Dear all, I am using the package spatstat, for analysis of inter and intra species spatial patterns. PPPData is may ppp object, and I am using formulas like: Js<- Jcross(PPPData,"Aun","Qfa") plot(Js, sqrt(./pi)~r, ylab="L(r)", main="L function Aun,Qfa") Js<- Jest(PPPData) plot(Js, sqrt(./pi)~r, ylab="L(r)") Js<- Jcross(PPPData,"Aun","Qfa") plot(Js, sqrt(rs/pi)~r, ylab="L(r)", main="L function Aun,Qfa") The problem is that the resulting plots have theoretical line away from 0 value. Therefore I think I am not getting the correct L-function. which is the standardized Ripleys' K function and thus should have theoretical line (of CSR) at 0 (zero)..?! Could you please help me on this? Regards, Sara Mouro [[alternative HTML version deleted]]