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You could declare a matrix much larger than you intend to use. This works with a few megabytes of data. It is not very efficient, so scaling up may become a problem. m22 <- matrix(NA, 1:600000, ncol=6) It does not work to add a new column to the matrix, as in you get an error if you try m22[ , 7] but convert to data frame and add a column m23 <- data.frame(m22) m23$x7 <- 12 The only