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...means and the covariance matrix sim <- mvrnorm(1000, mu=mean(data), sigma, empirical=FALSE) #Set growth at 0 growth=0 #Combine elements into a single dataset simtest=data.frame (subject=subject, treat=treat,lunch, age=round(age,0),round(sim,0),growth) #Set mean growth by treatment condition with treatd subjects having a mean growth of 1.5 and non-treated having a mean growth of 0.1 simtest<-transform(simtest, growth=rnorm(1000,m=ifelse(treat==0,0.1,1.5),s=1)) simtest cor (simtest)