llvm dev - Jun 2009 - [LLVMdev] Why are functions renamed for .cpp files with llvm-gcc?

Hello,

I wonder why there is a difference in how 
llvm-gcc compiles .c and .cpp files.

Example:

---bar.cpp----
int bar() {
    return 42;
}
--------------

$ llvm-gcc -emit-llvm -c bar.cpp

Now running bar.o through llvm-dis gives:
--------------------------------
define i32 @_Z3barv() nounwind {
 < clip >
}
--------------------------------

Above, function 'bar' has been renamed to '_Z3barv'.

If, however, 'bar.cpp' is renamed 'bar.c',
we get 'define i32 @bar()' as expected.

I'm currently running precompiled llvm-gcc binaries (being 
unable to compile fresh llvm-gcc at the moment):
llvm-gcc (GCC) 4.2.1 (Based on Apple Inc. build 5623) (LLVM build 2.4).

I apologize if the issue is due to my old llvm-gcc version.

-- 
Arto Vuori

Hi Arto,
> I wonder why there is a difference in how
> llvm-gcc compiles .c and .cpp files.
>
> Example:
>
> ---bar.cpp----
> int bar() {
>    return 42;
> }
> --------------
>
> $ llvm-gcc -emit-llvm -c bar.cpp
>
> Now running bar.o through llvm-dis gives:
> --------------------------------
> define i32 @_Z3barv() nounwind {
>  < clip >
> }
> --------------------------------
>
> Above, function 'bar' has been renamed to '_Z3barv'.
>
> If, however, 'bar.cpp' is renamed 'bar.c',
> we get 'define i32 @bar()' as expected.
The answer is: C++ name mangling

Ciao, Fabian

A. Vuori kirjoitti:
> I wonder why there is a difference in how 
> llvm-gcc compiles .c and .cpp files.
[...]
> Above, function 'bar' has been renamed to '_Z3barv'.
> 
> If, however, 'bar.cpp' is renamed 'bar.c',
> we get 'define i32 @bar()' as expected.
Look at what c++filt says about _Z3barv:

$ c++filt _Z3barv
bar()

The reason is that .cpp is taken to be a C++ file, and
names are mangled accordingly.
-- 
Pertti

Le mercredi 17 juin 2009 à 11:16 +0300, A. Vuori a écrit
:
> Hello,
> 
> I wonder why there is a difference in how 
> llvm-gcc compiles .c and .cpp files.
C++ support function overloading, C not.
For C++ you have to encode the types with the function name to not have
name collision

On Jun 17, 2009, at 1:39 AM, Fabian Scheler wrote:
> Hi Arto,
>
>> I wonder why there is a difference in how
>> llvm-gcc compiles .c and .cpp files.
>>
>> Example:
>>
>> ---bar.cpp----
>> int bar() {
>>   return 42;
>> }
>> --------------
>>
>> $ llvm-gcc -emit-llvm -c bar.cpp
>>
>> Now running bar.o through llvm-dis gives:
>> --------------------------------
>> define i32 @_Z3barv() nounwind {
>> < clip >
>> }
>> --------------------------------
>>
>> Above, function 'bar' has been renamed to '_Z3barv'.
>>
>> If, however, 'bar.cpp' is renamed 'bar.c',
>> we get 'define i32 @bar()' as expected.
>
> The answer is: C++ name mangling

To elaborate a little bit, it's how C++ encodes namespaces, function  
overloading, etc.  It's a standard thing, and necessary for cross- 
compiler compatibility.  If you want your C++ functions to appear like  
C functions, you need to use extern "C" { }

--Owen
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A. Vuori wrote:
> Above, function 'bar' has been renamed to '_Z3barv'.
> 
> If, however, 'bar.cpp' is renamed 'bar.c',
> we get 'define i32 @bar()' as expected.
This is not llvm-gcc specific; it happens for regular gcc too. It's needed
to
support overloading multiple functions called 'bar' with different
parameters,
(which C++ supports but C does not). _Z3barv just means "bar()", i.e.
a function
named 'bar' with no parameters (there's a program called c++filt to
demangle
these names).

This is called name mangling. See also 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_mangling#Name_mangling_in_C.2B.2B

Fabian Scheler <fabian.scheler at gmail.com> writes:
> The answer is: C++ name mangling
and the slightly longer answer is :

try

int foo(int x) { ... }
int foo(void) { ... }
int foo(whatever-else y) { ... }

(which doesn't compile in C)

-- 
Matthieu

I think there is a latency problem with the mail server.
That create answer echo :D

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A. Vuori wrote:
> ---bar.cpp----
> int bar() {
>     return 42;
> }
> --------------
Try extern "C" int bar() instead, then you get C binding and the name
mangling goes away.

-- 
Dr. Albert Gr"af
Dept. of Music-Informatics, University of Mainz, Germany
Email:  Dr.Graef at t-online.de, ag at muwiinfa.geschichte.uni-mainz.de
WWW:    http://www.musikinformatik.uni-mainz.de/ag