R help - May 2013 - Linebreaks in cat() functions that call other variables?

Hi everyone,

I'm having some difficulty getting the linebreaks I want with the cat()
function.

I currently have the following function:

lab1<-function(iv,dv){
  a<-anova(lm(dv~iv))
  cat("df(between) is",a[1,1])
  cat("df(within) is", a[2,1])
  cat("ss(between) is", a[1,2])
  cat("ss(within) is", a[2,2])
}

And I want my output to be:

df(between) is 4
df(within) is 45
ss(between) is 232
ss(within) is 400

but instead it prints:
df(between) is 4df(within) is 45ss(between) is 232ss(within) is 400


I have seen other people ask about this issue, but only in the context of
character strings. I understand that if i wanted the output:

Happy birthday
to you 

the correct input would be
>cat("Happy birthday\ntoyou")
However applying the same logic to my string returns an
error:
> cat("df(between) is",a[1,1],\n"df(within) is", a[2,1])
Error: unexpected input in "cat("df(between)
is",a[1,1],\"
> cat("df(between) is",a[1,1]\n"df(within) is", a[2,1])
Error: unexpected input in "cat("df(between) is",a[1,1]\"

Adding the command 'sep="\n"' to the end of each cat()
returns:

df(between) is 
4
df(within) is 
45
ss(between) is 
232
ss(within) is 
400

which is not quite as ugly, but I would still prefer the 4 line format I
posted at the beginning.

Can anyone help?



--
View this message in context:
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Linebreaks-in-cat-functions-that-call-other-variables-tp4667748.html
Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.

The only permutation you likely didn't try:
>> cat("df(between) is", a[1,1], "\ndf(within) is", 
a[2,1])
\n has to be inside the quotes.  HTH. Bryan

On May 22, 2013, at 4:34 PM, jordanbrace <r24jcb at mun.ca> wrote:
> Hi everyone,
> 
> I'm having some difficulty getting the linebreaks I want with the cat()
> function.
> 
> I currently have the following function:
> 
> lab1<-function(iv,dv){
>  a<-anova(lm(dv~iv))
>  cat("df(between) is",a[1,1])
>  cat("df(within) is", a[2,1])
>  cat("ss(between) is", a[1,2])
>  cat("ss(within) is", a[2,2])
> }
> 
> And I want my output to be:
> 
> df(between) is 4
> df(within) is 45
> ss(between) is 232
> ss(within) is 400
> 
> but instead it prints:
> df(between) is 4df(within) is 45ss(between) is 232ss(within) is 400
> 
> 
> I have seen other people ask about this issue, but only in the context of
> character strings. I understand that if i wanted the output:
> 
> Happy birthday
> to you 
> 
> the correct input would be
>> cat("Happy birthday\ntoyou")
> 
> However applying the same logic to my string returns an error:
>> cat("df(between) is",a[1,1],\n"df(within) is",
a[2,1])
> Error: unexpected input in "cat("df(between)
is",a[1,1],\"
>> cat("df(between) is",a[1,1]\n"df(within) is",
a[2,1])
> Error: unexpected input in "cat("df(between)
is",a[1,1]\"
> 
> Adding the command 'sep="\n"' to the end of each cat()
returns:
> 
> df(between) is 
> 4
> df(within) is 
> 45
> ss(between) is 
> 232
> ss(within) is 
> 400
> 
> which is not quite as ugly, but I would still prefer the 4 line format I
> posted at the beginning.
> 
> Can anyone help?
> 
> 
> 
> --
> View this message in context:
http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/Linebreaks-in-cat-functions-that-call-other-variables-tp4667748.html
> Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
> 
> ______________________________________________
> R-help at r-project.org mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.

HI,
Try:

lab2<- function(var1,var2,data1){
?a<- anova(lm(var2~var1,data=data1))
cat("df(between) is",a[1,1],"\n")
? cat("df(within) is", a[2,1],"\n")
? cat("ss(between) is", a[1,2],"\n")
? cat("ss(within) is", a[2,2],"\n")
?}

#or
lab3<- function(var1,var2,data1){
?a<- anova(lm(var2~var1,data=data1))
cat(paste(paste("df(between) is",a1[1,1]),paste("df(within)
is",a1[2,1]),paste("ss(between)
is",a1[1,2]),paste("ss(within) is", a1[2,2]),sep="\n"))
?}

set.seed(28)
?dat1<-
data.frame(Val=c(rnorm(10,25),rnorm(10,20),rnorm(10,22.5)),Group=rep(1:3,each=10))
dat1$Group<- factor(dat1$Group)
lab3(dat1$Group,dat1$Val,dat1)
#df(between) is 2
#df(within) is 27
#ss(between) is 109.581925181783
#ss(within) is 27.5035727619943> 

lab2(dat1$Group,dat1$Val,dat1)
#df(between) is 2 
#df(within) is 27 
#ss(between) is 109.5819 
#ss(within) is 27.50357 

A.K.


Hi everyone, 

I'm having some difficulty getting the linebreaks I want with the cat()
function.

I currently have the following function: 

lab1<-function(iv,dv){ 
? a<-anova(lm(dv~iv)) 
? cat("df(between) is",a[1,1]) 
? cat("df(within) is", a[2,1]) 
? cat("ss(between) is", a[1,2]) 
? cat("ss(within) is", a[2,2]) 
} 

And I want my output to be: 

df(between) is 4 
df(within) is 45 
ss(between) is 232 
ss(within) is 400 

but instead it prints: 
df(between) is 4df(within) is 45ss(between) is 232ss(within) is 400 


I have seen other people ask about this issue, but only in 
the context of character strings. I understand that if i wanted the 
output: 

Happy birthday 
to you 

the correct input would be 
>cat("Happy birthday\ntoyou") 
However applying the same logic to my string returns an error:
> cat("df(between) is",a[1,1],\n"df(within) is", a[2,1]) 
Error: unexpected input in "cat("df(between) is",a[1,1],\"
> cat("df(between) is",a[1,1]\n"df(within) is", a[2,1]) 
Error: unexpected input in "cat("df(between) is",a[1,1]\" 

Adding the command 'sep="\n"' to the end of each cat()
returns:

df(between) is 
4 
df(within) is 
45 
ss(between) is 
232 
ss(within) is 
400 

which is not quite as ugly, but I would still prefer the 4 line format I posted
at the beginning.

Can anyone help?