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Yves Gauvreau

2001-Jan-24 13:11 UTC

[R] Object orientation?

Hi,

I wonder how one could implement the following idea in R if it''s
possible of
course. Say you have an object, lets call it MyO. I would like MyO to
provides both properties and methods, encapsulation in OOP terms I think. I
would like to access MyO properties (only) via functions like {get, let,
set}.

For example:

	MyO.get(PropertyName="default", [Index]); where Index defaults to
current
item
	MyO.let(PropertyName="default", Value)
	MyO.set(PropertyName="default", Value, [Index]); where Index defaults
to a
new item

Up to now there is no real problem as I could use the following construct
for these let and set methods or functions: MyO <-
MyO.let(PropertyName="ThisProperty", ThisValue).

But what I would like to be able to do in order to let or set (as above) one
of MyO properties for example is only use:
MyO.let(PropertyName="ThisProperty", ThisValue).

So my question is: Can this be done in a proper and acceptable R fashion?

I know I could use super assign (<<-) but I think some say it''s
best
avoided.

Thanks for your time.

Yves Gauvreau
B.E.F.P. Universit? du Qu?bec ? Montr?al
cyg at sympatico.ca

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Martyn Plummer

2001-Jan-24 13:38 UTC

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[R] Object orientation?

Have you looked at the scoping demo in source directory demos/language?
I think this will show you how to do it.
Martyn

On 24-Jan-01 Yves Gauvreau wrote:> Hi,
> 
> I wonder how one could implement the following idea in R if it''s
possible of
> course. Say you have an object, lets call it MyO. I would like MyO to
> provides both properties and methods, encapsulation in OOP terms I think. I
> would like to access MyO properties (only) via functions like {get, let,
> set}.
> 
> For example:
> 
>       MyO.get(PropertyName="default", [Index]); where Index
defaults to
current> item
>       MyO.let(PropertyName="default", Value)
>       MyO.set(PropertyName="default", Value, [Index]); where
Index defaults
to a> new item
> 
> Up to now there is no real problem as I could use the following construct
> for these let and set methods or functions: MyO <-
> MyO.let(PropertyName="ThisProperty", ThisValue).
> 
> But what I would like to be able to do in order to let or set (as above)
one
> of MyO properties for example is only use:
> MyO.let(PropertyName="ThisProperty", ThisValue).
> 
> So my question is: Can this be done in a proper and acceptable R fashion?
> 
> I know I could use super assign (<<-) but I think some say
it''s best
> avoided.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-
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Yves Gauvreau

2001-Jan-24 13:59 UTC

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[R] R News

Hi

I must offer my most sincere congratulations for the excellent work of the
folks that produce the new R-News.

Felicitation.

Yves Gauvreau
B.E.F.P. Universite du Quebec a Montreal
cyg at sympatico.ca

P.S. GSVIEW 2.9 on my NT system gave an error attempting to display page 8.
Could be a glitch caused be downloading or ...

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Duncan Murdoch

2001-Jan-24 15:14 UTC

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[R] Object orientation?

I expect you could do something like

 let(MyO, ThisProperty = ThisValue)

with a declaration for the function like this:

  let <- function(obj, ...)
  {
     properties <- list(...)
     assign( something, envir = something)
  }

and playing around with the sys.frame function, substitute, etc., to
fill in the gaps. I think the details are in the R extensions manual.
Look at 

 get("mode<-")

for an example of a function call constructed from the arguments, and
an assignment made in a parent frame.

Duncan Murdoch
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Peter Dalgaard BSA

2001-Jan-24 15:39 UTC

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[R] Object orientation?

"Yves Gauvreau" <cyg at sympatico.ca> writes:
> Up to now there is no real problem as I could use the following construct
> for these let and set methods or functions: MyO <-
> MyO.let(PropertyName="ThisProperty", ThisValue).
> 
> But what I would like to be able to do in order to let or set (as above)
one
> of MyO properties for example is only use:
> MyO.let(PropertyName="ThisProperty", ThisValue).
> 
> So my question is: Can this be done in a proper and acceptable R fashion?
> 
> I know I could use super assign (<<-) but I think some say
it''s best
> avoided.
Generally, that''s when people try to turn R (or S) into a macro
language. There could be situations where it''s the right thing...

However, for this situation, how about something like

class(MyO) <- "foo"
"$<-.foo" <- function(x, name, value)
{
   if ( !is.null(x$let) )
	x$let(PropertyName=name, value)
   else
	x[[name]] <- value
}

MyO$ThisProperty <- ThisValue

(but wouldn''t x$let or MyO.let need to have some way of figuring out
which object is its owner??)

-- 
   O__  ---- Peter Dalgaard             Blegdamsvej 3  
  c/ /''_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics     2200 Cph. N   
 (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen   Denmark      Ph: (+45) 35327918
~~~~~~~~~~ - (p.dalgaard at biostat.ku.dk)             FAX: (+45) 35327907
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Thomas Lumley

2001-Jan-24 16:34 UTC

head link

[R] Object orientation?

On Wed, 24 Jan 2001, Yves Gauvreau wrote:> Hi,
> 
> I wonder how one could implement the following idea in R if it''s
possible of
> course. Say you have an object, lets call it MyO. I would like MyO to
> provides both properties and methods, encapsulation in OOP terms I think. I
> would like to access MyO properties (only) via functions like {get, let,
> set}.
> 
> I know I could use super assign (<<-) but I think some say
it''s best
> avoided.
This is one of the acceptable uses of <<-, as shown in
demo(scoping).  <<- is useful for modifying a variable that you know
exists in the enclosing environment. Most of the problems come from people
trying to use it to modify things in a parent environment or in the global
environment.

	-thomas

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Yves Gauvreau

2001-Jan-24 16:45 UTC

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[R] Object orientation?

> -----Message d''origine-----
> De : pd at blueberry.kubism.ku.dk [mailto:pd at blueberry.kubism.ku.dk]De
la
> part de Peter Dalgaard BSA
> Envoye : Wednesday, January 24, 2001 10:39 AM
> A : Yves Gauvreau
> Cc : R-help at lists. R-project. org
> Objet : Re: [R] Object orientation?
>
>
> "Yves Gauvreau" <cyg at sympatico.ca> writes:
>
> > Up to now there is no real problem as I could use the following
> construct
> > for these let and set methods or functions: MyO <-
> > MyO.let(PropertyName="ThisProperty", ThisValue).
> >
> > But what I would like to be able to do in order to let or set
> (as above) one
> > of MyO properties for example is only use:
> > MyO.let(PropertyName="ThisProperty", ThisValue).
> >
> > So my question is: Can this be done in a proper and acceptable
> R fashion?
> >
> > I know I could use super assign (<<-) but I think some say
it''s best
> > avoided.
>
> Generally, that''s when people try to turn R (or S) into a macro
> language. There could be situations where it''s the right thing...
Could you be so kind as to explain what you mean by "turn R (or S) into a
macro language"
>
> However, for this situation, how about something like
>
> class(MyO) <- "foo"
> "$<-.foo" <- function(x, name, value)
> {
>    if ( !is.null(x$let) )
> 	x$let(PropertyName=name, value)
>    else
> 	x[[name]] <- value
> }
>
> MyO$ThisProperty <- ThisValue
>
> (but wouldn''t x$let or MyO.let need to have some way of figuring
out
> which object is its owner??)
Maybe the way I expressed the idea wasn''t clear enough or the way I
expressed it wasn''t, so I''ll try again. I have a personal
project where I
would like to use R for it''s statistical and graphical capabilities as
is
usually the case presumably.

The strategy I thought up would probably be better handled (or easier to
implement) with an object orientation kind of approach. I was able to
identify many objects, in the since of OOP terminology, which would also
need to be handle as a group or as a collection (or as some kind of a
list|data.frame in R terms). I would also require a few of these groups to
be imbedded in higher level object and so on. My first idea was to imbed R
in a program written in a language like C++ for example. Before I start
working in this manner, I thought of investigating the possibilities of
doing all of this in R instead. So I bought "S Programming" from
Venables &
Ripley and read it along with other material. So in the process I kind of
ask myself the same thing as you ask me above and I''ve got no answer.
Maybe
I should of ask what are the facilities in R to write or implement an
hierarchy of object (classes) working together as in C++ or as close as
possible to that?

Thanks

Yves

PS I take this occasion to thank all other who tried to help as well.
>
> --
>    O__  ---- Peter Dalgaard             Blegdamsvej 3
>   c/ /''_ --- Dept. of Biostatistics     2200 Cph. N
>  (*) \(*) -- University of Copenhagen   Denmark      Ph: (+45) 35327918
> ~~~~~~~~~~ - (p.dalgaard at biostat.ku.dk)             FAX: (+45) 35327907
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MJ Ray

2001-Jan-26 17:42 UTC

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[R] R News

"Yves Gauvreau" <cyg at sympatico.ca> writes:
> P.S. GSVIEW 2.9 on my NT system gave an error attempting to display page 8.
> Could be a glitch caused be downloading or ...
No, I can report occasional errors and partial page displays on gv
too, built on Ghostscript 5.10.
-- 
MJR                                     (Not an official statement)
Please note changes of address		http://stats.mth.uea.ac.uk/
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