Hello, I have what should be an easy question to answer I hope. I am using Capscale and anovs.cca in vegan to examine relationship between genetic distance among individuals to be predicted by several ecological niche model distance matrices generated from Circuitscape and partialing out distance in space (from lat/lon). I have done the following: Converted all of the distances on the RHS using PCNM and used ?scores? to pull the scores from the PCNM results. My genetic distance is formatted as a ?dist? object on the LHS. The model looks as follows: capscale(gendist~scores(cur)+scores(ms)+scores(el)+scores(lgm)+scores(lig)+scores(mis19)+Condition(scores(dist2)),sqrt.dist=T)->try This works and so does: anova(try, by=?terms) However, when I used anova(try, by=?margin) I get this error: Error in X[, ass != i, drop = FALSE] : (subscript) logical subscript too long If I chose a smaller number of axes, then it will work but seems unstable (P values change from significant to non-significant and vice versa) given the number of axes I choose. This model works with anova(try, by=?margin?) for instance: capscale(gendist~scores(cur,choices=1:20)+scores(ms,choices=1:20)+scores(el,choices=1:20)+scores(lgm,choices=1:20)+scores(lig,choices=1:20)+scores(mis19,choices=1:20)+Condition(scores(dist2,choices=1:20))->try If I increase the number axes to 50 then I get the same error as above. What could be causing this error and is there way to get a stable answer using anova.cca with margins? I thank you very much in advance! Frank P.S. Here are some outputs from the reduced to the full axes model: Call: capscale(formula = gendist ~ scores(cur) + scores(ms) + scores(el) + scores(lgm) + scores(lig) + scores(mis19) + Condition(scores(dist2)), sqrt.dist = T) Inertia Proportion Rank Total 30.3890110 1.0000000 Conditional 20.2125899 0.6651283 115 Constrained 9.9498632 0.3274165 118 Unconstrained 0.2551651 0.0083966 4 Imaginary -0.0286072 -0.0009414 5 Inertia is Nei distance Call: capscale(formula = gendist ~ scores(cur, choices = 1:20) + scores(ms, choices = 1:20) + scores(el, choices = 1:20) + scores(lgm, choices = 1:20) + scores(lig, choices = 1:20) + scores(mis19, choices = 1:20) + Condition(scores(dist2, choices = 1:20))) Inertia Proportion Rank Total 10.1488 1.0000 Conditional 6.9685 0.6866 20 Constrained 3.1599 0.3114 120 Unconstrained 1.9522 0.1924 97 Imaginary -1.9319 -0.1904 88 Inertia is squared Nei distance Some constraints were aliased because they were collinear (redundant) -- *__________________________________* *Frank T. Burbrink, Ph.D.* *Curator in Charge* *Department of Herpetology* *American Museum of Natural History* *Central Park West at 79th Street* *New York, NY 10024-5192* *Website: https://sites.google.com/view/frank-burbrink-website/ <https://sites.google.com/view/frank-burbrink-website/>* [[alternative HTML version deleted]]