Hi there, some of the recent holes discussed on this list, and David Holland''s suggestion for a utmp manager daemon got me thinking. I ended up coding a sample program that demonstrates how a `resource manager'' can be used to allow applications access to certain resources while not giving them any privileges. The sample program is a primitve modem manager that hands out open file descriptors to modems. This is done by passing the file descriptor over a UNIX domain socket. The protocol also provides for some kind of authentication, but it''s not really good. Recent 2.1 kernels provide SCM_CREDENTIALS passing, which could be used here. The source can be found on ftp://ftp.mathematik.th-darmstadt.de/pub/linux/okir/modemmgr-0.2.tar.gz Feedback welcome, Olaf -- Olaf Kirch | --- o --- Nous sommes du soleil we love when we play okir@monad.swb.de | / | \ sol.dhoop.naytheet.ah kin.ir.samse.qurax okir@lst.de +-------------------- Why Not?! -----------------------