R devel - Jul 2006 - Patch to allow negative argument in head() and tail()

Dear developeRs (and other abuseRs ;-),

I would like to contribute a patch against functions head() and tail() of 
package utils to allow for a negative 'n' argument. This allows to
extract
all but the first/last 'n' elements/rows/lines of an object, similar to 
the "drop" operator of APL. [1]

I put the patched head.R and head.Rd files, along with diff files in

	http://vgoulet.act.ulaval.ca/pub/R/

The differences were obtained against today's version of r-devel (more 
specifically revision 30277 of head.R and revision 30915 of head.Rd).

Some comments:

- The current version of head() and tail() will accept a vector of length > 1
for argument 'n' but will silently use the smallest value. This became 
awkward to reproduce in my versions and did not seem interesting anyway. 
Instead, I added an error message if length(n)  > 1.

- I used the word "scalar" in the aforementioned error message to mean
a
vector of length 1. Perhaps is this not the correct R terminology?

- I added a 'addrownums = TRUE' argument to head() used when n < 0,
similar to
tail() with n > 0. This required to write separate methods for 
classes 'data.frame' and 'matrix'.

- The 'function' methods are not modified.

- In the man page, the 'function' method was not documented in the usage
section. Done now.

- I don't think the patch would break any existing code, except code using
the
(undocumented) "feature" mentioned in my first remark, above.

I hope you will find my (albeit small) contribution useful.

Best regards,

-----
[1] See previous messages to r-devel by myself 
<https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-devel/2005-April/032881.html>
and Bill Venables 
<https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-devel/2005-May/033081.html>

-- 
  Vincent Goulet, Associate Professor
  ?cole d'actuariat
  Universit? Laval, Qu?bec 
  Vincent.Goulet at act.ulaval.ca   http://vgoulet.act.ulaval.ca

>>>>> "Vincent" == Vincent Goulet <vincent.goulet at
act.ulaval.ca>
>>>>>     on Mon, 17 Jul 2006 15:03:34 -0400 writes:
    Vincent> Dear developeRs (and other abuseRs ;-),

    Vincent> I would like to contribute a patch against
    Vincent> functions head() and tail() of package utils to
    Vincent> allow for a negative 'n' argument. This allows to
    Vincent> extract all but the first/last 'n'
    Vincent> elements/rows/lines of an object, similar to the
    Vincent> "drop" operator of APL. [1]

Hmm, if you reread  Bill Venables proposal (URL below), you did
something different : In Bill's (and my!) "book",

  head would always give the *first* few entries and 
  tail would always give the *last*  few entries.

That's different from APL's drop, but for a good reason:
The words 'head' and 'tail' exactly suggest so.

    Vincent> I put the patched head.R and head.Rd files, along with diff
files in
    Vincent> http://vgoulet.act.ulaval.ca/pub/R/

    Vincent> The differences were obtained against today's version of
r-devel (more
    Vincent> specifically revision 30277 of head.R and revision 30915 of
head.Rd).

That's good (to take the "current" sources for the diffs).

    Vincent> Some comments:

    Vincent> - The current version of head() and tail() will
    Vincent> accept a vector of length > 1 for argument 'n' but
    Vincent> will silently use the smallest value. This became
    Vincent> awkward to reproduce in my versions and did not
    Vincent> seem interesting anyway.  Instead, I added an error
    Vincent> message if length(n) > 1.

that's ok in my view

    Vincent> - I used the word "scalar" in the aforementioned
    Vincent> error message to mean a vector of length 1. Perhaps
    Vincent> is this not the correct R terminology?

indeed, it's rarely used in R terminology; for one reason
because S (and hence R) does not differentiate between length-1
vectors and scalars the way APL does.

    Vincent> - I added a 'addrownums = TRUE' argument to head() used
when n < 0, similar to
    Vincent> tail() with n > 0. This required to write separate methods
for
    Vincent> classes 'data.frame' and 'matrix'.

seems not unreasonable {I did not yet look at your implementation there}

    Vincent> - The 'function' methods are not modified.

    Vincent> - In the man page, the 'function' method was not
documented in the usage
    Vincent> section. Done now.

ok, though not necessary: The recommended approach is to only
   document methods when they have ``surprising arguments'', i.e.,
   arguments not in the generic function.

In our case, 'n = 6' is not part of the generic, so strictly
speaking *is* a "surprising argument". 
Probably it was not made part of the generic, since it's
imaginable to have objects whose "head" is always of a fixed
given size, and where specifying 'n' does not make sense.


    Vincent> - I don't think the patch would break any existing code,
except code using the
    Vincent> (undocumented) "feature" mentioned in my first remark,
above.

    Vincent> I hope you will find my (albeit small) contribution useful.

Yes, but can you change it such that head() does give the "head"
and tail() the "tail" also for negative 'n' ?

    Vincent> Best regards,

Bonnes salutations,
Martin

    Vincent> -----
    Vincent> [1] See previous messages to r-devel by myself 
    Vincent>
<https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-devel/2005-April/032881.html>

    Vincent> and Bill Venables 
    Vincent>
<https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-devel/2005-May/033081.html>