initialized
libata version 3.00 loaded.
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver
xor: automatically using best checksumming function: generic_sse
generic_sse: 7139.000 MB/sec
xor: using function: generic_sse (7139.000 MB/sec)
async_tx: api initialized (async)
raid6: int64x1 2341 MB/s
raid6: int64x2 3127 MB/s
raid6: int64x4 2493 MB/s
raid6: int64x8 2088 MB/s
raid6: sse2x1 4780 MB/s
raid6: sse2x2 5075 MB/s
raid6: sse2x4 7975 MB/s
raid6: using algorithm sse2x4 (7975 MB/s)
md: raid6 personality registered for level 6
md: raid5 personality registered for level 5
md: raid4 personality registered for level 4
device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3
device-mapper: ioctl: 4.14.0-ioctl (2008-04-23) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
BIOS EDD facility v0.16 2004-Jun-25, 0 devices found
EDD information not available.
netfront: Initialising virtual ethernet driver.
xen-vbd: registered block device major 202
blkfront: xvda: barriers enabled
xvda: xvda1 xvda2 < xvda5 >
udevd version 128 started
md: raid0 personality registered for level 0
md: raid1 personality registered for level 1
md: linear personality registered for level -1
kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3 FS on xvda1, internal journal
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
blkfront: xvda: write barrier op failed
blkfront: xvda: barriers disabled
end_request: I/O error, dev xvda, sector 19664999
end_request: I/O error, dev xvda, sector 19664999
JBD: barrier-based sync failed on xvda1 - disabling barriers
udevd version 125 started
rtc_cmos rtc_cmos: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0
Linux video capture interface: v2.00
saa7146: register extension ''dvb''.
dvb 0000:00:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
saa7146: found saa7146 @ mem ffffc20000232000 (revision 1, irq 19)
(0x13c2,0x0003).
firmware: requesting dvb-ttpci-01.fw
DVB: registering new adapter (Technotrend/Hauppauge WinTV Nexus-S
rev2.X)
adapter has MAC addr = 00:d0:5c:1f:e1:22
dvb-ttpci: gpioirq unknown type=0 len=0
dvb-ttpci: info @ card 0: firm f0240009, rtsl b0250018, vid 71010068,
app 80002622
dvb-ttpci: firmware @ card 0 supports CI link layer interface
dvb-ttpci: adac type set to 0 @ card 0
saa7146_vv: saa7146 (0): registered device video0 [v4l2]
saa7146_vv: saa7146 (0): registered device vbi0 [v4l2]
DVB: registering frontend 0 (ST STV0299 DVB-S)...
input: DVB on-card IR receiver as /devices/xen/pci-0/
pci0000:00/0000:00:00.0/input/input2
dvb-ttpci: found av7110-0.
Adding 915664k swap on /dev/xvda5. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:915664k
JBD: barrier-based sync failed on xvda1 - disabling barriers
EXT3 FS on xvda1, internal journal
loop: module loaded
JBD: barrier-based sync failed on xvda1 - disabling barriers
NET: Registered protocol family 10
lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions
eth0: no IPv6 routers present
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=======================================================================
asterix:~# uname -a
Linux asterix 2.6.27.25-0.1-xen #1 SMP 2009-07-01 15:37:09 +0200
x86_64 GNU/Linux
(Suse-Kernel)
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=======================================================================
asterix:~# lsmod
Module Size Used by
ipv6 293048 12
loop 17108 0
stv0299 11280 1
ves1x93 7116 0
dvb_ttpci 102688 18
dvb_core 87836 2 stv0299,dvb_ttpci
saa7146_vv 49368 1 dvb_ttpci
saa7146 18112 2 dvb_ttpci,saa7146_vv
videobuf_dma_sg 14412 1 saa7146_vv
videobuf_core 20748 2 saa7146_vv,videobuf_dma_sg
videodev 35328 1 saa7146_vv
v4l1_compat 14220 2 saa7146_vv,videodev
ttpci_eeprom 2520 1 dvb_ttpci
i2c_core 35376 4 stv0299,ves1x93,dvb_ttpci,ttpci_eeprom
joydev 11968 0
rtc_core 22132 0
rtc_lib 3560 1 rtc_core
linear 5144 0
raid1 22728 0
raid0 6840 0
dm_snapshot 17976 0
xenblk 23996 3
cdrom 36184 1 xenblk
xennet 39568 0
dm_mod 74656 1 dm_snapshot
raid456 144416 0
async_xor 5400 1 raid456
async_memcpy 3368 1 raid456
async_tx 9788 3 raid456,async_xor,async_memcpy
xor 6248 2 raid456,async_xor
ext3 141080 1
mbcache 9932 1 ext3
jbd 64264 1 ext3
ide_pci_generic 4652 0
ide_core 117884 1 ide_pci_generic
ata_piix 21996 0
ahci 34612 0
ata_generic 6044 0
libata 183664 3 ata_piix,ahci,ata_generic
scsi_mod 179240 1 libata
dock 14372 1 libata
thermal_sys 14368 0
hwmon 3864 1 thermal_sys
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=======================================================================
asterix:~# df
Dateisystem 1K‐Blöcke Benutzt Verfügbar Ben% Eingehängt
auf
/dev/xvda1 19734388 2246052 16485884 12% /
tmpfs 269348 0 269348 0% /lib/init/rw
udev 269348 68 269280 1% /dev
tmpfs 269348 0 269348 0% /dev/shm
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