In a classification problem with ordinal data (classes 1 - 4), I used multidimensional optimization to maximize gamma (Goodman's measure of association) between observations and predictions. This resulted in the following frequency table (rows = observations, columns = predictions): 1 2 3 4 sum 1 16993 1 4854 27 21875 2 1308 0 1691 120 3119 3 1427 1 4587 434 6449 4 289 0 1965 593 2847 sum 20017 2 13097 1174 Predictions for class 1 are fairly good, however, classes 2 and 4 are underrepresented and class 3 is overrepresented, as shown by the marginal sums. Is there any measure of association implemented in R that takes into account the prevalence of certain classes? Thanks for your help! Christof