Alex Olssen
2011-May-06 12:29 UTC
[R] maximum likelihood convergence reproducing Anderson Blundell 1982 Econometrica R vs Stata
Dear R-help, I am trying to reproduce some results presented in a paper by Anderson and Blundell in 1982 in Econometrica using R. The estimation I want to reproduce concerns maximum likelihood estimation of a singular equation system. I can estimate the static model successfully in Stata but for the dynamic models I have difficulty getting convergence. My R program which uses the same likelihood function as in Stata has convergence properties even for the static case. I have copied my R program and the data below. I realise the code could be made more elegant - but it is short enough. Any ideas would be highly appreciated. ## model 18 lnl <- function(theta,y1, y2, x1, x2, x3) { n <- length(y1) beta <- theta[1:8] e1 <- y1 - theta[1] - theta[2]*x1 - theta[3]*x2 - theta[4]*x3 e2 <- y2 - theta[5] - theta[6]*x1 - theta[7]*x2 - theta[8]*x3 e <- cbind(e1, e2) sigma <- t(e)%*%e logl <- -1*n/2*(2*(1+log(2*pi)) + log(det(sigma))) return(-logl) } p <- optim(0*c(1:8), lnl, method="BFGS", hessian=TRUE, y1=y1, y2=y2, x1=x1, x2=x2, x3=x3) "year","y1","y2","x1","x2","x3" 1929,0.554779,0.266051,9.87415,8.60371,3.75673 1930,0.516336,0.297473,9.68621,8.50492,3.80692 1931,0.508201,0.324199,9.4701,8.27596,3.80437 1932,0.500482,0.33958,9.24692,7.99221,3.76251 1933,0.501695,0.276974,9.35356,7.98968,3.69071 1934,0.591426,0.287008,9.42084,8.0362,3.63564 1935,0.565047,0.244096,9.53972,8.15803,3.59285 1936,0.605954,0.239187,9.6914,8.32009,3.56678 1937,0.620161,0.218232,9.76817,8.42001,3.57381 1938,0.592091,0.243161,9.51295,8.19771,3.6024 1939,0.613115,0.217042,9.68047,8.30987,3.58147 1940,0.632455,0.215269,9.78417,8.49624,3.57744 1941,0.663139,0.184409,10.0606,8.69868,3.6095 1942,0.698179,0.164348,10.2892,8.84523,3.66664 1943,0.70459,0.146865,10.4731,8.93024,3.65388 1944,0.694067,0.161722,10.4465,8.96044,3.62434 1945,0.674668,0.197231,10.279,8.82522,3.61489 1946,0.635916,0.204232,10.1536,8.77547,3.67562 1947,0.642855,0.187224,10.2053,8.77481,3.82632 1948,0.641063,0.186566,10.2227,8.83821,3.96038 1949,0.646317,0.203646,10.1127,8.82364,4.0447 1950,0.645476,0.187497,10.2067,8.84161,4.08128 1951,0.63803,0.197361,10.2773,8.9401,4.10951 1952,0.634626,0.209992,10.283,9.01603,4.1693 1953,0.631144,0.219287,10.3217,9.06317,4.21727 1954,0.593088,0.235335,10.2101,9.05664,4.2567 1955,0.60736,0.227035,10.272,9.07566,4.29193 1956,0.607204,0.246631,10.2743,9.12407,4.32252 1957,0.586994,0.256784,10.2396,9.1588,4.37792 1958,0.548281,0.271022,10.1248,9.14025,4.42641 1959,0.553401,0.261815,10.2012,9.1598,4.4346 1960,0.552105,0.275137,10.1846,9.19297,4.43173 1961,0.544133,0.280783,10.1479,9.19533,4.44407 1962,0.55382,0.281286,10.197,9.21544,4.45074 1963,0.549951,0.28303,10.2036,9.22841,4.46403 1964,0.547204,0.291287,10.2271,9.23954,4.48447 1965,0.55511,0.281313,10.2882,9.26531,4.52057 1966,0.558182,0.280151,10.353,9.31675,4.58156 1967,0.545735,0.294385,10.3351,9.35382,4.65983 1968,0.538964,0.294593,10.3525,9.38361,4.71804 1969,0.542764,0.299927,10.3676,9.40725,4.76329 1970,0.534595,0.315319,10.2968,9.39139,4.81136 1971,0.545591,0.315828,10.2592,9.34121,4.84082
peter dalgaard
2011-May-07 08:46 UTC
[R] maximum likelihood convergence reproducing Anderson Blundell 1982 Econometrica R vs Stata
On May 6, 2011, at 14:29 , Alex Olssen wrote:> Dear R-help, > > I am trying to reproduce some results presented in a paper by Anderson > and Blundell in 1982 in Econometrica using R. > The estimation I want to reproduce concerns maximum likelihood > estimation of a singular equation system. > I can estimate the static model successfully in Stata but for the > dynamic models I have difficulty getting convergence. > My R program which uses the same likelihood function as in Stata has > convergence properties even for the static case. > > I have copied my R program and the data below. I realise the code > could be made more elegant - but it is short enough. > > Any ideas would be highly appreciated.Better starting values would help. In this case, almost too good values are available: start <- c(coef(lm(y1~x1+x2+x3)), coef(lm(y2~x1+x2+x3))) which appears to be the _exact_ solution. Apart from that, it seems that the conjugate gradient methods have difficulties with this likelihood, for some less than obvious reason. Increasing the maxit gets you closer but still not satisfactory. I would suggest trying out the experimental optimx package. Apparently, some of the algorithms in there are much better at handling this likelihood, notably "nlm" and "nlminb".> > ## model 18 > lnl <- function(theta,y1, y2, x1, x2, x3) { > n <- length(y1) > beta <- theta[1:8] > e1 <- y1 - theta[1] - theta[2]*x1 - theta[3]*x2 - theta[4]*x3 > e2 <- y2 - theta[5] - theta[6]*x1 - theta[7]*x2 - theta[8]*x3 > e <- cbind(e1, e2) > sigma <- t(e)%*%e > logl <- -1*n/2*(2*(1+log(2*pi)) + log(det(sigma))) > return(-logl) > } > p <- optim(0*c(1:8), lnl, method="BFGS", hessian=TRUE, y1=y1, y2=y2, > x1=x1, x2=x2, x3=x3) > > "year","y1","y2","x1","x2","x3" > 1929,0.554779,0.266051,9.87415,8.60371,3.75673 > 1930,0.516336,0.297473,9.68621,8.50492,3.80692 > 1931,0.508201,0.324199,9.4701,8.27596,3.80437 > 1932,0.500482,0.33958,9.24692,7.99221,3.76251 > 1933,0.501695,0.276974,9.35356,7.98968,3.69071 > 1934,0.591426,0.287008,9.42084,8.0362,3.63564 > 1935,0.565047,0.244096,9.53972,8.15803,3.59285 > 1936,0.605954,0.239187,9.6914,8.32009,3.56678 > 1937,0.620161,0.218232,9.76817,8.42001,3.57381 > 1938,0.592091,0.243161,9.51295,8.19771,3.6024 > 1939,0.613115,0.217042,9.68047,8.30987,3.58147 > 1940,0.632455,0.215269,9.78417,8.49624,3.57744 > 1941,0.663139,0.184409,10.0606,8.69868,3.6095 > 1942,0.698179,0.164348,10.2892,8.84523,3.66664 > 1943,0.70459,0.146865,10.4731,8.93024,3.65388 > 1944,0.694067,0.161722,10.4465,8.96044,3.62434 > 1945,0.674668,0.197231,10.279,8.82522,3.61489 > 1946,0.635916,0.204232,10.1536,8.77547,3.67562 > 1947,0.642855,0.187224,10.2053,8.77481,3.82632 > 1948,0.641063,0.186566,10.2227,8.83821,3.96038 > 1949,0.646317,0.203646,10.1127,8.82364,4.0447 > 1950,0.645476,0.187497,10.2067,8.84161,4.08128 > 1951,0.63803,0.197361,10.2773,8.9401,4.10951 > 1952,0.634626,0.209992,10.283,9.01603,4.1693 > 1953,0.631144,0.219287,10.3217,9.06317,4.21727 > 1954,0.593088,0.235335,10.2101,9.05664,4.2567 > 1955,0.60736,0.227035,10.272,9.07566,4.29193 > 1956,0.607204,0.246631,10.2743,9.12407,4.32252 > 1957,0.586994,0.256784,10.2396,9.1588,4.37792 > 1958,0.548281,0.271022,10.1248,9.14025,4.42641 > 1959,0.553401,0.261815,10.2012,9.1598,4.4346 > 1960,0.552105,0.275137,10.1846,9.19297,4.43173 > 1961,0.544133,0.280783,10.1479,9.19533,4.44407 > 1962,0.55382,0.281286,10.197,9.21544,4.45074 > 1963,0.549951,0.28303,10.2036,9.22841,4.46403 > 1964,0.547204,0.291287,10.2271,9.23954,4.48447 > 1965,0.55511,0.281313,10.2882,9.26531,4.52057 > 1966,0.558182,0.280151,10.353,9.31675,4.58156 > 1967,0.545735,0.294385,10.3351,9.35382,4.65983 > 1968,0.538964,0.294593,10.3525,9.38361,4.71804 > 1969,0.542764,0.299927,10.3676,9.40725,4.76329 > 1970,0.534595,0.315319,10.2968,9.39139,4.81136 > 1971,0.545591,0.315828,10.2592,9.34121,4.84082 > > ______________________________________________ > R-help at r-project.org mailing list > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.-- Peter Dalgaard Center for Statistics, Copenhagen Business School Solbjerg Plads 3, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark Phone: (+45)38153501 Email: pd.mes at cbs.dk Priv: PDalgd at gmail.com
Ravi Varadhan
2011-May-07 15:51 UTC
[R] maximum likelihood convergence reproducing Anderson Blundell 1982 Econometrica R vs Stata
There is something strange in this problem. I think the log-likelihood is incorrect. See the results below from "optimx". You can get much larger log-likelihood values than for the exact solution that Peter provided. ## model 18 lnl <- function(theta,y1, y2, x1, x2, x3) { n <- length(y1) beta <- theta[1:8] e1 <- y1 - theta[1] - theta[2]*x1 - theta[3]*x2 - theta[4]*x3 e2 <- y2 - theta[5] - theta[6]*x1 - theta[7]*x2 - theta[8]*x3 e <- cbind(e1, e2) sigma <- t(e)%*%e logl <- -1*n/2*(2*(1+log(2*pi)) + log(det(sigma))) # it looks like there is something wrong here return(-logl) } data <- read.table("e:/computing/optimx_example.dat", header=TRUE, sep=",") attach(data) require(optimx) start <- c(coef(lm(y1~x1+x2+x3)), coef(lm(y2~x1+x2+x3))) # the warnings can be safely ignored in the "optimx" calls p1 <- optimx(start, lnl, hessian=TRUE, y1=y1, y2=y2, + x1=x1, x2=x2, x3=x3, control=list(all.methods=TRUE, maxit=1500)) p2 <- optimx(rep(0,8), lnl, hessian=TRUE, y1=y1, y2=y2, + x1=x1, x2=x2, x3=x3, control=list(all.methods=TRUE, maxit=1500)) p3 <- optimx(rep(0.5,8), lnl, hessian=TRUE, y1=y1, y2=y2, + x1=x1, x2=x2, x3=x3, control=list(all.methods=TRUE, maxit=1500)) Ravi. ________________________________________ From: r-help-bounces at r-project.org [r-help-bounces at r-project.org] On Behalf Of peter dalgaard [pdalgd at gmail.com] Sent: Saturday, May 07, 2011 4:46 AM To: Alex Olssen Cc: r-help at r-project.org Subject: Re: [R] maximum likelihood convergence reproducing Anderson Blundell 1982 Econometrica R vs Stata On May 6, 2011, at 14:29 , Alex Olssen wrote:> Dear R-help, > > I am trying to reproduce some results presented in a paper by Anderson > and Blundell in 1982 in Econometrica using R. > The estimation I want to reproduce concerns maximum likelihood > estimation of a singular equation system. > I can estimate the static model successfully in Stata but for the > dynamic models I have difficulty getting convergence. > My R program which uses the same likelihood function as in Stata has > convergence properties even for the static case. > > I have copied my R program and the data below. I realise the code > could be made more elegant - but it is short enough. > > Any ideas would be highly appreciated.Better starting values would help. In this case, almost too good values are available: start <- c(coef(lm(y1~x1+x2+x3)), coef(lm(y2~x1+x2+x3))) which appears to be the _exact_ solution. Apart from that, it seems that the conjugate gradient methods have difficulties with this likelihood, for some less than obvious reason. Increasing the maxit gets you closer but still not satisfactory. I would suggest trying out the experimental optimx package. Apparently, some of the algorithms in there are much better at handling this likelihood, notably "nlm" and "nlminb".> > ## model 18 > lnl <- function(theta,y1, y2, x1, x2, x3) { > n <- length(y1) > beta <- theta[1:8] > e1 <- y1 - theta[1] - theta[2]*x1 - theta[3]*x2 - theta[4]*x3 > e2 <- y2 - theta[5] - theta[6]*x1 - theta[7]*x2 - theta[8]*x3 > e <- cbind(e1, e2) > sigma <- t(e)%*%e > logl <- -1*n/2*(2*(1+log(2*pi)) + log(det(sigma))) > return(-logl) > } > p <- optim(0*c(1:8), lnl, method="BFGS", hessian=TRUE, y1=y1, y2=y2, > x1=x1, x2=x2, x3=x3) > > "year","y1","y2","x1","x2","x3" > 1929,0.554779,0.266051,9.87415,8.60371,3.75673 > 1930,0.516336,0.297473,9.68621,8.50492,3.80692 > 1931,0.508201,0.324199,9.4701,8.27596,3.80437 > 1932,0.500482,0.33958,9.24692,7.99221,3.76251 > 1933,0.501695,0.276974,9.35356,7.98968,3.69071 > 1934,0.591426,0.287008,9.42084,8.0362,3.63564 > 1935,0.565047,0.244096,9.53972,8.15803,3.59285 > 1936,0.605954,0.239187,9.6914,8.32009,3.56678 > 1937,0.620161,0.218232,9.76817,8.42001,3.57381 > 1938,0.592091,0.243161,9.51295,8.19771,3.6024 > 1939,0.613115,0.217042,9.68047,8.30987,3.58147 > 1940,0.632455,0.215269,9.78417,8.49624,3.57744 > 1941,0.663139,0.184409,10.0606,8.69868,3.6095 > 1942,0.698179,0.164348,10.2892,8.84523,3.66664 > 1943,0.70459,0.146865,10.4731,8.93024,3.65388 > 1944,0.694067,0.161722,10.4465,8.96044,3.62434 > 1945,0.674668,0.197231,10.279,8.82522,3.61489 > 1946,0.635916,0.204232,10.1536,8.77547,3.67562 > 1947,0.642855,0.187224,10.2053,8.77481,3.82632 > 1948,0.641063,0.186566,10.2227,8.83821,3.96038 > 1949,0.646317,0.203646,10.1127,8.82364,4.0447 > 1950,0.645476,0.187497,10.2067,8.84161,4.08128 > 1951,0.63803,0.197361,10.2773,8.9401,4.10951 > 1952,0.634626,0.209992,10.283,9.01603,4.1693 > 1953,0.631144,0.219287,10.3217,9.06317,4.21727 > 1954,0.593088,0.235335,10.2101,9.05664,4.2567 > 1955,0.60736,0.227035,10.272,9.07566,4.29193 > 1956,0.607204,0.246631,10.2743,9.12407,4.32252 > 1957,0.586994,0.256784,10.2396,9.1588,4.37792 > 1958,0.548281,0.271022,10.1248,9.14025,4.42641 > 1959,0.553401,0.261815,10.2012,9.1598,4.4346 > 1960,0.552105,0.275137,10.1846,9.19297,4.43173 > 1961,0.544133,0.280783,10.1479,9.19533,4.44407 > 1962,0.55382,0.281286,10.197,9.21544,4.45074 > 1963,0.549951,0.28303,10.2036,9.22841,4.46403 > 1964,0.547204,0.291287,10.2271,9.23954,4.48447 > 1965,0.55511,0.281313,10.2882,9.26531,4.52057 > 1966,0.558182,0.280151,10.353,9.31675,4.58156 > 1967,0.545735,0.294385,10.3351,9.35382,4.65983 > 1968,0.538964,0.294593,10.3525,9.38361,4.71804 > 1969,0.542764,0.299927,10.3676,9.40725,4.76329 > 1970,0.534595,0.315319,10.2968,9.39139,4.81136 > 1971,0.545591,0.315828,10.2592,9.34121,4.84082 > > ______________________________________________ > R-help at r-project.org mailing list > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.-- Peter Dalgaard Center for Statistics, Copenhagen Business School Solbjerg Plads 3, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark Phone: (+45)38153501 Email: pd.mes at cbs.dk Priv: PDalgd at gmail.com ______________________________________________ R-help at r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
peter dalgaard
2011-May-09 07:04 UTC
[R] maximum likelihood convergence reproducing Anderson Blundell 1982 Econometrica R vs Stata
On May 9, 2011, at 06:07 , Alex Olssen wrote:> Thank you all for your input. > > Unfortunately my problem is not yet resolved. Before I respond to > individual comments I make a clarification: > > In Stata, using the same likelihood function as above, I can reproduce > EXACTLY (to 3 decimal places or more, which is exactly considering I > am using different software) the results from model 8 of the paper. > > I take this as an indication that I am using the same likelihood > function as the authors, and that it does indeed work. > The reason I am trying to estimate the model in R is because while > Stata reproduces model 8 perfectly it has convergence > difficulties for some of the other models. > > Peter Dalgaard, > > "Better starting values would help. In this case, almost too good > values are available: > > start <- c(coef(lm(y1~x1+x2+x3)), coef(lm(y2~x1+x2+x3))) > > which appears to be the _exact_ solution." > > Thanks for the suggestion. Using these starting values produces the > exact estimate that Dave Fournier emailed me. > If these are the exact solution then why did the author publish > different answers which are completely reproducible in > Stata and Tsp?Ahem! You might get us interested in your problem, but not to the level that we are going to install Stata and Tsp and actually dig out and study the scientific paper you are talking about. Please cite the results and explain the differences. Are we maximizing over the same parameter space? You say that the estimates from the paper gives a log-likelihood of 54.04, but the exact solution clocked in at 76.74, which in my book is rather larger. Confused.... -p> > Ravi, > > Thanks for introducing optimx to me, I am new to R. I completely > agree that you can get higher log-likelihood values > than what those obtained with optim and the starting values suggested > by Peter. In fact, in Stata, when I reproduce > the results of model 8 to more than 3 dp I get a log-likelihood of 54.039139. > > Furthermore if I estimate model 8 without symmetry imposed on the > system I reproduce the Likelihood Ratio reported > in the paper to 3 decimal places as well, suggesting that the > log-likelihoods I am reporting differ from those in the paper > only due to a constant. > > Thanks for your comments, > > I am still highly interested in knowing why the results of the > optimisation in R are so different to those in Stata? > > I might try making my convergence requirements more stringent. > > Kind regards, > > Alex-- Peter Dalgaard Center for Statistics, Copenhagen Business School Solbjerg Plads 3, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark Phone: (+45)38153501 Email: pd.mes at cbs.dk Priv: PDalgd at gmail.com
I wonder if someone with more experience than me on using R to summarise by group wants to post a reply to this http://www.analyticbridge.com/group/sasandstatisticalprogramming/forum/t opics/why-still-use-sas-with-a-lot To save everyone having to follow the link, the text is copied below "SAS has some nice features, such as the SQL procedure or simple "group by" features. Try to compute correlations "by group" in R: say you have 2,000 groups, 2 variables e.g. salary and education level, and 2 million observations - you want to compute correlation between salary and education within each group. It is not obvious, your best bet is to use some R package (see sample code on Analyticbridge to do it), and the solution is painful, you can not return both correlation and stdev "by group", as the function can return only one argument, not a vector. So if you want to return not just two, but say 100 metrics, it becomes a nightmare." ________________________________________________________________________ The Numerical Algorithms Group Ltd is a company registered in England and Wales with company number 1249803. The registered office is: Wilkinson House, Jordan Hill Road, Oxford OX2 8DR, United Kingdom. This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star. Th...{{dropped:4}}
Alex Olssen
2011-May-09 10:06 UTC
[R] maximum likelihood convergence reproducing Anderson Blundell 1982 Econometrica R vs Stata
Peter said "Ahem! You might get us interested in your problem, but not to the level that we are going to install Stata and Tsp and actually dig out and study the scientific paper you are talking about. Please cite the results and explain the differences." Apologies Peter, will do, The results which I can emulate in Stata but not (yet) in R are reported below. They come from Econometrica Vol. 50, No. 6 (Nov., 1982), pp. 1569 TABLE II - model 18s coef std err p10 -0.19 0.078 p11 0.220 0.019 p12 -0.148 0.021 p13 -0.072 p20 0.893 0.072 p21 -0.148 p22 0.050 0.035 p23 0.098 The results which I produced in Stata are reported below. I spent the last hour rewriting the code to reproduce this - since I am now at home and not at work :( My results are "identical" to those published. The estimates are for a 3 equation symmetrical singular system. I have not bothered to report symmetrical results and have backed out an extra estimate using adding up constraints. I have also backed out all standard errors using the delta method. . ereturn display ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Coef. Std. Err. z P>|z| [95% Conf. Interval] -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- a | a1 | -.0188115 .0767759 -0.25 0.806 -.1692895 .1316664 a2 | .8926598 .0704068 12.68 0.000 .7546651 1.030655 a3 | .1261517 .0590193 2.14 0.033 .010476 .2418275 -------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- g | g11 | .2199442 .0184075 11.95 0.000 .183866 .2560223 g12 | -.1476856 .0211982 -6.97 0.000 -.1892334 -.1061378 g13 | -.0722586 .0145154 -4.98 0.000 -.1007082 -.0438089 g22 | .0496865 .0348052 1.43 0.153 -.0185305 .1179034 g23 | .0979991 .0174397 5.62 0.000 .0638179 .1321803 g33 | -.0257405 .0113869 -2.26 0.024 -.0480584 -.0034226 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ In R I cannot get results like this - I think it is probably to do with my inability at using the optimisers well. Any pointers would be appreciated. Peter said "Are we maximizing over the same parameter space? You say that the estimates from the paper gives a log-likelihood of 54.04, but the exact solution clocked in at 76.74, which in my book is rather larger." I meant +54.04 > -76.74. It is quite common to get positive log-likelihoods in these system estimation. Kind regards, Alex On 9 May 2011 19:04, peter dalgaard <pdalgd at gmail.com> wrote:> > On May 9, 2011, at 06:07 , Alex Olssen wrote: > >> Thank you all for your input. >> >> Unfortunately my problem is not yet resolved. ?Before I respond to >> individual comments I make a clarification: >> >> In Stata, using the same likelihood function as above, I can reproduce >> EXACTLY (to 3 decimal places or more, which is exactly considering I >> am using different software) the results from model 8 of the paper. >> >> I take this as an indication that I am using the same likelihood >> function as the authors, and that it does indeed work. >> The reason I am trying to estimate the model in R is because while >> Stata reproduces model 8 perfectly it has convergence >> difficulties for some of the other models. >> >> Peter Dalgaard, >> >> "Better starting values would help. In this case, almost too good >> values are available: >> >> start <- c(coef(lm(y1~x1+x2+x3)), coef(lm(y2~x1+x2+x3))) >> >> which appears to be the _exact_ solution." >> >> Thanks for the suggestion. ?Using these starting values produces the >> exact estimate that Dave Fournier emailed me. >> If these are the exact solution then why did the author publish >> different answers which are completely reproducible in >> Stata and Tsp? > > > Ahem! You might get us interested in your problem, but not to the level that we are going to install Stata and Tsp and actually dig out and study the scientific paper you are talking about. Please cite the results and explain the differences. > > Are we maximizing over the same parameter space? You say that the estimates from the paper gives a log-likelihood of 54.04, but the exact solution clocked in at 76.74, which in my book is rather larger. > > Confused.... > > -p > > >> >> Ravi, >> >> Thanks for introducing optimx to me, I am new to R. ?I completely >> agree that you can get higher log-likelihood values >> than what those obtained with optim and the starting values suggested >> by Peter. ?In fact, in Stata, when I reproduce >> the results of model 8 to more than 3 dp I get a log-likelihood of 54.039139. >> >> Furthermore if I estimate model 8 without symmetry imposed on the >> system I reproduce the Likelihood Ratio reported >> in the paper to 3 decimal places as well, suggesting that the >> log-likelihoods I am reporting differ from those in the paper >> only due to a constant. >> >> Thanks for your comments, >> >> I am still highly interested in knowing why the results of the >> optimisation in R are so different to those in Stata? >> >> I might try making my convergence requirements more stringent. >> >> Kind regards, >> >> Alex > > -- > Peter Dalgaard > Center for Statistics, Copenhagen Business School > Solbjerg Plads 3, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark > Phone: (+45)38153501 > Email: pd.mes at cbs.dk ?Priv: PDalgd at gmail.com > >