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I have two matrix s1 and s2, each of them is 1000*1. and I have two equations: digamma(p)-digamma(p+q)=s1, digamma(q)-digamma(p+q)=s2, and I want to sovle these two equations to get the value of x and y, which are also two 1000*1 matrices. I write a program like this: f <- function(x) { p<- x[1]; q <- x[2]; ((digamma(p)-digamma(p+q)-s1[2,]) )^2 +((digamma(q)-digamma(p+q)-s2[2,]) )^2