Wilcox, Chris (O&A, Hobart)
2020-Mar-18 07:44 UTC
[R] FW: problem with markov random field smooths in mgcv
Hi all, I am trying to fit a model with a markov random field smooth in mgcv. I am having some trouble with getting it to run, and in particular I am getting the message Error in initial.sp(w * x, S, off) : S[[1]] matrix is not +ve definite. After reading everything I could find on mrf, it sounds like there was a bug that was brought up with Simon Wood in 2012, due to differences between windows and linux, with the linus machine stopping due to this error, while windows was not. I have not been able to find much else on it. Any suggestions would be much appreciated. There is reproducible code below. Thanks Chris library(mgcv) #create data Country <- as.factor(c("Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh", "Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia", "China","China","China","China","China","China","East Timor","East Timor","East Timor", "East Timor","East Timor","East Timor","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1", "HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","China","China","China","China","China","China", "India","India","India","India","India","India","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia", "Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar", "Myanmar","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","South Korea","South Korea", "South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","China","China","China","China","China","China", "Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan", "Taiwan","Taiwan","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam", "Vietnam","Vietnam")) Count <- c(0,0,3,5,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,2,1,0,6,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 ,0,0,20,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,6,3,3,10,1,1,18,11,8,11,0,1,2,2,1,14,0,0,0,1,0,0 ,0,0,4,3,9,16,0,0,3,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,33,18,8,16,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,1,14,6,8,2 ,0,0,0,0,1,1) Data <- data.frame(Count,Country) #create neighbour matrix NB <- list() NB$'East Timor' <- c(1,2,15) NB$Australia <- c(1,2,15) NB$'Sri Lanka' <-c(3,12,16) NB$Bangladesh <-c(4,12,13,16) NB$Philippines <- c(5,6,11,14,15,17) NB$Taiwan <- c(5,6,11) NB$Thailand <- c(7,8,10,12,13,14,15) NB$Vietnam <- c(7,8,10,11,14,15) NB$`South Korea` <- c(9,11) NB$Cambodia <- c(7,8,10) NB$China <- c(5,6,8,9,11,14) NB$India <- c(3,4,7,12,13,15,16) NB$Myanmar <- c(4,7,12,13,16) NB$Malaysia <- c(5,7,8,11,14,15) NB$Indonesia <- c(1,2,5,7,8,12,14,15) NB$HighSeas2 <- c(3,4,12,13,16) NB$HighSeas1 <- c(5,17) #check levels and names match all.equal(sort(names(NB)), sort(levels(Data$Country))) #try fitting GAM m1 <- gam(Data$Count ~ s(Data$Country, bs = 'mrf', xt = list(nb = NB)))
David Winsemius
2020-Mar-18 16:40 UTC
[R] FW: problem with markov random field smooths in mgcv
On 3/18/20 12:44 AM, Wilcox, Chris (O&A, Hobart) wrote:> Hi all, > > I am trying to fit a model with a markov random field smooth in mgcv. I am having some trouble with getting it to run, and in particular I am getting the message > > Error in initial.sp(w * x, S, off) : S[[1]] matrix is not +ve definite. > > After reading everything I could find on mrf, it sounds like there was a bug that was brought up with Simon Wood in 2012, due to differences between windows and linux, with the linus machine stopping due to this error, while windows was not. I have not been able to find much else on it. Any suggestions would be much appreciated. > > There is reproducible code below. > > Thanks > > Chris > > > library(mgcv) > > #create data > Country <- as.factor(c("Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh", > "Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia", > "China","China","China","China","China","China","East Timor","East Timor","East Timor", > "East Timor","East Timor","East Timor","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1", > "HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","China","China","China","China","China","China", > "India","India","India","India","India","India","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia", > "Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar", > "Myanmar","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","South Korea","South Korea", > "South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","China","China","China","China","China","China", > "Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan", > "Taiwan","Taiwan","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam", > "Vietnam","Vietnam")) > > Count <- c(0,0,3,5,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,2,1,0,6,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 > ,0,0,20,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,6,3,3,10,1,1,18,11,8,11,0,1,2,2,1,14,0,0,0,1,0,0 > ,0,0,4,3,9,16,0,0,3,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,33,18,8,16,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,1,14,6,8,2 > ,0,0,0,0,1,1) > > Data <- data.frame(Count,Country)I'm not seeing any spatial data being defined, so I'm puzzled by the expectation that this is yet a markov random field problem. You appear to be following the last part of the example code in ?smooth.construct.mrf.smooth.spec {mgcv} without constructing your data set to match the structure of the `columb` example dataset. str(columb) #------------------ 'data.frame': 49 obs. of? 8 variables: ?$ area????? : num? 0.3094 0.2593 0.1925 0.0838 0.4889 ... ?$ home.value: num? 80.5 44.6 26.4 33.2 23.2 ... ?$ income??? : num? 19.53 21.23 15.96 4.48 11.25 ... ?$ crime???? : num? 15.7 18.8 30.6 32.4 50.7 ... ?$ open.space: num? 2.851 5.297 4.535 0.394 0.406 ... ?$ district? : Factor w/ 49 levels "0","1","2","3",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ... ?$ x???????? : num? 8.83 8.33 9.01 8.46 9.01 ... ?$ y???????? : num? 14.4 14 13.8 13.7 13.3 ... You are also committing a common R-beginner error in accessing columns of a data object directly in a formula while failing to use a data argument for a regression call. -- David.> > #create neighbour matrix > NB <- list() > NB$'East Timor' <- c(1,2,15) > NB$Australia <- c(1,2,15) > NB$'Sri Lanka' <-c(3,12,16) > NB$Bangladesh <-c(4,12,13,16) > NB$Philippines <- c(5,6,11,14,15,17) > NB$Taiwan <- c(5,6,11) > NB$Thailand <- c(7,8,10,12,13,14,15) > NB$Vietnam <- c(7,8,10,11,14,15) > NB$`South Korea` <- c(9,11) > NB$Cambodia <- c(7,8,10) > NB$China <- c(5,6,8,9,11,14) > NB$India <- c(3,4,7,12,13,15,16) > NB$Myanmar <- c(4,7,12,13,16) > NB$Malaysia <- c(5,7,8,11,14,15) > NB$Indonesia <- c(1,2,5,7,8,12,14,15) > NB$HighSeas2 <- c(3,4,12,13,16) > NB$HighSeas1 <- c(5,17) > > #check levels and names match > all.equal(sort(names(NB)), sort(levels(Data$Country))) > > #try fitting GAM > m1 <- gam(Data$Count ~ s(Data$Country, bs = 'mrf', xt = list(nb = NB))) > > > > ______________________________________________ > R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Wilcox, Chris (O&A, Hobart)
2020-Mar-18 22:36 UTC
[R] FW: problem with markov random field smooths in mgcv
Hi David, Thanks for the comments. I am running the analysis on a mac OS 10.12.6, using R R 3.5.3 GUI 1.70 El Capitan build (7632), and mgcv 1.8-31. I am aware of the procedure of using data = "xx" in a call to gam. I am having a strange issue locally, in that gam does not see to be able to find the response variable (Count) if I use the standard way of handing gam the data. That is the reason I wrote the gam function as I did. I wanted to ignore that issue for the moment. I have not had it happen with mgcv before, despite having used it for 10 years or so. In reference to your question about spatial data, see the section of the code that starts with #create neighbourhood matrix. This should say list, not matrix. But it is the indices of the levels in the Country variable that are neighbours. This list defines the parameter nb in the call to the function that constructs the mrf. Thanks for spending the time to look at the problem. I did not use the columb structure, but if you read down in the help for the smooth constructor function you can see that Simon has an example using nb that is like the one I submitted. Cheers, Chris ?On 19/3/20, 3:41 am, "David Winsemius" <dwinsemius at comcast.net> wrote: On 3/18/20 12:44 AM, Wilcox, Chris (O&A, Hobart) wrote: > Hi all, > > I am trying to fit a model with a markov random field smooth in mgcv. I am having some trouble with getting it to run, and in particular I am getting the message > > Error in initial.sp(w * x, S, off) : S[[1]] matrix is not +ve definite. > > After reading everything I could find on mrf, it sounds like there was a bug that was brought up with Simon Wood in 2012, due to differences between windows and linux, with the linus machine stopping due to this error, while windows was not. I have not been able to find much else on it. Any suggestions would be much appreciated. > > There is reproducible code below. > > Thanks > > Chris > > > library(mgcv) > > #create data > Country <- as.factor(c("Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh", > "Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia", > "China","China","China","China","China","China","East Timor","East Timor","East Timor", > "East Timor","East Timor","East Timor","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1", > "HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","China","China","China","China","China","China", > "India","India","India","India","India","India","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia", > "Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar", > "Myanmar","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","South Korea","South Korea", > "South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","China","China","China","China","China","China", > "Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan", > "Taiwan","Taiwan","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam", > "Vietnam","Vietnam")) > > Count <- c(0,0,3,5,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,2,1,0,6,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 > ,0,0,20,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,6,3,3,10,1,1,18,11,8,11,0,1,2,2,1,14,0,0,0,1,0,0 > ,0,0,4,3,9,16,0,0,3,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,33,18,8,16,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,1,14,6,8,2 > ,0,0,0,0,1,1) > > Data <- data.frame(Count,Country) I'm not seeing any spatial data being defined, so I'm puzzled by the expectation that this is yet a markov random field problem. You appear to be following the last part of the example code in ?smooth.construct.mrf.smooth.spec {mgcv} without constructing your data set to match the structure of the `columb` example dataset. str(columb) #------------------ 'data.frame': 49 obs. of 8 variables: $ area : num 0.3094 0.2593 0.1925 0.0838 0.4889 ... $ home.value: num 80.5 44.6 26.4 33.2 23.2 ... $ income : num 19.53 21.23 15.96 4.48 11.25 ... $ crime : num 15.7 18.8 30.6 32.4 50.7 ... $ open.space: num 2.851 5.297 4.535 0.394 0.406 ... $ district : Factor w/ 49 levels "0","1","2","3",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ... $ x : num 8.83 8.33 9.01 8.46 9.01 ... $ y : num 14.4 14 13.8 13.7 13.3 ... You are also committing a common R-beginner error in accessing columns of a data object directly in a formula while failing to use a data argument for a regression call. -- David. > > #create neighbour matrix > NB <- list() > NB$'East Timor' <- c(1,2,15) > NB$Australia <- c(1,2,15) > NB$'Sri Lanka' <-c(3,12,16) > NB$Bangladesh <-c(4,12,13,16) > NB$Philippines <- c(5,6,11,14,15,17) > NB$Taiwan <- c(5,6,11) > NB$Thailand <- c(7,8,10,12,13,14,15) > NB$Vietnam <- c(7,8,10,11,14,15) > NB$`South Korea` <- c(9,11) > NB$Cambodia <- c(7,8,10) > NB$China <- c(5,6,8,9,11,14) > NB$India <- c(3,4,7,12,13,15,16) > NB$Myanmar <- c(4,7,12,13,16) > NB$Malaysia <- c(5,7,8,11,14,15) > NB$Indonesia <- c(1,2,5,7,8,12,14,15) > NB$HighSeas2 <- c(3,4,12,13,16) > NB$HighSeas1 <- c(5,17) > > #check levels and names match > all.equal(sort(names(NB)), sort(levels(Data$Country))) > > #try fitting GAM > m1 <- gam(Data$Count ~ s(Data$Country, bs = 'mrf', xt = list(nb = NB))) > > > > ______________________________________________ > R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
Hi Chris, It's kind of a documentation glitch, a node is not supposed to be listed as its own neighbour (it causes the diagonal entries in the penalty matrix to be over-written by the wrong value). i.e. the neighbour list should be. ?NB <- list() ??? NB$'East Timor' <- c(2,15) ??? NB$Australia <- c(1,15) ??? NB$'Sri Lanka' <-c(12,16) ??? NB$Bangladesh <-c(12,13,16) ??? NB$Philippines <- c(6,11,14,15,17) ??? NB$Taiwan <- c(5,11) ??? NB$Thailand <- c(8,10,12,13,14,15) ??? NB$Vietnam <- c(7,10,11,14,15) ??? NB$`South Korea` <- c(11) ??? NB$Cambodia <- c(7,8) ??? NB$China <- c(5,6,8,9,14) ??? NB$India <- c(3,4,7,13,15,16) ??? NB$Myanmar <- c(4,7,12,16) ??? NB$Malaysia <- c(5,7,8,11,15) ??? NB$Indonesia <- c(1,2,5,7,8,12,14) ??? NB$HighSeas2 <- c(3,4,12,13) ??? NB$HighSeas1 <- c(5) I've fixed the help page and had the smooth constructor ignore auto-neighbours for the next release. best, Simon ? On 18/03/2020 07:44, Wilcox, Chris (O&A, Hobart) wrote:> Hi all, > > I am trying to fit a model with a markov random field smooth in mgcv. I am having some trouble with getting it to run, and in particular I am getting the message > > Error in initial.sp(w * x, S, off) : S[[1]] matrix is not +ve definite. > > After reading everything I could find on mrf, it sounds like there was a bug that was brought up with Simon Wood in 2012, due to differences between windows and linux, with the linus machine stopping due to this error, while windows was not. I have not been able to find much else on it. Any suggestions would be much appreciated. > > There is reproducible code below. > > Thanks > > Chris > > > library(mgcv) > > #create data > Country <- as.factor(c("Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh", > "Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia", > "China","China","China","China","China","China","East Timor","East Timor","East Timor", > "East Timor","East Timor","East Timor","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1", > "HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","China","China","China","China","China","China", > "India","India","India","India","India","India","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia", > "Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar", > "Myanmar","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","South Korea","South Korea", > "South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","China","China","China","China","China","China", > "Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan", > "Taiwan","Taiwan","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam", > "Vietnam","Vietnam")) > > Count <- c(0,0,3,5,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,2,1,0,6,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 > ,0,0,20,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,6,3,3,10,1,1,18,11,8,11,0,1,2,2,1,14,0,0,0,1,0,0 > ,0,0,4,3,9,16,0,0,3,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,33,18,8,16,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,1,14,6,8,2 > ,0,0,0,0,1,1) > > Data <- data.frame(Count,Country) > > #create neighbour matrix > NB <- list() > NB$'East Timor' <- c(1,2,15) > NB$Australia <- c(1,2,15) > NB$'Sri Lanka' <-c(3,12,16) > NB$Bangladesh <-c(4,12,13,16) > NB$Philippines <- c(5,6,11,14,15,17) > NB$Taiwan <- c(5,6,11) > NB$Thailand <- c(7,8,10,12,13,14,15) > NB$Vietnam <- c(7,8,10,11,14,15) > NB$`South Korea` <- c(9,11) > NB$Cambodia <- c(7,8,10) > NB$China <- c(5,6,8,9,11,14) > NB$India <- c(3,4,7,12,13,15,16) > NB$Myanmar <- c(4,7,12,13,16) > NB$Malaysia <- c(5,7,8,11,14,15) > NB$Indonesia <- c(1,2,5,7,8,12,14,15) > NB$HighSeas2 <- c(3,4,12,13,16) > NB$HighSeas1 <- c(5,17) > > #check levels and names match > all.equal(sort(names(NB)), sort(levels(Data$Country))) > > #try fitting GAM > m1 <- gam(Data$Count ~ s(Data$Country, bs = 'mrf', xt = list(nb = NB))) > > > > ______________________________________________ > R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.-- Simon Wood, School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, BS8 1TW UK https://people.maths.bris.ac.uk/~sw15190/
Wilcox, Chris (O&A, Hobart)
2020-Apr-29 23:44 UTC
[R] FW: problem with markov random field smooths in mgcv
Thanks very much Simon, that is super helpful. Best, Chris ?On 25/3/20, 9:47 am, "Simon Wood" <simon.wood at bath.edu> wrote: Hi Chris, It's kind of a documentation glitch, a node is not supposed to be listed as its own neighbour (it causes the diagonal entries in the penalty matrix to be over-written by the wrong value). i.e. the neighbour list should be. NB <- list() NB$'East Timor' <- c(2,15) NB$Australia <- c(1,15) NB$'Sri Lanka' <-c(12,16) NB$Bangladesh <-c(12,13,16) NB$Philippines <- c(6,11,14,15,17) NB$Taiwan <- c(5,11) NB$Thailand <- c(8,10,12,13,14,15) NB$Vietnam <- c(7,10,11,14,15) NB$`South Korea` <- c(11) NB$Cambodia <- c(7,8) NB$China <- c(5,6,8,9,14) NB$India <- c(3,4,7,13,15,16) NB$Myanmar <- c(4,7,12,16) NB$Malaysia <- c(5,7,8,11,15) NB$Indonesia <- c(1,2,5,7,8,12,14) NB$HighSeas2 <- c(3,4,12,13) NB$HighSeas1 <- c(5) I've fixed the help page and had the smooth constructor ignore auto-neighbours for the next release. best, Simon On 18/03/2020 07:44, Wilcox, Chris (O&A, Hobart) wrote: > Hi all, > > I am trying to fit a model with a markov random field smooth in mgcv. I am having some trouble with getting it to run, and in particular I am getting the message > > Error in initial.sp(w * x, S, off) : S[[1]] matrix is not +ve definite. > > After reading everything I could find on mrf, it sounds like there was a bug that was brought up with Simon Wood in 2012, due to differences between windows and linux, with the linus machine stopping due to this error, while windows was not. I have not been able to find much else on it. Any suggestions would be much appreciated. > > There is reproducible code below. > > Thanks > > Chris > > > library(mgcv) > > #create data > Country <- as.factor(c("Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Australia","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh", > "Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Bangladesh","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia","Cambodia", > "China","China","China","China","China","China","East Timor","East Timor","East Timor", > "East Timor","East Timor","East Timor","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1","HighSeas1", > "HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","HighSeas2","China","China","China","China","China","China", > "India","India","India","India","India","India","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia","Indonesia", > "Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Malaysia","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar","Myanmar", > "Myanmar","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","Philippines","South Korea","South Korea", > "South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","South Korea","China","China","China","China","China","China", > "Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan","Taiwan", > "Taiwan","Taiwan","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Thailand","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam","Vietnam", > "Vietnam","Vietnam")) > > Count <- c(0,0,3,5,1,5,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,2,1,0,6,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0 > ,0,0,20,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,6,3,3,10,1,1,18,11,8,11,0,1,2,2,1,14,0,0,0,1,0,0 > ,0,0,4,3,9,16,0,0,3,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,33,18,8,16,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,1,14,6,8,2 > ,0,0,0,0,1,1) > > Data <- data.frame(Count,Country) > > #create neighbour matrix > NB <- list() > NB$'East Timor' <- c(1,2,15) > NB$Australia <- c(1,2,15) > NB$'Sri Lanka' <-c(3,12,16) > NB$Bangladesh <-c(4,12,13,16) > NB$Philippines <- c(5,6,11,14,15,17) > NB$Taiwan <- c(5,6,11) > NB$Thailand <- c(7,8,10,12,13,14,15) > NB$Vietnam <- c(7,8,10,11,14,15) > NB$`South Korea` <- c(9,11) > NB$Cambodia <- c(7,8,10) > NB$China <- c(5,6,8,9,11,14) > NB$India <- c(3,4,7,12,13,15,16) > NB$Myanmar <- c(4,7,12,13,16) > NB$Malaysia <- c(5,7,8,11,14,15) > NB$Indonesia <- c(1,2,5,7,8,12,14,15) > NB$HighSeas2 <- c(3,4,12,13,16) > NB$HighSeas1 <- c(5,17) > > #check levels and names match > all.equal(sort(names(NB)), sort(levels(Data$Country))) > > #try fitting GAM > m1 <- gam(Data$Count ~ s(Data$Country, bs = 'mrf', xt = list(nb = NB))) > > > > ______________________________________________ > R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. -- Simon Wood, School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, BS8 1TW UK https://people.maths.bris.ac.uk/~sw15190/