Hello, I have a problem with fPortfolio recently. I am using below code: Data = read.table("hf.txt",header = TRUE,sep = "") Data = Data[, c("CA", "SS", "EM", "EMN", "ED", "DS", "MS", "RA", "FIA", "GM", "LSE", "MF", "SP500", "NASDAQ", "JPM")] d = as.timeSeries(Data) class(d) Spec = portfolioSpec() setNFrontierPoints(Spec) = 1000 setRiskFreeRate(Spec) = 3 Constraints = "both" Frontier = portfolioFrontier(d, Spec, Constraints) frontierPlot(Frontier, pch = 19, col = c("black", "grey"), add = FALSE, labels = TRUE, return = c("mean"), risk = c("Cov"), auto = TRUE, title = TRUE) ~~~~~~~~~~ About the frontierPlot code when I use Sigma in the risk code: frontierPlot(Frontier, pch = 19, col = c("black", "grey"), add = FALSE, labels = TRUE, return = c("mean"), risk = c("Sigma"), auto = TRUE, title = TRUE) ~~~~~~~~~~~~ there are the same plot!!! WHY? I use the different risk code Could you tell me what the problem is? much THANKS -- View this message in context: http://n4.nabble.com/About-the-risk-code-in-the-fportfolio-package-tp1461475p1461475.html Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.