Dear all, I have a question on the use of GAM with repeated measures. My dataset is as follows: - a number of study areas where bird abundance has been determined. Counts have been performed in 3 consecutive years and there were 2 counts per year (i.e. in total 6 counts). - a number of environmental predictors that do not change over year Xi). When using a GLM, a repeated measures design would like: (for example) lme(Bird_abundance = study_area + count + X1 + X2 + X3,random = ~time|cow). However, I have found no analogue design for a GAM. For now, I have averaged my bird abundances but I wondered whether a more subtle and elegant strategy exists...? Many thanks, Diederik Diederik Strubbe Evolutionary Ecology Group Department of Biology, University of Antwerp Universiteitsplein 1 B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium http://webhost.ua.ac.be/deco tel : 32 3 820 23 85 [[alternative HTML version deleted]]