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...ext", but are passing a compound data type (an Array). Using #to_s would "work" in the sense that it would silently produce garbage: irb(main):001:0> STDIN.to_s => "#<IO:0x2ad22ad66f10>" irb(main):002:0> ["sam","roberts"].to_s => "samroberts" #to_s is intended for debugging/logging purposes, not for clubbing everything into string form. What field are you setting, whats in the Array you are using as input, and what do you expect it to be in the vCard (or iCalendar)? Cheers, Sam