Karl-Oskar Lindgren
2009-Dec-13 11:28 UTC
[R] How to control the skewness of a heteroscedastic variable?
Dear listusers, I don't know whether my problem is statistical or computational, but I hope I could recieve some help in either case. I'm currently working on a MC-simulation in which I would like to control the skewness of a heteroscedastic dependent variable defined as: y=d*z+sqrt(.5+.5*x^2)*e (eq.1) where d is a parameter and, z, x, and e are gamma r.vs. The variables x (the one creating the heteroscedasticity) and z are assumed to be positively correlated. I thought that since the two terms on the rhs of eq.1 are uncorrelated the 3rd central moment of y should equal the sum of the 3rd central moments of the two terms on the rhs. This seems to be correct as long as x and z in eq1 are uncorrelated. But if I make x and z correlated the 3rd moment of y exceeds the sum of the 3rd moments of the terms on the rhs. My problem is that I cannot understand why this is the case (there seems to be no linear correlation between z and the multiplicative error term). Is it my statistical understanding or my computational set-up that is flawed? Basically what I want to do is to control the skew of y in eq.1 in my simulations by varying the skew of e. Is that possible to do, and if so, how would that best be implemented in R? The code below provides an illustration of my problem in case my verbal explanation was difficult to follow. Regards, Karl-Oskar Lindgren Researcher Department of Government Uppsala University #An example: library(moments) set.seed(1234) #create two uncorrelated gamma variates z1<-rgamma(100000,5,scale=sqrt(1/5)) z1<-z-5*sqrt(1/5) x1<-rgamma(100000,10,scale=sqrt(1/10)) x1<-x1-10*sqrt(1/10) #create two correlated gamma variates R<-matrix(c(1,.5,.5,1),2,2) Y<-cbind(x1,z1)%*%chol(R) x2<-Y[,1] z2<-Y[,2] #create a gamma dist. error term e<-rgamma(100000,2,scale=sqrt(1/2)) e<-e-2*sqrt(1/2) #create the heteroscedasticity functions h1<-sqrt(.5+.5*x1^2) h2<-sqrt(.5+.5*x2^2) #create the heteroscedastic dependent variables y1<-.5*z1+h1*e y2<-.5*z2+h2*e #The 3rd moments of y1 and y2 differ moment(y1,3,central=T) moment(y2,3,central=T) #But the moments of terms on rhs seem to be the same moment(.5*z1,3,central=T) moment(.5*z2,3,central=T) moment(h1*e,3,central=T) moment(h2*e,3,central=T) #The corr bw z and the het. error terms #seems to be the same in the two cases var(h1*e,.5*z1) var(h2*e,.5*z2)
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