Hello, using the lda-method from MASS-package I was wondering whether there is a built-in method for figuring out Wilks' Lambda? Searching the Web I found in the r-help archive a thread form june 2002, but it didn't help me. I understand I can use manova and its summary-method to get Wilks' Lambda on the screen, but I don't see the connection to lda from MASS. Or does summary( manova( df[ train] ~ classes[ train]),test="Wilks") produce Wilks Lambda as used in lda/MASS? In this case I would not know if an access like this lambda <- summary( manova( as.matrix(dataframe) ~ classes),test="Wilks")$stats[ 1,2] would give me Wilk's Lambda under all circumstances. I played a little with some data and found out this is not working every time. manova errors sometimes "residuals have rank x < y" where "y" equals ncol(df). But this shouln't impact Wilk's Lambda? Thanks for your help, till ________________________________________ Mehr Power f?r Ihre eMail - mit den neuen Leistungspaketen bei http://www.epost.de