R help - Oct 2000 - Re: I want to pull out an element from each of a list of matrices

At 18:26 14/10/00 +0100, Prof Brian D Ripley wrote:
>On Sat, 14 Oct 2000, niels Waller wrote:
>
>> Dear colleagues,
>> 
>> I suspect there is a simple answer to this question -- but I cannot
find
it.
>> 
>> Suppose I have a list of matrices.  I want to pull out an element (such
as
>> row 1, col 2) from each matrix.  Do I need a loop to do this? Or is
there an
>> easy way to index this?
>> 
>> Let Z denote the list of matrices.  All matrices have the same order. 
I
>> want something like
>>   Z[[.]][1,2]     (which of course will not work, but you get the idea)
>
>lapply(Z, function(x) x[1,2])
or

	lapply(Z, "[", 1, 2)

if you want to use the extractor function directly.  unlist() the result
for a vector of results.
>
>should do this, giving a list.  Use sapply if you want a vector.
>
>-- 
>Brian D. Ripley,                  ripley at stats.ox.ac.uk
>Professor of Applied Statistics,  http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
>University of Oxford,             Tel:  +44 1865 272861 (self)
>1 South Parks Road,                     +44 1865 272860 (secr)
>Oxford OX1 3TG, UK                Fax:  +44 1865 272595
>
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--
Bill Venables, Statistician                         Tel. +61 7 3826 7251 
CSIRO Marine Laboratories,                          Fax. +61 7 3826 7304
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On Mon, 16 Oct 2000, Bill Venables wrote:
> At 18:26 14/10/00 +0100, Prof Brian D Ripley wrote:
> >On Sat, 14 Oct 2000, niels Waller wrote:
> >
> >> Dear colleagues,
> >> 
> >> I suspect there is a simple answer to this question -- but I
cannot find
> it.
> >> 
> >> Suppose I have a list of matrices.  I want to pull out an element
(such as
> >> row 1, col 2) from each matrix.  Do I need a loop to do this? Or
is
> there an
> >> easy way to index this?
> >> 
> >> Let Z denote the list of matrices.  All matrices have the same
order.  I
> >> want something like
> >>   Z[[.]][1,2]     (which of course will not work, but you get the
idea)
> >
> >lapply(Z, function(x) x[1,2])
> 
> or
> 
> 	lapply(Z, "[", 1, 2)
> 
> if you want to use the extractor function directly.  unlist() the result
> for a vector of results.
Yes, Peter D also said that.  BUT there is a bug in the current R
which means that the two are different, and the one I gave is I believe
more often correct. The difference only arises if the elements of Z have
classes, which they probably do not but we weren't told.  (Method dispatch
on primitives was only working if called by name, and lapply does not do
so: thanks to Luke Tierney for tracking the cause down.)  For R-devel the
two should be the same, and certainly are in my examples.

For unlist(lapply()) vs sapply: rumour has it the first is faster but I've
never seen convincing evidence under R and the second is certainly safer
and more powerful and easier to read in code.  So it was a deliberate
decision to choose the variants I did.

-- 
Brian D. Ripley,                  ripley at stats.ox.ac.uk
Professor of Applied Statistics,  http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~ripley/
University of Oxford,             Tel:  +44 1865 272861 (self)
1 South Parks Road,                     +44 1865 272860 (secr)
Oxford OX1 3TG, UK                Fax:  +44 1865 272595

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