Richard: Were you able to locate a reference for the distribution of the kappa statistic. I cannot find one anywhere. Is the distribution known? There are many programs for generating the exact distribution of the statistics for a given set of marginals, but I have never seen a reference for the distribution of kappa. Any information you can provide would be most appreciated. Albert Kingman, PhD 6701 Democracy Blvd, Rm 628 Bethesda, MD 20892-4878 telephone (301) 594-4820 FAX: (301) 480-8322