Hi Hello , Can anybody please let me know how can I convert Lat/Lon data in coordinates in R. I was trying to use the rgdal package and proj4 package . But being bit confused how to use S or N information. and degree min second information. Any example help will be great. My data looks like: Latitude Longitude 22º54'57"S 47º08'50"W 22º49’38’’S 47º03’49’’W 22º54'13"S 47º01'08"W 22º50'39"S 47º05'47"W 22º49'10"S 47º03'34"W 3º5'47"S 59º59'24"W 2º55'47"S 59°58'32"W 40º49’20’’N 77º49’58’’W Thanks, Mitra [[alternative HTML version deleted]]