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...ears. This means that pan-potted studio recordings have directionality at low frequencies even though the recording will contain only amplitude differences. Human hearing is discussed briefly in the Ambisonic Surround Sound FAQ at: http://members.tripod.com/martin_leese/Ambisonic/faq_latest.html#SECTION12 The conversion of low-frequency amplitude differences at the speakers to phase between the ears is nicely explained at: http://uod-true-multi-channel-mixing.wikispaces.com/Blumlein+Stereo As the article points out, Blumlein described all this in his 1930s patent. The reason why movie surround s...