Dear R users, I am a new R user and have some difficulty understanding the functioning of “outer”, where my question is from. I have read the posts related to the questions on the outer function, but unfortunately could not figure out where my mistake is. I have a function with two variables and three parameters (a density function that is not standard) and I want to draw the contourplot along two parameters while keeping the third fixed. When I run the program it gives an error which is due to the outer function. I have tested the program with another simpler function and it works. So, I know that the problem is in the function that I have written. Below I copy the error and the part of the program (the function) which causes the error: Error: outer(par1, par2, y1, y2, FUN = function.subplot, KERNEL = KERNEL,: dims [product 25921] [1] does not match the length of the object. par1 <- seq(-3,3,0.1) par2<- seq(-3,3,0.1) x<-cbind(par1,par2) # par1:parameter1, par2: parameter2, sigma is the third parameter that I fix densityfunction <- function(x, y1,y2, sigma=0.2){ # y1 and y2: the data x <- matrix(x, nrow = 1) function.value <- 0 for (i in 1:T){ # T: the length of the data k <- y1[i] - x[,2]*y2[i] - (1-x[,2])*x[,1] kk <- t(k)%*%k density <- -((T+2)/2)*log(sigma^2) - (kk/(2*(sigma^2))) function.value <- function.value + density as.vector(function.value) return(function.value) } } Thank you very much in advance for your suggestions. Best regards, P. [[alternative HTML version deleted]]