I''ve got a model Officer that relies on password validation in all
cases, but I need it to validate the password at different times.  For
on create, I want to verify that the password and password
confirmation exists at all times.  For update, want to make it
possible for providing password optional, and only when the password
is provided, to make sure it matches the password confirmation and the
within a certain length (such as when calling method
update_attributes).
The best ways I see it right now is to define either
before_validation_on_create, after_validation_on_create, or
before_create for method new, and define either
before_validation_on_update, after_validation_on_update, or
before_update for method update_attributes.  It''s worth noting that
Officer extends off of Person, which has it''s own validations to do.
I have several questions about this.  First, which function should I
define for validating create and update?  What are the pros and cons
on each one?
I''ve also noticed that I cannot use validate_length_of and other
helper methods inside these, and wondered why I''m not allowed to.
Does this mean I have to make my own validation?
If I do have to make my own validations within these methods, I will
have to verify that the pseudo-parameters :password
and :password_confirmation exists.  Do I have to call attr_accessor on
either :password, :password_confirmation, or both in this case?
Many thanks in advance!
P.S. Currently, my Officer and Person model looks like this:
-----
class Officer < Person
 #take care of password thingy
  validates_length_of :password, :within => 5..20
  #attr_accessor :password_confirmation
  validates_presence_of :password_confirmation, :if => :password
  validates_confirmation_of :password
 #some functions
  def validate
    errors.add_to_base("Missing password") if hashed_password.blank?
  end
  def self.authenticate( rin, password )
    person = self.find( :first, :conditions => [ ''rin = ?'',
rin ] )
    if person
      expected_password = encrypted_password( password, person.salt )
      if person.hashed_password != expected_password
        person = nil
      end
    end
    person
  end
end
-----
class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
  #first_name is required: must start with a capital
  validates_presence_of		:first_name
  validates_format_of		:first_name,
    :with => /^[A-Z][a-zA-Z0-9, .]+$/
  #last_name is required: must start with a capital
  validates_presence_of		:last_name
  validates_format_of		:last_name,
    :with => /^[A-Z][a-zA-Z0-9, .]+$/
  #rin is required: must be unique; also, must all be lowercases
  #with 0 to 2 numbers following the letters.
  validates_presence_of		:rin,
    :message => '': A Rensselaer ID must be provided''
  validates_format_of		:rin,
    :with => /^[a-z]+[0-9]{0,2}$/,
    :message => '': Invalid Rensselaer ID''
  validates_uniqueness_of	:rin,
    :message => '': Someone already has this Rensselaer ID''
  #email must be unique, and it is required.
  validates_presence_of		:email
  validates_format_of		:email,
  :with => /^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+@[a-zA-Z0-9_]+(\.[a-z]{2,3}){1,2}$/
  validates_uniqueness_of	:email
  #year is required, and must be a 4 digit number greater than 2000
  validates_presence_of		:year
  validates_numericality_of	:year,
    :only_integer => true
  validates_length_of		:year,
    :is => 4
  #completely ignore the passwords
  def password
    @password
  end
  def password=(pwd)
    @password = pwd
    create_new_salt
    self.hashed_password = Officer.encrypted_password(self.password,
self.salt)
  end
  protected
  def validate
    errors.add(:year, "should be between 2000 and 3000") if
      ( year.to_i < 2000 or year.to_i > 3000 )
  end
  def self.encrypted_password(password, salt)
    string_to_hash = password + "Japan is an island of interest" +
salt
    Digest::SHA1.hexdigest(string_to_hash)
  end
  def create_new_salt
    self.salt = (self.object_id * rand).to_s + rand.to_s
  end
end
--~--~---------~--~----~------------~-------~--~----~
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-~----------~----~----~----~------~----~------~--~---
I tried this:
------
class Officer < Person
  #take care of password thingy
  attr_accessor :password_confirmation
  #some functions I want to imitate for on_create at all times,
  #and on_update, only if password is not nil
  #def validate
  #  errors.add_to_base("Missing password") if hashed_password.blank?
  #end
  #validates_presence_of :password_confirmation, :if => :password
  #validates_confirmation_of :password
  #validates_length_of :password, :within => 5..20
  #functions that doesn''t work
  def before_validation_on_create
    if @password.nil? or @password.empty?
      errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password''
    elsif @password.size <  5 or @password.size > 20
      errors.add_to_base ''Password must be within 5 and 20
characters''
    end
    if @password_confirmation.nil? or @password_confirmation.empty?
      errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password
confirmation''
    elsif @password_confirmation != @password
      errors.add_to_base ''Password does not match with Password
Confirmation''
    end
  end
  def before_validation_on_update
    unless @password.nil?
      if @password.empty?
        errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password''
      elsif @password.size <  5 or @password.size > 20
        errors.add_to_base ''Password must be within 5 and 20
characters''
      end
      if @password_confirmation.nil? or @password_confirmation.empty?
        errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password
confirmation''
      elsif @password_confirmation != @password
        errors.add_to_base ''Password does not match with Password
Confirmation''
      end
    end
  end
  #and functions that does
  def self.authenticate( rin, password )
    person = self.find( :first, :conditions => [ ''rin = ?'',
rin ] )
    if person
      expected_password = encrypted_password( password, person.salt )
      if person.hashed_password != expected_password
        person = nil
      end
    end
    person
  end
  #turns an Officer to Admin
  def turn_to_admin
    self.update_attribute_with_validation_skipping(:type,
''Admin'')
  end
  #This does nothing
  def turn_to_officer
    nil
  end
  #turns an Officer or Admin
  def turn_to_person
    self.update_attribute_with_validation_skipping(:type,
''Person'')
  end
end
------
(Person.rb remains the same)
But according to my unit tests, this doesn''t pass:
------
  def test_defective_new
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''forka'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 67, <false> is not true
    assert !officer.errors.empty?
  end
  def test_empty_password
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011)
    assert !officer.valid? #line 12, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_empty_password_confirmation
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jojoj'', :password_confirmation =>
'''')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 21, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_password_invalid_confirmation
    officer = Officer.find(:first)
    assert officer
    officer[:password] = ''testing''
    officer[:confirmation_password] = ''paco''
    officer.reload
    assert !officer.save #line 49, <false> is not true
  end
  def test_password_too_short
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jo'', :password_confirmation =>
''jo'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 39, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_unequal_password_confirmation
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jojoj'', :password_confirmation =>
''kkkkk'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 30, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
-----
Loaded suite test/unit/officer_test
Started
...FFFFFF.
Finished in 0.438 seconds.
  1) Failure:
test_defective_new(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:67:in `test_defective_new''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  2) Failure:
test_empty_password(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:12:in `test_empty_password''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  3) Failure:
test_empty_password_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:21:in
`test_empty_password_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  4) Failure:
test_password_invalid_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:49:in
`test_password_invalid_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  5) Failure:
test_password_too_short(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:39:in `test_password_too_short''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  6) Failure:
test_unequal_password_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:30:in
`test_unequal_password_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
10 tests, 18 assertions, 6 failures, 0 errors
--~--~---------~--~----~------------~-------~--~----~
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-~----------~----~----~----~------~----~------~--~---
I tried this:
------
class Officer < Person
  #take care of password thingy
  attr_accessor :password_confirmation
  #some functions I want to imitate for on_create at all times,
  #and on_update, only if password is not nil
  #def validate
  #  errors.add_to_base("Missing password") if hashed_password.blank?
  #end
  #validates_presence_of :password_confirmation, :if => :password
  #validates_confirmation_of :password
  #validates_length_of :password, :within => 5..20
  #functions that doesn''t work
  def before_validation_on_create
    if @password.nil? or @password.empty?
      errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password''
    elsif @password.size <  5 or @password.size > 20
      errors.add_to_base ''Password must be within 5 and 20
characters''
    end
    if @password_confirmation.nil? or @password_confirmation.empty?
      errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password
confirmation''
    elsif @password_confirmation != @password
      errors.add_to_base ''Password does not match with Password
Confirmation''
    end
  end
  def before_validation_on_update
    unless @password.nil?
      if @password.empty?
        errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password''
      elsif @password.size <  5 or @password.size > 20
        errors.add_to_base ''Password must be within 5 and 20
characters''
      end
      if @password_confirmation.nil? or @password_confirmation.empty?
        errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password
confirmation''
      elsif @password_confirmation != @password
        errors.add_to_base ''Password does not match with Password
Confirmation''
      end
    end
  end
  #and functions that does
  def self.authenticate( rin, password )
    person = self.find( :first, :conditions => [ ''rin = ?'',
rin ] )
    if person
      expected_password = encrypted_password( password, person.salt )
      if person.hashed_password != expected_password
        person = nil
      end
    end
    person
  end
  #turns an Officer to Admin
  def turn_to_admin
    self.update_attribute_with_validation_skipping(:type,
''Admin'')
  end
  #This does nothing
  def turn_to_officer
    nil
  end
  #turns an Officer or Admin
  def turn_to_person
    self.update_attribute_with_validation_skipping(:type,
''Person'')
  end
end
------
(Person.rb remains the same)
But according to my unit tests, this doesn''t pass:
------
  def test_defective_new
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''forka'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 67, <false> is not true
    assert !officer.errors.empty?
  end
  def test_empty_password
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011)
    assert !officer.valid? #line 12, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_empty_password_confirmation
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jojoj'', :password_confirmation =>
'''')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 21, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_password_invalid_confirmation
    officer = Officer.find(:first)
    assert officer
    officer[:password] = ''testing''
    officer[:confirmation_password] = ''paco''
    officer.reload
    assert !officer.save #line 49, <false> is not true
  end
  def test_password_too_short
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jo'', :password_confirmation =>
''jo'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 39, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_unequal_password_confirmation
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jojoj'', :password_confirmation =>
''kkkkk'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 30, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
-----
Loaded suite test/unit/officer_test
Started
...FFFFFF.
Finished in 0.438 seconds.
  1) Failure:
test_defective_new(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:67:in `test_defective_new''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  2) Failure:
test_empty_password(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:12:in `test_empty_password''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  3) Failure:
test_empty_password_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:21:in
`test_empty_password_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  4) Failure:
test_password_invalid_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:49:in
`test_password_invalid_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  5) Failure:
test_password_too_short(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:39:in `test_password_too_short''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  6) Failure:
test_unequal_password_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:30:in
`test_unequal_password_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
10 tests, 18 assertions, 6 failures, 0 errors
--~--~---------~--~----~------------~-------~--~----~
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
"Ruby on Rails: Talk" group.
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-~----------~----~----~----~------~----~------~--~---
I tried this:
------
class Officer < Person
  #take care of password thingy
  attr_accessor :password_confirmation
  #some functions I want to imitate for on_create at all times,
  #and on_update, only if password is not nil
  #def validate
  #  errors.add_to_base("Missing password") if hashed_password.blank?
  #end
  #validates_presence_of :password_confirmation, :if => :password
  #validates_confirmation_of :password
  #validates_length_of :password, :within => 5..20
  #functions that doesn''t work
  def before_validation_on_create
    if @password.nil? or @password.empty?
      errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password''
    elsif @password.size <  5 or @password.size > 20
      errors.add_to_base ''Password must be within 5 and 20
characters''
    end
    if @password_confirmation.nil? or @password_confirmation.empty?
      errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password
confirmation''
    elsif @password_confirmation != @password
      errors.add_to_base ''Password does not match with Password
Confirmation''
    end
  end
  def before_validation_on_update
    unless @password.nil?
      if @password.empty?
        errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password''
      elsif @password.size <  5 or @password.size > 20
        errors.add_to_base ''Password must be within 5 and 20
characters''
      end
      if @password_confirmation.nil? or @password_confirmation.empty?
        errors.add_to_base ''You must provide a password
confirmation''
      elsif @password_confirmation != @password
        errors.add_to_base ''Password does not match with Password
Confirmation''
      end
    end
  end
  #and functions that does
  def self.authenticate( rin, password )
    person = self.find( :first, :conditions => [ ''rin = ?'',
rin ] )
    if person
      expected_password = encrypted_password( password, person.salt )
      if person.hashed_password != expected_password
        person = nil
      end
    end
    person
  end
  #turns an Officer to Admin
  def turn_to_admin
    self.update_attribute_with_validation_skipping(:type,
''Admin'')
  end
  #This does nothing
  def turn_to_officer
    nil
  end
  #turns an Officer or Admin
  def turn_to_person
    self.update_attribute_with_validation_skipping(:type,
''Person'')
  end
end
------
(Person.rb remains the same)
But according to my unit tests, this doesn''t pass:
------
  def test_defective_new
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''forka'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 67, <false> is not true
    assert !officer.errors.empty?
  end
  def test_empty_password
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011)
    assert !officer.valid? #line 12, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_empty_password_confirmation
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jojoj'', :password_confirmation =>
'''')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 21, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_password_invalid_confirmation
    officer = Officer.find(:first)
    assert officer
    officer[:password] = ''testing''
    officer[:confirmation_password] = ''paco''
    officer.reload
    assert !officer.save #line 49, <false> is not true
  end
  def test_password_too_short
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jo'', :password_confirmation =>
''jo'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 39, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
  def test_unequal_password_confirmation
    officer = Officer.new( :first_name => ''John'',
      :last_name => ''Doe'', :rin =>
''doej'',
      :email => ''doej-IL7dBOYR4Vg@public.gmane.org'', :year
=> 2011,
      :password => ''jojoj'', :password_confirmation =>
''kkkkk'')
    assert !officer.valid? #line 30, <false> is not true
    assert officer.errors.invalid?(:password)
  end
-----
Loaded suite test/unit/officer_test
Started
...FFFFFF.
Finished in 0.438 seconds.
  1) Failure:
test_defective_new(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:67:in `test_defective_new''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  2) Failure:
test_empty_password(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:12:in `test_empty_password''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  3) Failure:
test_empty_password_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:21:in
`test_empty_password_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  4) Failure:
test_password_invalid_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:49:in
`test_password_invalid_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  5) Failure:
test_password_too_short(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:39:in `test_password_too_short''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
  6) Failure:
test_unequal_password_confirmation(OfficerTest)
    [test/unit/officer_test.rb:30:in
`test_unequal_password_confirmation''
     c:/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.0.2-/lib/
active_support/testing/default.rb:7:in `run'']:
<false> is not true.
10 tests, 18 assertions, 6 failures, 0 errors
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Greg Willits
2008-Jun-15  19:02 UTC
Re: different password validation on create and on update
> On Jun 14, 2008, at 6:18 AM, Taro wrote: >> > For on create, I want to verify that the password and password > confirmation exists at all times. For update, want to make it > possible for providing password optional, and only when the password > is provided, to make sure it matches the password confirmation and the > within a certain lengthTaro, 3 tips for validations: (1) Have a look at these customized validation methods to help make validation code smaller and more readable for many scenarios: http://www.railsdev.ws/blog/11/custom-validations-in-rails/ (2) To validate a specific input only when it is not empty, use an :if => Proc.new technique. In my case, I use this for an email address like this: validates_as_email :userEmail, :if => Proc.new { |PrivilegedUser| PrivilegedUser.userEmail.length > 0 } where :userEmail is the HTML input, and PrivilegedUser is the name of the class. (3) For passwords, and other validations that require some custom logic, add a "validate" method to your class. ActiveRecord will call this automatically. Let''s assume your HTML inputs are pswd and verify_pswd: def validate # this disallows empty values if the record is new if self.new_record? && (@pswd.blank? || @verify_pswd.blank?) self.errors.add(:pswd, ''Password cannot be empty.'') end end There are several waysto slice this as there are a few validation callbacks, so have a look here to see which one best suits how you prefer to organize your logic: http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/Callbacks.html -- def gw writes_at ''www.railsdev.ws'' end --~--~---------~--~----~------------~-------~--~----~ You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Ruby on Rails: Talk" group. To post to this group, send email to rubyonrails-talk-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org To unsubscribe from this group, send email to rubyonrails-talk-unsubscribe-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/rubyonrails-talk?hl=en -~----------~----~----~----~------~----~------~--~---
> def validate > > # this disallows empty values if the record is new > > if self.new_record? && (@pswd.blank? || @verify_pswd.blank?) > self.errors.add(:pswd, ''Password cannot be empty.'') > end > > endTHIS is what I was looking for. The new_record? method! Thanks you so much! By the way, I apologize for the triple post. They happened accidentally by the magic of F5 :-P. --~--~---------~--~----~------------~-------~--~----~ You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Ruby on Rails: Talk" group. To post to this group, send email to rubyonrails-talk-/JYPxA39Uh5TLH3MbocFFw@public.gmane.org To unsubscribe from this group, send email to rubyonrails-talk-unsubscribe@googlegroups.com For more options, visit this group at http://groups.google.com/group/rubyonrails-talk?hl=en -~----------~----~----~----~------~----~------~--~---