Virtualization - Jun 2020 - Should SEV-ES #VC use IST? (Re: [PATCH] Allow RDTSC and RDTSCP from userspace)

Hi Andy,

On Mon, Apr 27, 2020 at 10:37:41AM -0700, Andy Lutomirski
wrote:
> 1. Use IST for #VC and deal with all the mess that entails.
With the removal of IST shifting I wonder what you would suggest on how
to best implement an NMI-safe IST handler with nesting support.

My current plan is to implement an IST handler which switches itself off
the IST stack as soon as possible, freeing it for re-use.

The flow would be roughly like this upon entering the handler;

	build_pt_regs();

	RSP = pt_regs->sp;

	if (RSP in VC_IST_stack)
		error("unallowed nesting")

	if (RSP in current_kernel_stack)
		RSP = round_down_to_8(RSP)
	else
		RSP = current_top_of_stack() // non-ist kernel stack

	copy_pt_regs(pt_regs, RSP);
	switch_stack_to(RSP);

To make this NMI safe, the NMI handler needs some logic too. Upon
entering NMI, it needs to check the return RSP, and if it is in the #VC
IST stack, it must do the above flow by itself and update the return RSP
and RIP. It needs to take into account the case when PT_REGS is not
fully populated on the return side.

Alternativly the NMI handler could safe/restore the contents of the #VC
IST stack or just switch to a special #VC-in-NMI IST stack.

All in all it could get complicated, and imho shift_ist would have been
simpler, but who am I anyway...

Or maybe you have a better idea how to implement this, so I'd like to
hear your opinion first before I spend too many days implementing
something.

Regards,

	Joerg

On Tue, Jun 23, 2020 at 11:45:19AM +0200, Joerg Roedel
wrote:
> Hi Andy,
> 
> On Mon, Apr 27, 2020 at 10:37:41AM -0700, Andy Lutomirski wrote:
> > 1. Use IST for #VC and deal with all the mess that entails.
> 
> With the removal of IST shifting I wonder what you would suggest on how
> to best implement an NMI-safe IST handler with nesting support.
> 
> My current plan is to implement an IST handler which switches itself off
> the IST stack as soon as possible, freeing it for re-use.
> 
> The flow would be roughly like this upon entering the handler;
> 
> 	build_pt_regs();
> 
> 	RSP = pt_regs->sp;
> 
> 	if (RSP in VC_IST_stack)
> 		error("unallowed nesting")
> 
> 	if (RSP in current_kernel_stack)
> 		RSP = round_down_to_8(RSP)
> 	else
> 		RSP = current_top_of_stack() // non-ist kernel stack
> 
> 	copy_pt_regs(pt_regs, RSP);
> 	switch_stack_to(RSP);
> 
> To make this NMI safe, the NMI handler needs some logic too. Upon
> entering NMI, it needs to check the return RSP, and if it is in the #VC
> IST stack, it must do the above flow by itself and update the return RSP
> and RIP. It needs to take into account the case when PT_REGS is not
> fully populated on the return side.
> 
> Alternativly the NMI handler could safe/restore the contents of the #VC
> IST stack or just switch to a special #VC-in-NMI IST stack.
> 
> All in all it could get complicated, and imho shift_ist would have been
> simpler, but who am I anyway...
> 
> Or maybe you have a better idea how to implement this, so I'd like to
> hear your opinion first before I spend too many days implementing
> something.
OK, excuse my ignorance, but I'm not seeing how that IST shifting
nonsense would've helped in the first place.

If I understand correctly the problem is:

	<#VC>
	  shift IST
	  <NMI>
	    ... does stuff
	    <#VC> # again, safe because the shift

But what happens if you get the NMI before your IST adjustment?

	<#VC>
	  <NMI>
	    ... does stuff
	    <#VC> # again, happily wrecks your earlier #VC
	  shift IST # whoopsy, too late

Either way around we get to fix this up in NMI (and any other IST
exception that can happen while in #VC, hello #MC). And more complexity
there is the very last thing we need :-(

There's no way you can fix up the IDT without getting an NMI first.

This entire exception model is fundamentally buggered :-/

Hi Peter,

On Tue, Jun 23, 2020 at 12:45:59PM +0200, Peter Zijlstra
wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 23, 2020 at 11:45:19AM +0200, Joerg Roedel wrote:
> > Or maybe you have a better idea how to implement this, so I'd like
to
> > hear your opinion first before I spend too many days implementing
> > something.
> 
> OK, excuse my ignorance, but I'm not seeing how that IST shifting
> nonsense would've helped in the first place.
> 
> If I understand correctly the problem is:
> 
> 	<#VC>
> 	  shift IST
> 	  <NMI>
> 	    ... does stuff
> 	    <#VC> # again, safe because the shift
> 
> But what happens if you get the NMI before your IST adjustment?
The v3 patchset implements an unconditional shift of the #VC IST entry
in the NMI handler, before it can trigger a #VC exception.
> Either way around we get to fix this up in NMI (and any other IST
> exception that can happen while in #VC, hello #MC). And more complexity
> there is the very last thing we need :-(
Yes, in whatever way this gets implemented, it needs some fixup in the
NMI handler. But that can happen in C code, so it does not make the
assembly more complex, at least.
> There's no way you can fix up the IDT without getting an NMI first.
Not sure what you mean by this.
> This entire exception model is fundamentally buggered :-/
Regards,

	Joerg