I want to try to use Validations (from ActiveRecord) in a class that doesn''t use ActiveRecord. Specifically, I have a class which does CRUD on YAML files and I want to be able to let this class (really its subclasses) benefit from the validation mechanisms found in AR. My question is: what do I have to provide (methods, variables, etc.) in my class for an ''include ActiveRecord::Validations'' to Do The Right Thing? Has anybody implemented something similar? Thanks, Rick -- http://www.rickbradley.com MUPRN: 779 | even wash curtains random email haiku | and dust cobwebs! I''m pretty | tuckered today.