search for: 4kbyte

zdb -C shows an shift value on each vdev in my pool, I was just wondering if it is vdev specific, or pool wide. Google didn''t seem to know. I''m considering a mixed pool with some "advanced format" (4KB sector) drives, and some normal 512B sector drives, and was wondering if the ashift can be set per vdev, or only per pool. Theoretically, this would save me some size on

...nfigured as RAID5 via mdadm I boot off an internal SATA disk; I don't see a need to change that. But space is running out; I wondering if the new 3Tb disks would work in this scenario; most importantly will 2.6.18-238.9.1.el5PAE see the whole disk? And also whether I need to be worried about 4Kbyte sectors. These new disks are confusing me! -- rgds Stephen

...t boundaries their wear levelling (if any) operate on. Their normal mode of operation is to use a "FAT32" filesystem and to be filled up linearly with large files. I guess the more scattered layout of extN is non-too sympathetic to their normal operation. The high-end (b) may well have 4kByte pages or smaller but they will typically operate with multiple page chunks that are much larger, where 16kBytes appear to be the optimum performance size for the devices I''ve seen so far. How well does btrfs fit in with the features for those two categories? Regards, Martin -- To unsub...

...; > > > However if ring and event suppression share a cache line ring accesses > > have a chance to push the event suppression out of cache, causing > > misses on read. > > > > This can happen if they are at the same offset in the set. > > E.g. with L1 cache 4Kbyte sets are common, so same offset > > within a 4K page. > > > > We can fix this by making event suppression adjacent in memory, e.g.: > > > > > > [interrupt suppress] > > [descriptor ring] > > [kick suppress] > > > > If this whole struct...

...; > > > However if ring and event suppression share a cache line ring accesses > > have a chance to push the event suppression out of cache, causing > > misses on read. > > > > This can happen if they are at the same offset in the set. > > E.g. with L1 cache 4Kbyte sets are common, so same offset > > within a 4K page. > > > > We can fix this by making event suppression adjacent in memory, e.g.: > > > > > > [interrupt suppress] > > [descriptor ring] > > [kick suppress] > > > > If this whole struct...

...ates a problem if we want to make virtio devices proper PCI express devices with native hotplug support. This is because each hotpluggable PCI express device always has a PCI express port (port per device), where each port is represented by a PCI to PCI bridge. In turn, a PCI to PCI bridge claims a 4Kbyte aligned range of IO addresses. This means that we can have at most 15 such devices, this is a nasty limitation. Another problem with PIO is support for physical virtio devices, and nested virt: KVM currently programs all PIO accesses to cause vm exit, so using this device in a VM will be slow. So...

...ates a problem if we want to make virtio devices proper PCI express devices with native hotplug support. This is because each hotpluggable PCI express device always has a PCI express port (port per device), where each port is represented by a PCI to PCI bridge. In turn, a PCI to PCI bridge claims a 4Kbyte aligned range of IO addresses. This means that we can have at most 15 such devices, this is a nasty limitation. Another problem with PIO is support for physical virtio devices, and nested virt: KVM currently programs all PIO accesses to cause vm exit, so using this device in a VM will be slow. So...

...decoded stream. If you are too far away update your guess based on the knew bitrate and seek again. Some notes: * libvorbisfile has a nice implementation of that, it also takes care of matching the signal at the very point of the jump. * libogg tries to generate pages of about 4kByte. Any sane implementation should not generate much bigger pages. With opus pages are likely a bit smaller, depending on the encoder setting. When seeking seek a few kByte before the actual position to ensure that you can read a complete page. * libogg will handl...

...written to, they are read-only. > > However if ring and event suppression share a cache line ring accesses > have a chance to push the event suppression out of cache, causing > misses on read. > > This can happen if they are at the same offset in the set. > E.g. with L1 cache 4Kbyte sets are common, so same offset > within a 4K page. > > We can fix this by making event suppression adjacent in memory, e.g.: > > > [interrupt suppress] > [descriptor ring] > [kick suppress] > > If this whole structure fits in a single set, ring accesses will >...

On Wed, Feb 08, 2017 at 06:41:40PM +0100, Paolo Bonzini wrote: > > > On 08/02/2017 04:20, Michael S. Tsirkin wrote: > > * Scatter/gather support > > > > We can use 1 bit to chain s/g entries in a request, same as virtio 1.0: > > > > /* This marks a buffer as continuing via the next field. */ > > #define VRING_DESC_F_NEXT 1 > > > >

On Wed, Feb 08, 2017 at 06:41:40PM +0100, Paolo Bonzini wrote: > > > On 08/02/2017 04:20, Michael S. Tsirkin wrote: > > * Scatter/gather support > > > > We can use 1 bit to chain s/g entries in a request, same as virtio 1.0: > > > > /* This marks a buffer as continuing via the next field. */ > > #define VRING_DESC_F_NEXT 1 > > > >

Hi, We have an windows client application to playback wav audio. Now we have to support Ogg Opus audio. The client is WPF application and the audio player component is in C++. The opus audio file is downloaded from an web-service and written to a Stream which is loaded into the player. I need to achieve the following: 1. Start playback immediately as and when the audio is being downloaded. 2.

...chunks around in some other way. > > > > > + } > > > +} > > > + > > > +static void add_one_chunk(struct virtio_balloon *vb, struct virtqueue *vq, > > > + int type, u64 base, u64 size) > > what are the units here? Looks like it's in 4kbyte units? > > what is the "unit" you referred to? > This is the function to add one chunk, base pfn and size of the chunk are > supplied to the function. > Are both size and base in bytes then? But you do not send them to host as is, you shift them for some reason before se...

...chunks around in some other way. > > > > > + } > > > +} > > > + > > > +static void add_one_chunk(struct virtio_balloon *vb, struct virtqueue *vq, > > > + int type, u64 base, u64 size) > > what are the units here? Looks like it's in 4kbyte units? > > what is the "unit" you referred to? > This is the function to add one chunk, base pfn and size of the chunk are > supplied to the function. > Are both size and base in bytes then? But you do not send them to host as is, you shift them for some reason before se...

As to tremor fixed-point implementation, i got several questions, and hopefully some one can help me out. Thanks a lot! 1. For DSP chips with small and limited memory, how much memory do we really need for saving all codebooks before we start to decode audio packets? Can the bit-rate give us some clues? Is there some simple guidelines for this? 2. For CRC error protection, it seems to me that

...to indicate the packet length. >>>> + } >>>> +} >>>> + >>>> +static void add_one_chunk(struct virtio_balloon *vb, struct virtqueue *vq, >>>> + int type, u64 base, u64 size) >>> what are the units here? Looks like it's in 4kbyte units? >> what is the "unit" you referred to? >> This is the function to add one chunk, base pfn and size of the chunk are >> supplied to the function. >> > Are both size and base in bytes then? > But you do not send them to host as is, you shift them for som...

For using SSDs: Are there any format/mount parameters that should be set for using btrfs on SSDs (other than the "ssd" mount option)? General questions: How long is the ''delay'' for the delayed alloc? Are file allocations aligned to 4kiB boundaries, or larger? What byte value is used to pad unused space? (Aside: For some, the erased state reads all 0x00, and for

...p;len)); > + hdr->chunks = 0; Why zero it here after device used it? Better to zero before use. > + } > +} > + > +static void add_one_chunk(struct virtio_balloon *vb, struct virtqueue *vq, > + int type, u64 base, u64 size) what are the units here? Looks like it's in 4kbyte units? > +{ > + struct virtio_balloon_page_chunk_hdr *hdr; > + struct virtio_balloon_page_chunk *chunk; > + > + switch (type) { > + case PAGE_CHUNK_TYPE_BALLOON: > + hdr = vb->balloon_page_chunk_hdr; > + chunk = vb->balloon_page_chunk; > + break; > + default:...

...p;len)); > + hdr->chunks = 0; Why zero it here after device used it? Better to zero before use. > + } > +} > + > +static void add_one_chunk(struct virtio_balloon *vb, struct virtqueue *vq, > + int type, u64 base, u64 size) what are the units here? Looks like it's in 4kbyte units? > +{ > + struct virtio_balloon_page_chunk_hdr *hdr; > + struct virtio_balloon_page_chunk *chunk; > + > + switch (type) { > + case PAGE_CHUNK_TYPE_BALLOON: > + hdr = vb->balloon_page_chunk_hdr; > + chunk = vb->balloon_page_chunk; > + break; > + default:...

...; > >>>> + } > >>>> +} > >>>> + > >>>> +static void add_one_chunk(struct virtio_balloon *vb, struct virtqueue *vq, > >>>> + int type, u64 base, u64 size) > >>> what are the units here? Looks like it's in 4kbyte units? > >> what is the "unit" you referred to? > >> This is the function to add one chunk, base pfn and size of the chunk > >> are supplied to the function. > >> > > Are both size and base in bytes then? > > But you do not send them to host...