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Marco Avoledo

2015-Jan-24 15:11 UTC

tinc Digest, Vol 123, Issue 11

Hi,
Thank you Guus,
I think the /16 solution is the easier to apply so I modified my tinc-up in
host A to be like

#!/bin/sh
ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.0.0

a route -a from HOST A shows:
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use
Iface
0.0.0.0         178.62.128.1    0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
10.129.0.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     0      0        0 eth1
178.62.128.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.192.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
192.168.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     0      0        0 tun0
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 tun0
192.168.2.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 tun0

a route from HOST B shows:
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use
Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.2.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     0      0        0 tun0
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 tun0
192.168.2.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0

a route from HOST C shows:
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use
Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     0      0        0 tun0
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
192.168.2.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 tun0

(don't mind the eth1 iface in HOST A as is something I won't use)

For the HOST B and C I decided to not use a VPN IP but a eth0 IP with a
bigger subnet as you suggested and it worked

So at the moment their tinc-up are set up like this:

HOST A:
#!/bin/sh
ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.0.0
route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 dev $INTERFACE

HOST B:
#!/bin/sh
ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.2.10 netmask 255.255.0.0
route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev $INTERFACE

HOST C:

#!/bin/sh
ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.1.101 netmask 255.255.0.0
route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 dev $INTERFACE

The situation is:>From HOST A I can ping every IP of HOST B subnet
>From HOST A I can ping only few IP on HOST C subnet 192.168.1.1 and 1.101
is Okay, but 1.200 is not.>From HOST B I can ping HOST A and HOST B
>From HOST C I can ping only few IP on HOST B subnet 192.168.2.1, 2.8 and2.10 are Okay but 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 are not.

As you suggested I removed from every host file in every machine so it only
contains its own Subnet so it's like
HOST B: Subnet = 192.168.2.0/24
HOST C: Subnet = 192.168.1.0/24

What am I doing wrong?
Thank for your tips

Marco


2015-01-23 12:00 GMT+01:00 <tinc-request at tinc-vpn.org>:
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> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
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>
> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
> than "Re: Contents of tinc digest..."
>
> Today's Topics:
>
>    1. Help linking subnets (Marco Avoledo)
>    2. Re: Help linking subnets (Guus Sliepen)
>
>
> ---------- Messaggio inoltrato ----------
> From: Marco Avoledo <mavoledo at gmail.com>
> To: tinc at tinc-vpn.org
> Cc:
> Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2015 08:25:29 +0100
> Subject: Help linking subnets
>
> Hi, after trying for days I ended up with a working tinc configurazion of
> 2 subnets, now my goal is to add 2 more subnets and comunicate.
> I might seem dumb at this point but honestly I don't work in IT or
> Networking stuff, and so I dont have that deep knowledge.
> A little explanation of my configuration is
>
> HOST A (VPN server)
> Public IP: 1.2.3.4
> tun0 Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> tun0 IP    = 192.168.10.1
>
> HOST B (VPN Client configured in a Raspberry Pi)
> eth0 NET = 192.168.2.10 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.2.1
> tun0 Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> tun0 Subnet = 192.168.2.0/24
>
> HOST C (VPN Client configured in a Raspberry Pi)
> eth0 NET = 192.168.1.101 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.1
> tun0 Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> tun0 Subnet = 192.168.1.0/24
>
> HOST D (VPN Client configured in Android device, just accessing VPN
> Network)
>
> Every Host have its own tinc-up set up like:
>
> HOST A:
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
> route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
> route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
> route add -net 192.168.3.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
>
> HOST B:
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.2 netmask 255.255.255.0
>
> HOST C:
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.3 netmask 255.255.255.0
>
> HOST D:
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.4 netmask 255.255.255.0
>
> Every Host have its own tinc.conf set up to connect to HOST A (Except for
> HOST A itself obviously) VPN is using router mode.
> Every Host have each other's host file in proper directory, containing
PUB
> KEY + VPN SUBNET + HOST SUBNET
>
> For HOST A:
> Address = XXXX.XXXXX.XX
> Subnet = 192.168.10.1/32
>
> For HOST B:
> Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> Subnet = 192.168.2.0/24
>
> For HOST C:
> Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> Subnet = 192.168.1.0/24
>
> For HOST D:
> Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
>
> Every file is exactly the same on every HOST.
>
> There are no problems when connecting, every host can connect to the
> server (HOST A) fine.
> >From HOST A I can ping Host A / Host B
> >From HOST B I can ping HOST A / Host B
> >From HOST C I can only ping myself
> >From HOST D I can only ping myself
>
> After trying a lot of net add net remove and reading tons of replies to
> numerous questions online, after asking to irc I initially managed to work
> with 2 subnet seeing each others, but adding this two more definitely
> ruined the work.
>
> My question is: what do I need to add in every conf/tinc-up file in order
> to let HOST A Access every single machine in every Subnet 192.168.1.*
> 192.168.2.* 192.168.3.* and eventually visa versa, what to add to every
> HOST B/C/D to be able to directly access every machine in every subnet as
> above.
>
> HOST A route
> Kernel IP routing table
> Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use
> Iface
> default         178.62.128.1    0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0
> eth0
> 178.62.128.0    *               255.255.192.0   U     0      0        0
> eth0
> 192.168.1.0     *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0
> tun0
> 192.168.2.0     *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0
> tun0
> 192.168.3.0     *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0
> tun0
> 192.168.10.0    *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0
> tun0
>
> HOST B route
> Kernel IP routing table
> Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use
> Iface
> 0.0.0.0         192.168.2.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0
> eth0
> 192.168.2.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0
> eth0
> 192.168.10.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0
> tun0
>
> HOST C route
> Kernel IP routing table
> Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use
> Iface
> 0.0.0.0         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0
> eth0
> 192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0
> eth0
> 192.168.10.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0
> tun0
>
> My bad I'm not that handy with networking stuff.
> Any hint is appreciated.
> Thanks in advance
>
> Marco
>
>
> ---------- Messaggio inoltrato ----------
> From: Guus Sliepen <guus at tinc-vpn.org>
> To: tinc at tinc-vpn.org
> Cc:
> Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2015 20:10:49 +0100
> Subject: Re: Help linking subnets
> On Thu, Jan 22, 2015 at 08:25:29AM +0100, Marco Avoledo wrote:
>
> > Hi, after trying for days I ended up with a working tinc configurazion
> of 2
> > subnets, now my goal is to add 2 more subnets and comunicate.
> [...]
> > HOST A (VPN server)
> > tun0 Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> > tun0 IP    = 192.168.10.1
>
> Ok, this is fine.
>
> > HOST B (VPN Client configured in a Raspberry Pi)
> > eth0 NET = 192.168.2.10 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.2.1
> > tun0 Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> > tun0 Subnet = 192.168.2.0/24
>
> Ok, the problem here is the two Subnets. With a Subnet statement, you
> tell tinc which VPN address range(s) belong to this specific node. It
> looks like this node's range is just 192.168.2.0/24. So only put that
> Subnet in hosts/B.
>
> > HOST C (VPN Client configured in a Raspberry Pi)
> > eth0 NET = 192.168.1.101 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.1
> > tun0 Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> > tun0 Subnet = 192.168.1.0/24
>
> The same here.
>
> > Every Host have its own tinc-up set up like:
> >
> > HOST A:
> > #!/bin/sh
> > ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0
> > route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
> > route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
> > route add -net 192.168.3.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
>
> This can work, but if you add a node you have to change your tinc-up
> script as well. There are two ways other ways to do this. The simplest
> way is to just use a /16 netmask on the VPN interface:
>
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.0.0
>
> This will also route traffic for 192.168.1.0/24 and so on to the VPN
> interface. If you don't want this for some reason, you can also create
a
> subnet-up script in the same directory as tinc-up:
>
> #!/bin/sh
> route add -net $SUBNET dev $INTERFACE
>
> Whenever anothet node goes online, this script will be called for each
> of its Subnets and a corresponding route will be added.
>
> > HOST B:
> > #!/bin/sh
> > ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.2 netmask 255.255.255.0
>
> The problem here is that it is lacking a route for the other subnets,
> and you giving this node's VPN interface an address from host A's
> Subnet. You can reuse the address you already have from the
> 192.168.2.0/24 Subnet on your VPN interface, if you give it a larger
> netmask than the one on eth0. So I recommend you change this script to:
>
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.2.10 netmask 255.255.255.0
>
> > HOST C:
> > #!/bin/sh
> > ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.3 netmask 255.255.255.0
> >
> > HOST D:
> > #!/bin/sh
> > ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.4 netmask 255.255.255.0
>
> The same goes for these nodes.
>
> > Every Host have its own tinc.conf set up to connect to HOST A (Except
for
> > HOST A itself obviously) VPN is using router mode.
> > Every Host have each other's host file in proper directory,
containing
> PUB
> > KEY + VPN SUBNET + HOST SUBNET
>
> That's great.
>
> > For HOST A:
> > Address = XXXX.XXXXX.XX
> > Subnet = 192.168.10.1/32
>
> Using a /32 is fine here.
>
> > For HOST B:
> > Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> > Subnet = 192.168.2.0/24
>
> I'd remove the Subnet = 192.168.10./24 line and use the script
> suggested above. If you really want to give this node's VPN interface
an
> address from the 192.168.10.0/24 range, then change the Subnets to:
>
> Subnet = 192.168.10.2/32
> Subnet = 192.168.2.0/24
>
> And the tinc-up script to:
>
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.2 netmask 255.255.255.0
> route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
> route add -net 192.168.3.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
>
> Note that I don't add 192.168.2.0/24 here. If you want to use a
> subnet-up script in stead of these route add commands in tinc-up, then
> it should be:
>
> #!/bin/sh
> [ "$NODE" != "$NAME" ] && route add -net
$SUBNET dev $INTERFACE
>
> > For HOST C:
> > Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
> > Subnet = 192.168.1.0/24
>
> The same for this nodes.
>
> > For HOST D:
> > Subnet = 192.168.10.0/24
>
> This should then be Subnet = 192.168.10.4/32.
>
> To recap, make sure that the routing table is such that all packets for
> VPN addresses go to dev $INTERFACE. That means tinc will get them. But
> then tinc needs to figure out which node to send them to. It uses the
> Subnet statements to figure that out. So don't give two or more nodes
> exactly the same Subnet, otherwise tinc does not know which to send it
> to.
>
> Let us know if this helps.
>
> --
> Met vriendelijke groet / with kind regards,
>      Guus Sliepen <guus at tinc-vpn.org>
>
> _______________________________________________
> tinc mailing list
> tinc at tinc-vpn.org
> http://www.tinc-vpn.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/tinc
>
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Guus Sliepen

2015-Jan-24 15:51 UTC

head link

tinc Digest, Vol 123, Issue 11

On Sat, Jan 24, 2015 at 04:11:24PM +0100, Marco Avoledo wrote:
> I think the /16 solution is the easier to apply so I modified my tinc-up in
> host A to be like
> 
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.0.0
Ok.
> So at the moment their tinc-up are set up like this:
> 
> HOST A:
> #!/bin/sh
> ifconfig $INTERFACE 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.0.0
> route add -net 192.168.1.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
> route add -net 192.168.2.0/24 dev $INTERFACE
You don't need those route add -net ... statements anymore, since the
ifconfig with netmask 255.255.0.0 will already have added a route to the
kernel's routing table that covers those /24 subnets.
> The situation is:
> From HOST A I can ping every IP of HOST B subnet
> From HOST A I can ping only few IP on HOST C subnet 192.168.1.1 and 1.101
> is Okay, but 1.200 is not.
> From HOST B I can ping HOST A and HOST B
> From HOST C I can ping only few IP on HOST B subnet 192.168.2.1, 2.8 and
> 2.10 are Okay but 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 are not.
I suspect packets from host A and B will be sent to other hosts one C's
LAN just fine, it's the return packets that are the problem. You have to
ensure that hosts on C's LAN know that they should send packets for host
A or B to host C. There are several ways to do this:

1) Add routes to every node on C's LAN to send packets for the VPN
address range to C.

2) Add a route on the gateway of C's LAN to redirect packets for the VPN
address range to C.

3) Run tinc on C's gateway instead.

4) Set up NAT on host C such that packets from the VPN to its LAN are
masqueraded.

Options 1 and 2 require you to change settings on other hosts on C's
LAN. Option 3 is the nicest option, but this assumes you can actually
install tinc on the gateway device. Option 4 only requires changes on
host C, but the drawback is that this only allows VPN hosts to initiate
connections to hosts on C's LAN, not the other way around.

I assume there is a similar problem on host B. But it's also strange
that you can in fact reach 192.168.1.1, 192.168.2.1 and 192.168.2.8...

-- 
Met vriendelijke groet / with kind regards,
     Guus Sliepen <guus at tinc-vpn.org>
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