Linux Virtualization - Jun 2016 - [PATCH v6v3 02/12] mm: migrate: support non-lru movable page migration

Per Vlastimil's review comment,

Vlastimil, I updated based on your comment. Please review this.
If everything is done, I will send v7 rebased on recent mmotm.

Thanks for the review!
>From ad4157e98651a2d18fd0a4ae90d1d9f609aab314 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Minchan Kim <minchan at kernel.org>
Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2016 10:34:49 +0900
Subject: [PATCH v6r2] mm: migrate: support non-lru movable page migration

We have allowed migration for only LRU pages until now and it was
enough to make high-order pages. But recently, embedded system(e.g.,
webOS, android) uses lots of non-movable pages(e.g., zram, GPU memory)
so we have seen several reports about troubles of small high-order
allocation. For fixing the problem, there were several efforts
(e,g,. enhance compaction algorithm, SLUB fallback to 0-order page,
reserved memory, vmalloc and so on) but if there are lots of
non-movable pages in system, their solutions are void in the long run.

So, this patch is to support facility to change non-movable pages
with movable. For the feature, this patch introduces functions related
to migration to address_space_operations as well as some page flags.

If a driver want to make own pages movable, it should define three functions
which are function pointers of struct address_space_operations.

1. bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode);

What VM expects on isolate_page function of driver is to return *true*
if driver isolates page successfully. On returing true, VM marks the page
as PG_isolated so concurrent isolation in several CPUs skip the page
for isolation. If a driver cannot isolate the page, it should return *false*.

Once page is successfully isolated, VM uses page.lru fields so driver
shouldn't expect to preserve values in that fields.

2. int (*migratepage) (struct address_space *mapping,
		struct page *newpage, struct page *oldpage, enum migrate_mode);

After isolation, VM calls migratepage of driver with isolated page.
The function of migratepage is to move content of the old page to new page
and set up fields of struct page newpage. Keep in mind that you should
clear PG_movable of oldpage via __ClearPageMovable under page_lock if you
migrated the oldpage successfully and returns 0.
If driver cannot migrate the page at the moment, driver can return -EAGAIN.
On -EAGAIN, VM will retry page migration in a short time because VM interprets
-EAGAIN as "temporal migration failure". On returning any error except
-EAGAIN,
VM will give up the page migration without retrying in this time.

Driver shouldn't touch page.lru field VM using in the functions.

3. void (*putback_page)(struct page *);

If migration fails on isolated page, VM should return the isolated page
to the driver so VM calls driver's putback_page with migration failed page.
In this function, driver should put the isolated page back to the own data
structure.

4. non-lru movable page flags

There are two page flags for supporting non-lru movable page.

* PG_movable

Driver should use the below function to make page movable under page_lock.

	void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)

It needs argument of address_space for registering migration family functions
which will be called by VM. Exactly speaking, PG_movable is not a real flag of
struct page. Rather than, VM reuses page->mapping's lower bits to
represent it.

	#define PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE 0x2
	page->mapping = page->mapping | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE;

so driver shouldn't access page->mapping directly. Instead, driver should
use page_mapping which mask off the low two bits of page->mapping so it can
get
right struct address_space.

For testing of non-lru movable page, VM supports __PageMovable function.
However, it doesn't guarantee to identify non-lru movable page because
page->mapping field is unified with other variables in struct page.
As well, if driver releases the page after isolation by VM, page->mapping
doesn't have stable value although it has PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE
(Look at __ClearPageMovable). But __PageMovable is cheap to catch whether
page is LRU or non-lru movable once the page has been isolated. Because
LRU pages never can have PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE in page->mapping. It is also
good for just peeking to test non-lru movable pages before more expensive
checking with lock_page in pfn scanning to select victim.

For guaranteeing non-lru movable page, VM provides PageMovable function.
Unlike __PageMovable, PageMovable functions validates page->mapping and
mapping->a_ops->isolate_page under lock_page. The lock_page prevents
sudden
destroying of page->mapping.

Driver using __SetPageMovable should clear the flag via __ClearMovablePage
under page_lock before the releasing the page.

* PG_isolated

To prevent concurrent isolation among several CPUs, VM marks isolated page
as PG_isolated under lock_page. So if a CPU encounters PG_isolated non-lru
movable page, it can skip it. Driver doesn't need to manipulate the flag
because VM will set/clear it automatically. Keep in mind that if driver
sees PG_isolated page, it means the page have been isolated by VM so it
shouldn't touch page.lru field.
PG_isolated is alias with PG_reclaim flag so driver shouldn't use the flag
for own purpose.

Cc: Rik van Riel <riel at redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka at suse.cz>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim at lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman at suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd at google.com>
Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini at redhat.com>
Cc: virtualization at lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet at lwn.net>
Cc: John Einar Reitan <john.reitan at foss.arm.com>
Cc: dri-devel at lists.freedesktop.org
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky at gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Gioh Kim <gi-oh.kim at profitbricks.com>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan at kernel.org>
---
 Documentation/filesystems/Locking |   4 +
 Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt |  11 +++
 Documentation/vm/page_migration   | 107 ++++++++++++++++++++-
 include/linux/compaction.h        |  17 ++++
 include/linux/fs.h                |   2 +
 include/linux/ksm.h               |   3 +-
 include/linux/migrate.h           |   2 +
 include/linux/mm.h                |   1 +
 include/linux/page-flags.h        |  33 +++++--
 mm/compaction.c                   |  80 ++++++++++++----
 mm/ksm.c                          |   4 +-
 mm/migrate.c                      | 192 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 mm/page_alloc.c                   |   2 +-
 mm/util.c                         |   6 +-
 14 files changed, 412 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
index af7c030a0368..3991a976cf43 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
@@ -195,7 +195,9 @@ unlocks and drops the reference.
 	int (*releasepage) (struct page *, int);
 	void (*freepage)(struct page *);
 	int (*direct_IO)(struct kiocb *, struct iov_iter *iter);
+	bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *, isolate_mode_t);
 	int (*migratepage)(struct address_space *, struct page *, struct page *);
+	void (*putback_page) (struct page *);
 	int (*launder_page)(struct page *);
 	int (*is_partially_uptodate)(struct page *, unsigned long, unsigned long);
 	int (*error_remove_page)(struct address_space *, struct page *);
@@ -219,7 +221,9 @@ invalidatepage:		yes
 releasepage:		yes
 freepage:		yes
 direct_IO:
+isolate_page:		yes
 migratepage:		yes (both)
+putback_page:		yes
 launder_page:		yes
 is_partially_uptodate:	yes
 error_remove_page:	yes
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
index 19366fef2652..9d4ae317fdcb 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
@@ -591,9 +591,14 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	int (*releasepage) (struct page *, int);
 	void (*freepage)(struct page *);
 	ssize_t (*direct_IO)(struct kiocb *, struct iov_iter *iter);
+	/* isolate a page for migration */
+	bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *, isolate_mode_t);
 	/* migrate the contents of a page to the specified target */
 	int (*migratepage) (struct page *, struct page *);
+	/* put migration-failed page back to right list */
+	void (*putback_page) (struct page *);
 	int (*launder_page) (struct page *);
+
 	int (*is_partially_uptodate) (struct page *, unsigned long,
 					unsigned long);
 	void (*is_dirty_writeback) (struct page *, bool *, bool *);
@@ -739,6 +744,10 @@ struct address_space_operations {
         and transfer data directly between the storage and the
         application's address space.
 
+  isolate_page: Called by the VM when isolating a movable non-lru page.
+	If page is successfully isolated, VM marks the page as PG_isolated
+	via __SetPageIsolated.
+
   migrate_page:  This is used to compact the physical memory usage.
         If the VM wants to relocate a page (maybe off a memory card
         that is signalling imminent failure) it will pass a new page
@@ -746,6 +755,8 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	transfer any private data across and update any references
         that it has to the page.
 
+  putback_page: Called by the VM when isolated page's migration fails.
+
   launder_page: Called before freeing a page - it writes back the dirty page.
To
   	prevent redirtying the page, it is kept locked during the whole
 	operation.
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/page_migration b/Documentation/vm/page_migration
index fea5c0864170..80e98af46e95 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/page_migration
+++ b/Documentation/vm/page_migration
@@ -142,5 +142,110 @@ is increased so that the page cannot be freed while page
migration occurs.
 20. The new page is moved to the LRU and can be scanned by the swapper
     etc again.
 
-Christoph Lameter, May 8, 2006.
+C. Non-LRU page migration
+-------------------------
+
+Although original migration aimed for reducing the latency of memory access
+for NUMA, compaction who want to create high-order page is also main customer.
+
+Current problem of the implementation is that it is designed to migrate only
+*LRU* pages. However, there are potential non-lru pages which can be migrated
+in drivers, for example, zsmalloc, virtio-balloon pages.
+
+For virtio-balloon pages, some parts of migration code path have been hooked
+up and added virtio-balloon specific functions to intercept migration logics.
+It's too specific to a driver so other drivers who want to make their pages
+movable would have to add own specific hooks in migration path.
+
+To overclome the problem, VM supports non-LRU page migration which provides
+generic functions for non-LRU movable pages without driver specific hooks
+migration path.
+
+If a driver want to make own pages movable, it should define three functions
+which are function pointers of struct address_space_operations.
+
+1. bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode);
+
+What VM expects on isolate_page function of driver is to return *true*
+if driver isolates page successfully. On returing true, VM marks the page
+as PG_isolated so concurrent isolation in several CPUs skip the page
+for isolation. If a driver cannot isolate the page, it should return *false*.
+
+Once page is successfully isolated, VM uses page.lru fields so driver
+shouldn't expect to preserve values in that fields.
+
+2. int (*migratepage) (struct address_space *mapping,
+		struct page *newpage, struct page *oldpage, enum migrate_mode);
+
+After isolation, VM calls migratepage of driver with isolated page.
+The function of migratepage is to move content of the old page to new page
+and set up fields of struct page newpage. Keep in mind that you should
+clear PG_movable of oldpage via __ClearPageMovable under page_lock if you
+migrated the oldpage successfully and returns 0.
+If driver cannot migrate the page at the moment, driver can return -EAGAIN.
+On -EAGAIN, VM will retry page migration in a short time because VM interprets
+-EAGAIN as "temporal migration failure". On returning any error
except -EAGAIN,
+VM will give up the page migration without retrying in this time.
+
+Driver shouldn't touch page.lru field VM using in the functions.
+
+3. void (*putback_page)(struct page *);
+
+If migration fails on isolated page, VM should return the isolated page
+to the driver so VM calls driver's putback_page with migration failed page.
+In this function, driver should put the isolated page back to the own data
+structure.
 
+4. non-lru movable page flags
+
+There are two page flags for supporting non-lru movable page.
+
+* PG_movable
+
+Driver should use the below function to make page movable under page_lock.
+
+	void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)
+
+It needs argument of address_space for registering migration family functions
+which will be called by VM. Exactly speaking, PG_movable is not a real flag of
+struct page. Rather than, VM reuses page->mapping's lower bits to
represent it.
+
+	#define PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE 0x2
+	page->mapping = page->mapping | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE;
+
+so driver shouldn't access page->mapping directly. Instead, driver
should
+use page_mapping which mask off the low two bits of page->mapping so it can
get
+right struct address_space.
+
+For testing of non-lru movable page, VM supports __PageMovable function.
+However, it doesn't guarantee to identify non-lru movable page because
+page->mapping field is unified with other variables in struct page.
+As well, if driver releases the page after isolation by VM, page->mapping
+doesn't have stable value although it has PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE
+(Look at __ClearPageMovable). But __PageMovable is cheap to catch whether
+page is LRU or non-lru movable once the page has been isolated. Because
+LRU pages never can have PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE in page->mapping. It is also
+good for just peeking to test non-lru movable pages before more expensive
+checking with lock_page in pfn scanning to select victim.
+
+For guaranteeing non-lru movable page, VM provides PageMovable function.
+Unlike __PageMovable, PageMovable functions validates page->mapping and
+mapping->a_ops->isolate_page under lock_page. The lock_page prevents
sudden
+destroying of page->mapping.
+
+Driver using __SetPageMovable should clear the flag via __ClearMovablePage
+under page_lock before the releasing the page.
+
+* PG_isolated
+
+To prevent concurrent isolation among several CPUs, VM marks isolated page
+as PG_isolated under lock_page. So if a CPU encounters PG_isolated non-lru
+movable page, it can skip it. Driver doesn't need to manipulate the flag
+because VM will set/clear it automatically. Keep in mind that if driver
+sees PG_isolated page, it means the page have been isolated by VM so it
+shouldn't touch page.lru field.
+PG_isolated is alias with PG_reclaim flag so driver shouldn't use the flag
+for own purpose.
+
+Christoph Lameter, May 8, 2006.
+Minchan Kim, Mar 28, 2016.
diff --git a/include/linux/compaction.h b/include/linux/compaction.h
index a58c852a268f..c6b47c861cea 100644
--- a/include/linux/compaction.h
+++ b/include/linux/compaction.h
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ enum compact_result {
 struct alloc_context; /* in mm/internal.h */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
+extern int PageMovable(struct page *page);
+extern void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping);
+extern void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page);
 extern int sysctl_compact_memory;
 extern int sysctl_compaction_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 			void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos);
@@ -151,6 +154,19 @@ extern void kcompactd_stop(int nid);
 extern void wakeup_kcompactd(pg_data_t *pgdat, int order, int classzone_idx);
 
 #else
+static inline int PageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page,
+			struct address_space *mapping)
+{
+}
+
+static inline void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+}
+
 static inline enum compact_result try_to_compact_pages(gfp_t gfp_mask,
 			unsigned int order, int alloc_flags,
 			const struct alloc_context *ac,
@@ -212,6 +228,7 @@ static inline void wakeup_kcompactd(pg_data_t *pgdat, int
order, int classzone_i
 #endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION) && defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) &&
defined(CONFIG_NUMA)
+struct node;
 extern int compaction_register_node(struct node *node);
 extern void compaction_unregister_node(struct node *node);
 
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 0cfdf2aec8f7..39ef97414033 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -402,6 +402,8 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	 */
 	int (*migratepage) (struct address_space *,
 			struct page *, struct page *, enum migrate_mode);
+	bool (*isolate_page)(struct page *, isolate_mode_t);
+	void (*putback_page)(struct page *);
 	int (*launder_page) (struct page *);
 	int (*is_partially_uptodate) (struct page *, unsigned long,
 					unsigned long);
diff --git a/include/linux/ksm.h b/include/linux/ksm.h
index 7ae216a39c9e..481c8c4627ca 100644
--- a/include/linux/ksm.h
+++ b/include/linux/ksm.h
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ static inline struct stable_node *page_stable_node(struct page
*page)
 static inline void set_page_stable_node(struct page *page,
 					struct stable_node *stable_node)
 {
-	page->mapping = (void *)stable_node +
-				(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
+	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)stable_node | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/include/linux/migrate.h b/include/linux/migrate.h
index 9b50325e4ddf..404fbfefeb33 100644
--- a/include/linux/migrate.h
+++ b/include/linux/migrate.h
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ extern int migrate_page(struct address_space *,
 			struct page *, struct page *, enum migrate_mode);
 extern int migrate_pages(struct list_head *l, new_page_t new, free_page_t free,
 		unsigned long private, enum migrate_mode mode, int reason);
+extern bool isolate_movable_page(struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode);
+extern void putback_movable_page(struct page *page);
 
 extern int migrate_prep(void);
 extern int migrate_prep_local(void);
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index a00ec816233a..33eaec57e997 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1035,6 +1035,7 @@ static inline pgoff_t page_file_index(struct page *page)
 }
 
 bool page_mapped(struct page *page);
+struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page *page);
 
 /*
  * Return true only if the page has been allocated with
diff --git a/include/linux/page-flags.h b/include/linux/page-flags.h
index e5a32445f930..f36dbb3a3060 100644
--- a/include/linux/page-flags.h
+++ b/include/linux/page-flags.h
@@ -129,6 +129,9 @@ enum pageflags {
 
 	/* Compound pages. Stored in first tail page's flags */
 	PG_double_map = PG_private_2,
+
+	/* non-lru isolated movable page */
+	PG_isolated = PG_reclaim,
 };
 
 #ifndef __GENERATING_BOUNDS_H
@@ -357,29 +360,37 @@ PAGEFLAG(Idle, idle, PF_ANY)
  * with the PAGE_MAPPING_ANON bit set to distinguish it.  See rmap.h.
  *
  * On an anonymous page in a VM_MERGEABLE area, if CONFIG_KSM is enabled,
- * the PAGE_MAPPING_KSM bit may be set along with the PAGE_MAPPING_ANON bit;
- * and then page->mapping points, not to an anon_vma, but to a private
+ * the PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE bit may be set along with the PAGE_MAPPING_ANON
+ * bit; and then page->mapping points, not to an anon_vma, but to a private
  * structure which KSM associates with that merged page.  See ksm.h.
  *
- * PAGE_MAPPING_KSM without PAGE_MAPPING_ANON is currently never used.
+ * PAGE_MAPPING_KSM without PAGE_MAPPING_ANON is used for non-lru movable
+ * page and then page->mapping points a struct address_space.
  *
  * Please note that, confusingly, "page_mapping" refers to the inode
  * address_space which maps the page from disk; whereas "page_mapped"
  * refers to user virtual address space into which the page is mapped.
  */
-#define PAGE_MAPPING_ANON	1
-#define PAGE_MAPPING_KSM	2
-#define PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS	(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM)
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_ANON	0x1
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE	0x2
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_KSM	(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE)
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS	(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE)
 
-static __always_inline int PageAnonHead(struct page *page)
+static __always_inline int PageMappingFlags(struct page *page)
 {
-	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON) != 0;
+	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS) != 0;
 }
 
 static __always_inline int PageAnon(struct page *page)
 {
 	page = compound_head(page);
-	return PageAnonHead(page);
+	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON) != 0;
+}
+
+static __always_inline int __PageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS) =+			
PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE;
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_KSM
@@ -393,7 +404,7 @@ static __always_inline int PageKsm(struct page *page)
 {
 	page = compound_head(page);
 	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS) =-			
(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
+				PAGE_MAPPING_KSM;
 }
 #else
 TESTPAGEFLAG_FALSE(Ksm)
@@ -641,6 +652,8 @@ static inline void __ClearPageBalloon(struct page *page)
 	atomic_set(&page->_mapcount, -1);
 }
 
+__PAGEFLAG(Isolated, isolated, PF_ANY);
+
 /*
  * If network-based swap is enabled, sl*b must keep track of whether pages
  * were allocated from pfmemalloc reserves.
diff --git a/mm/compaction.c b/mm/compaction.c
index 1427366ad673..c7e0cd4dda9d 100644
--- a/mm/compaction.c
+++ b/mm/compaction.c
@@ -81,6 +81,39 @@ static inline bool migrate_async_suitable(int migratetype)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
 
+int PageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping;
+
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
+	if (!__PageMovable(page))
+		return 0;
+
+	mapping = page_mapping(page);
+	if (mapping && mapping->a_ops &&
mapping->a_ops->isolate_page)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(PageMovable);
+
+void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)
+{
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE, page);
+	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)mapping | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__SetPageMovable);
+
+void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageMovable(page), page);
+	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)page->mapping &
+				PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ClearPageMovable);
+
 /* Do not skip compaction more than 64 times */
 #define COMPACT_MAX_DEFER_SHIFT 6
 
@@ -735,21 +768,6 @@ isolate_migratepages_block(struct compact_control *cc,
unsigned long low_pfn,
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Check may be lockless but that's ok as we recheck later.
-		 * It's possible to migrate LRU pages and balloon pages
-		 * Skip any other type of page
-		 */
-		is_lru = PageLRU(page);
-		if (!is_lru) {
-			if (unlikely(balloon_page_movable(page))) {
-				if (balloon_page_isolate(page)) {
-					/* Successfully isolated */
-					goto isolate_success;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		/*
 		 * Regardless of being on LRU, compound pages such as THP and
 		 * hugetlbfs are not to be compacted. We can potentially save
 		 * a lot of iterations if we skip them at once. The check is
@@ -765,8 +783,38 @@ isolate_migratepages_block(struct compact_control *cc,
unsigned long low_pfn,
 			goto isolate_fail;
 		}
 
-		if (!is_lru)
+		/*
+		 * Check may be lockless but that's ok as we recheck later.
+		 * It's possible to migrate LRU and non-lru movable pages.
+		 * Skip any other type of page
+		 */
+		is_lru = PageLRU(page);
+		if (!is_lru) {
+			if (unlikely(balloon_page_movable(page))) {
+				if (balloon_page_isolate(page)) {
+					/* Successfully isolated */
+					goto isolate_success;
+				}
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * __PageMovable can return false positive so we need
+			 * to verify it under page_lock.
+			 */
+			if (unlikely(__PageMovable(page)) &&
+					!PageIsolated(page)) {
+				if (locked) {
+					spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lru_lock,
+									flags);
+					locked = false;
+				}
+
+				if (isolate_movable_page(page, isolate_mode))
+					goto isolate_success;
+			}
+
 			goto isolate_fail;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * Migration will fail if an anonymous page is pinned in memory,
diff --git a/mm/ksm.c b/mm/ksm.c
index 4786b4150f62..35b8aef867a9 100644
--- a/mm/ksm.c
+++ b/mm/ksm.c
@@ -532,8 +532,8 @@ static struct page *get_ksm_page(struct stable_node
*stable_node, bool lock_it)
 	void *expected_mapping;
 	unsigned long kpfn;
 
-	expected_mapping = (void *)stable_node +
-				(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
+	expected_mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)stable_node |
+					PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
 again:
 	kpfn = READ_ONCE(stable_node->kpfn);
 	page = pfn_to_page(kpfn);
diff --git a/mm/migrate.c b/mm/migrate.c
index 2666f28b5236..60abcf379b51 100644
--- a/mm/migrate.c
+++ b/mm/migrate.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/security.h>
 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
+#include <linux/compaction.h>
 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
 #include <linux/hugetlb_cgroup.h>
@@ -73,6 +74,81 @@ int migrate_prep_local(void)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+bool isolate_movable_page(struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping;
+
+	/*
+	 * Avoid burning cycles with pages that are yet under __free_pages(),
+	 * or just got freed under us.
+	 *
+	 * In case we 'win' a race for a movable page being freed under us and
+	 * raise its refcount preventing __free_pages() from doing its job
+	 * the put_page() at the end of this block will take care of
+	 * release this page, thus avoiding a nasty leakage.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(!get_page_unless_zero(page)))
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check PageMovable before holding a PG_lock because page's owner
+	 * assumes anybody doesn't touch PG_lock of newly allocated page
+	 * so unconditionally grapping the lock ruins page's owner side.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(!__PageMovable(page)))
+		goto out_putpage;
+	/*
+	 * As movable pages are not isolated from LRU lists, concurrent
+	 * compaction threads can race against page migration functions
+	 * as well as race against the releasing a page.
+	 *
+	 * In order to avoid having an already isolated movable page
+	 * being (wrongly) re-isolated while it is under migration,
+	 * or to avoid attempting to isolate pages being released,
+	 * lets be sure we have the page lock
+	 * before proceeding with the movable page isolation steps.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(!trylock_page(page)))
+		goto out_putpage;
+
+	if (!PageMovable(page) || PageIsolated(page))
+		goto out_no_isolated;
+
+	mapping = page_mapping(page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!mapping, page);
+
+	if (!mapping->a_ops->isolate_page(page, mode))
+		goto out_no_isolated;
+
+	/* Driver shouldn't use PG_isolated bit of page->flags */
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(PageIsolated(page));
+	__SetPageIsolated(page);
+	unlock_page(page);
+
+	return true;
+
+out_no_isolated:
+	unlock_page(page);
+out_putpage:
+	put_page(page);
+out:
+	return false;
+}
+
+/* It should be called on page which is PG_movable */
+void putback_movable_page(struct page *page)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping;
+
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageMovable(page), page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageIsolated(page), page);
+
+	mapping = page_mapping(page);
+	mapping->a_ops->putback_page(page);
+	__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+}
+
 /*
  * Put previously isolated pages back onto the appropriate lists
  * from where they were once taken off for compaction/migration.
@@ -94,10 +170,25 @@ void putback_movable_pages(struct list_head *l)
 		list_del(&page->lru);
 		dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_ISOLATED_ANON +
 				page_is_file_cache(page));
-		if (unlikely(isolated_balloon_page(page)))
+		if (unlikely(isolated_balloon_page(page))) {
 			balloon_page_putback(page);
-		else
+		/*
+		 * We isolated non-lru movable page so here we can use
+		 * __PageMovable because LRU page's mapping cannot have
+		 * PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE.
+		 */
+		} else if (unlikely(__PageMovable(page))) {
+			VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageIsolated(page), page);
+			lock_page(page);
+			if (PageMovable(page))
+				putback_movable_page(page);
+			else
+				__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+			unlock_page(page);
+			put_page(page);
+		} else {
 			putback_lru_page(page);
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -592,7 +683,7 @@ void migrate_page_copy(struct page *newpage, struct page
*page)
  ***********************************************************/
 
 /*
- * Common logic to directly migrate a single page suitable for
+ * Common logic to directly migrate a single LRU page suitable for
  * pages that do not use PagePrivate/PagePrivate2.
  *
  * Pages are locked upon entry and exit.
@@ -755,33 +846,72 @@ static int move_to_new_page(struct page *newpage, struct
page *page,
 				enum migrate_mode mode)
 {
 	struct address_space *mapping;
-	int rc;
+	int rc = -EAGAIN;
+	bool is_lru = !__PageMovable(page);
 
 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(newpage), newpage);
 
 	mapping = page_mapping(page);
-	if (!mapping)
-		rc = migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
-	else if (mapping->a_ops->migratepage)
+
+	if (likely(is_lru)) {
+		if (!mapping)
+			rc = migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
+		else if (mapping->a_ops->migratepage)
+			/*
+			 * Most pages have a mapping and most filesystems
+			 * provide a migratepage callback. Anonymous pages
+			 * are part of swap space which also has its own
+			 * migratepage callback. This is the most common path
+			 * for page migration.
+			 */
+			rc = mapping->a_ops->migratepage(mapping, newpage,
+							page, mode);
+		else
+			rc = fallback_migrate_page(mapping, newpage,
+							page, mode);
+	} else {
 		/*
-		 * Most pages have a mapping and most filesystems provide a
-		 * migratepage callback. Anonymous pages are part of swap
-		 * space which also has its own migratepage callback. This
-		 * is the most common path for page migration.
+		 * In case of non-lru page, it could be released after
+		 * isolation step. In that case, we shouldn't try migration.
 		 */
-		rc = mapping->a_ops->migratepage(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
-	else
-		rc = fallback_migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
+		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageIsolated(page), page);
+		if (!PageMovable(page)) {
+			rc = MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS;
+			__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		rc = mapping->a_ops->migratepage(mapping, newpage,
+						page, mode);
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(rc == MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS &&
+			!PageIsolated(page));
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * When successful, old pagecache page->mapping must be cleared before
 	 * page is freed; but stats require that PageAnon be left as PageAnon.
 	 */
 	if (rc == MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS) {
-		if (!PageAnon(page))
+		if (__PageMovable(page)) {
+			VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageIsolated(page), page);
+
+			/*
+			 * We clear PG_movable under page_lock so any compactor
+			 * cannot try to migrate this page.
+			 */
+			__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Anonymous and movable page->mapping will be cleard by
+		 * free_pages_prepare so don't reset it here for keeping
+		 * the type to work PageAnon, for example.
+		 */
+		if (!PageMappingFlags(page))
 			page->mapping = NULL;
 	}
+out:
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -791,6 +921,7 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct page
*newpage,
 	int rc = -EAGAIN;
 	int page_was_mapped = 0;
 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = NULL;
+	bool is_lru = !__PageMovable(page);
 
 	if (!trylock_page(page)) {
 		if (!force || mode == MIGRATE_ASYNC)
@@ -871,6 +1002,11 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct page
*newpage,
 		goto out_unlock_both;
 	}
 
+	if (unlikely(!is_lru)) {
+		rc = move_to_new_page(newpage, page, mode);
+		goto out_unlock_both;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Corner case handling:
 	 * 1. When a new swap-cache page is read into, it is added to the LRU
@@ -920,7 +1056,8 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct page
*newpage,
 	 * list in here.
 	 */
 	if (rc == MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS) {
-		if (unlikely(__is_movable_balloon_page(newpage)))
+		if (unlikely(__is_movable_balloon_page(newpage) ||
+				__PageMovable(newpage)))
 			put_page(newpage);
 		else
 			putback_lru_page(newpage);
@@ -961,6 +1098,12 @@ static ICE_noinline int unmap_and_move(new_page_t
get_new_page,
 		/* page was freed from under us. So we are done. */
 		ClearPageActive(page);
 		ClearPageUnevictable(page);
+		if (unlikely(__PageMovable(page))) {
+			lock_page(page);
+			if (!PageMovable(page))
+				__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+			unlock_page(page);
+		}
 		if (put_new_page)
 			put_new_page(newpage, private);
 		else
@@ -1010,8 +1153,21 @@ static ICE_noinline int unmap_and_move(new_page_t
get_new_page,
 				num_poisoned_pages_inc();
 		}
 	} else {
-		if (rc != -EAGAIN)
-			putback_lru_page(page);
+		if (rc != -EAGAIN) {
+			if (likely(!__PageMovable(page))) {
+				putback_lru_page(page);
+				goto put_new;
+			}
+
+			lock_page(page);
+			if (PageMovable(page))
+				putback_movable_page(page);
+			else
+				__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+			unlock_page(page);
+			put_page(page);
+		}
+put_new:
 		if (put_new_page)
 			put_new_page(newpage, private);
 		else
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index d27e8b968ac3..4d0ba8f6cfee 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ static __always_inline bool free_pages_prepare(struct page
*page,
 			(page + i)->flags &= ~PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP;
 		}
 	}
-	if (PageAnonHead(page))
+	if (PageMappingFlags(page))
 		page->mapping = NULL;
 	if (check_free)
 		bad += free_pages_check(page);
diff --git a/mm/util.c b/mm/util.c
index 917e0e3d0f8e..b756ee36f7f0 100644
--- a/mm/util.c
+++ b/mm/util.c
@@ -399,10 +399,12 @@ struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page *page)
 	}
 
 	mapping = page->mapping;
-	if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS)
+	if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON)
 		return NULL;
-	return mapping;
+
+	return (void *)((unsigned long)mapping & ~PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_mapping);
 
 /* Slow path of page_mapcount() for compound pages */
 int __page_mapcount(struct page *page)
-- 
1.9.1

On 05/30/2016 03:39 AM, Minchan Kim wrote:
> After isolation, VM calls migratepage of driver with isolated page.
> The function of migratepage is to move content of the old page to new page
> and set up fields of struct page newpage. Keep in mind that you should
> clear PG_movable of oldpage via __ClearPageMovable under page_lock if you
> migrated the oldpage successfully and returns 0.
This "clear PG_movable" is one of the reasons I was confused about
what
__ClearPageMovable() really does. There's no actual "PG_movable"
page
flag and the function doesn't clear even the actual mapping flag :) Also 
same thing in the Documentation/ part.

Something like "... you should indicate to the VM that the oldpage is no 
longer movable via __ClearPageMovable() ..."?
> --- a/mm/compaction.c
> +++ b/mm/compaction.c
> @@ -81,6 +81,39 @@ static inline bool migrate_async_suitable(int
migratetype)
>
>  #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
>
> +int PageMovable(struct page *page)
> +{
> +	struct address_space *mapping;
> +
> +	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
> +	if (!__PageMovable(page))
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	mapping = page_mapping(page);
> +	if (mapping && mapping->a_ops &&
mapping->a_ops->isolate_page)
> +		return 1;
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(PageMovable);
> +
> +void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)
> +{
> +	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
> +	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE, page);
> +	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)mapping |
PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(__SetPageMovable);
> +
> +void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page)
> +{
> +	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
> +	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageMovable(page), page);
> +	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)page->mapping &
> +				PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ClearPageMovable);
The second confusing thing is that the function is named 
__ClearPageMovable(), but what it really clears is the mapping pointer,
which is not at all the opposite of what __SetPageMovable() does.

I know it's explained in the documentation, but it also deserves a 
comment here so it doesn't confuse everyone who looks at it.
Even better would be a less confusing name for the function, but I can't 
offer one right now.
> diff --git a/mm/util.c b/mm/util.c
> index 917e0e3d0f8e..b756ee36f7f0 100644
> --- a/mm/util.c
> +++ b/mm/util.c
> @@ -399,10 +399,12 @@ struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page *page)
>  	}
>
>  	mapping = page->mapping;
I'd probably use READ_ONCE() here to be safe. Not all callers are under 
page lock?
> -	if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS)
> +	if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON)
>  		return NULL;
> -	return mapping;
> +
> +	return (void *)((unsigned long)mapping & ~PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS);
>  }
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_mapping);
>
>  /* Slow path of page_mapcount() for compound pages */
>  int __page_mapcount(struct page *page)
>

On Mon, May 30, 2016 at 11:36:07AM +0200, Vlastimil Babka
wrote:
> On 05/30/2016 03:39 AM, Minchan Kim wrote:
> >After isolation, VM calls migratepage of driver with isolated page.
> >The function of migratepage is to move content of the old page to new
page
> >and set up fields of struct page newpage. Keep in mind that you should
> >clear PG_movable of oldpage via __ClearPageMovable under page_lock if
you
> >migrated the oldpage successfully and returns 0.
> 
> This "clear PG_movable" is one of the reasons I was confused
about
> what __ClearPageMovable() really does. There's no actual
> "PG_movable" page flag and the function doesn't clear even
the
> actual mapping flag :) Also same thing in the Documentation/ part.
> 
> Something like "... you should indicate to the VM that the oldpage
> is no longer movable via __ClearPageMovable() ..."?
It's better. I will change it.
> 
> >--- a/mm/compaction.c
> >+++ b/mm/compaction.c
> >@@ -81,6 +81,39 @@ static inline bool migrate_async_suitable(int
migratetype)
> >
> > #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
> >
> >+int PageMovable(struct page *page)
> >+{
> >+	struct address_space *mapping;
> >+
> >+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
> >+	if (!__PageMovable(page))
> >+		return 0;
> >+
> >+	mapping = page_mapping(page);
> >+	if (mapping && mapping->a_ops &&
mapping->a_ops->isolate_page)
> >+		return 1;
> >+
> >+	return 0;
> >+}
> >+EXPORT_SYMBOL(PageMovable);
> >+
> >+void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space
*mapping)
> >+{
> >+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
> >+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE,
page);
> >+	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)mapping |
PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
> >+}
> >+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__SetPageMovable);
> >+
> >+void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page)
> >+{
> >+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
> >+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageMovable(page), page);
> >+	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)page->mapping &
> >+				PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
> >+}
> >+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ClearPageMovable);
> 
> The second confusing thing is that the function is named
> __ClearPageMovable(), but what it really clears is the mapping
> pointer,
> which is not at all the opposite of what __SetPageMovable() does.
> 
> I know it's explained in the documentation, but it also deserves a
> comment here so it doesn't confuse everyone who looks at it.
> Even better would be a less confusing name for the function, but I
> can't offer one right now.
To me, __ClearPageMovable naming is suitable for user POV.
It effectively makes the page unmovable. The confusion is just caused
by the implementation and I don't prefer exported API depends on the
implementation. So I want to add just comment.

I didn't add comment above the function because I don't want to export
internal implementation to the user. I think they don't need to know it.

index a7df2ae71f2a..d1d2063b4fd9 100644
--- a/mm/compaction.c
+++ b/mm/compaction.c
@@ -108,6 +108,11 @@ void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page)
 {
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageMovable(page), page);
+       /*
+        * Clear registered address_space val with keeping PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE
+        * flag so that VM can catch up released page by driver after isolation.
+        * With it, VM migration doesn't try to put it back.
+        */
        page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)page->mapping &
                                PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
> 
> >diff --git a/mm/util.c b/mm/util.c
> >index 917e0e3d0f8e..b756ee36f7f0 100644
> >--- a/mm/util.c
> >+++ b/mm/util.c
> >@@ -399,10 +399,12 @@ struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page
*page)
> > 	}
> >
> > 	mapping = page->mapping;
> 
> I'd probably use READ_ONCE() here to be safe. Not all callers are
> under page lock?
I don't understand. Yeah, all caller are not under page lock but at least,
new user of movable pages should call it under page_lock.
Yeah, I will write the rule down in document.
In this case, what kinds of problem do you see?
> 
> >-	if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS)
> >+	if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON)
> > 		return NULL;
> >-	return mapping;
> >+
> >+	return (void *)((unsigned long)mapping & ~PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS);
> > }
> >+EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_mapping);
> >
> > /* Slow path of page_mapcount() for compound pages */
> > int __page_mapcount(struct page *page)
> >
>

Per Vlastimi's review comment.

Thanks for the detail review, Vlastimi!
If you have another concern, feel free to say.
After I resolve all thing, I will send v7 rebased on recent mmotm.
>From b14aaeeeeb2d3ac0702c7b2eec36409d74406d43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Minchan Kim <minchan at kernel.org>
Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2016 10:34:49 +0900
Subject: [PATCH] mm: migrate: support non-lru movable page migration

We have allowed migration for only LRU pages until now and it was
enough to make high-order pages. But recently, embedded system(e.g.,
webOS, android) uses lots of non-movable pages(e.g., zram, GPU memory)
so we have seen several reports about troubles of small high-order
allocation. For fixing the problem, there were several efforts
(e,g,. enhance compaction algorithm, SLUB fallback to 0-order page,
reserved memory, vmalloc and so on) but if there are lots of
non-movable pages in system, their solutions are void in the long run.

So, this patch is to support facility to change non-movable pages
with movable. For the feature, this patch introduces functions related
to migration to address_space_operations as well as some page flags.

If a driver want to make own pages movable, it should define three functions
which are function pointers of struct address_space_operations.

1. bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode);

What VM expects on isolate_page function of driver is to return *true*
if driver isolates page successfully. On returing true, VM marks the page
as PG_isolated so concurrent isolation in several CPUs skip the page
for isolation. If a driver cannot isolate the page, it should return *false*.

Once page is successfully isolated, VM uses page.lru fields so driver
shouldn't expect to preserve values in that fields.

2. int (*migratepage) (struct address_space *mapping,
		struct page *newpage, struct page *oldpage, enum migrate_mode);

After isolation, VM calls migratepage of driver with isolated page.
The function of migratepage is to move content of the old page to new page
and set up fields of struct page newpage. Keep in mind that you should
indicate to the VM the oldpage is no longer movable via __ClearPageMovable()
under page_lock if you migrated the oldpage successfully and returns 0.
If driver cannot migrate the page at the moment, driver can return -EAGAIN.
On -EAGAIN, VM will retry page migration in a short time because VM interprets
-EAGAIN as "temporal migration failure". On returning any error except
-EAGAIN,
VM will give up the page migration without retrying in this time.

Driver shouldn't touch page.lru field VM using in the functions.

3. void (*putback_page)(struct page *);

If migration fails on isolated page, VM should return the isolated page
to the driver so VM calls driver's putback_page with migration failed page.
In this function, driver should put the isolated page back to the own data
structure.

4. non-lru movable page flags

There are two page flags for supporting non-lru movable page.

* PG_movable

Driver should use the below function to make page movable under page_lock.

	void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)

It needs argument of address_space for registering migration family functions
which will be called by VM. Exactly speaking, PG_movable is not a real flag of
struct page. Rather than, VM reuses page->mapping's lower bits to
represent it.

	#define PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE 0x2
	page->mapping = page->mapping | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE;

so driver shouldn't access page->mapping directly. Instead, driver should
use page_mapping which mask off the low two bits of page->mapping so it can
get
right struct address_space.

For testing of non-lru movable page, VM supports __PageMovable function.
However, it doesn't guarantee to identify non-lru movable page because
page->mapping field is unified with other variables in struct page.
As well, if driver releases the page after isolation by VM, page->mapping
doesn't have stable value although it has PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE
(Look at __ClearPageMovable). But __PageMovable is cheap to catch whether
page is LRU or non-lru movable once the page has been isolated. Because
LRU pages never can have PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE in page->mapping. It is also
good for just peeking to test non-lru movable pages before more expensive
checking with lock_page in pfn scanning to select victim.

For guaranteeing non-lru movable page, VM provides PageMovable function.
Unlike __PageMovable, PageMovable functions validates page->mapping and
mapping->a_ops->isolate_page under lock_page. The lock_page prevents
sudden
destroying of page->mapping.

Driver using __SetPageMovable should clear the flag via __ClearMovablePage
under page_lock before the releasing the page.

* PG_isolated

To prevent concurrent isolation among several CPUs, VM marks isolated page
as PG_isolated under lock_page. So if a CPU encounters PG_isolated non-lru
movable page, it can skip it. Driver doesn't need to manipulate the flag
because VM will set/clear it automatically. Keep in mind that if driver
sees PG_isolated page, it means the page have been isolated by VM so it
shouldn't touch page.lru field.
PG_isolated is alias with PG_reclaim flag so driver shouldn't use the flag
for own purpose.

Cc: Rik van Riel <riel at redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka at suse.cz>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim at lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman at suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd at google.com>
Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini at redhat.com>
Cc: virtualization at lists.linux-foundation.org
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet at lwn.net>
Cc: John Einar Reitan <john.reitan at foss.arm.com>
Cc: dri-devel at lists.freedesktop.org
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky at gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Gioh Kim <gi-oh.kim at profitbricks.com>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan at kernel.org>
---
 Documentation/filesystems/Locking |   4 +
 Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt |  11 +++
 Documentation/vm/page_migration   | 107 ++++++++++++++++++++-
 include/linux/compaction.h        |  17 ++++
 include/linux/fs.h                |   2 +
 include/linux/ksm.h               |   3 +-
 include/linux/migrate.h           |   2 +
 include/linux/mm.h                |   1 +
 include/linux/page-flags.h        |  33 +++++--
 mm/compaction.c                   |  85 +++++++++++++----
 mm/ksm.c                          |   4 +-
 mm/migrate.c                      | 192 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 mm/page_alloc.c                   |   2 +-
 mm/util.c                         |   6 +-
 14 files changed, 417 insertions(+), 52 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
index af7c030a0368..3991a976cf43 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
@@ -195,7 +195,9 @@ unlocks and drops the reference.
 	int (*releasepage) (struct page *, int);
 	void (*freepage)(struct page *);
 	int (*direct_IO)(struct kiocb *, struct iov_iter *iter);
+	bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *, isolate_mode_t);
 	int (*migratepage)(struct address_space *, struct page *, struct page *);
+	void (*putback_page) (struct page *);
 	int (*launder_page)(struct page *);
 	int (*is_partially_uptodate)(struct page *, unsigned long, unsigned long);
 	int (*error_remove_page)(struct address_space *, struct page *);
@@ -219,7 +221,9 @@ invalidatepage:		yes
 releasepage:		yes
 freepage:		yes
 direct_IO:
+isolate_page:		yes
 migratepage:		yes (both)
+putback_page:		yes
 launder_page:		yes
 is_partially_uptodate:	yes
 error_remove_page:	yes
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
index 19366fef2652..9d4ae317fdcb 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
@@ -591,9 +591,14 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	int (*releasepage) (struct page *, int);
 	void (*freepage)(struct page *);
 	ssize_t (*direct_IO)(struct kiocb *, struct iov_iter *iter);
+	/* isolate a page for migration */
+	bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *, isolate_mode_t);
 	/* migrate the contents of a page to the specified target */
 	int (*migratepage) (struct page *, struct page *);
+	/* put migration-failed page back to right list */
+	void (*putback_page) (struct page *);
 	int (*launder_page) (struct page *);
+
 	int (*is_partially_uptodate) (struct page *, unsigned long,
 					unsigned long);
 	void (*is_dirty_writeback) (struct page *, bool *, bool *);
@@ -739,6 +744,10 @@ struct address_space_operations {
         and transfer data directly between the storage and the
         application's address space.
 
+  isolate_page: Called by the VM when isolating a movable non-lru page.
+	If page is successfully isolated, VM marks the page as PG_isolated
+	via __SetPageIsolated.
+
   migrate_page:  This is used to compact the physical memory usage.
         If the VM wants to relocate a page (maybe off a memory card
         that is signalling imminent failure) it will pass a new page
@@ -746,6 +755,8 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	transfer any private data across and update any references
         that it has to the page.
 
+  putback_page: Called by the VM when isolated page's migration fails.
+
   launder_page: Called before freeing a page - it writes back the dirty page.
To
   	prevent redirtying the page, it is kept locked during the whole
 	operation.
diff --git a/Documentation/vm/page_migration b/Documentation/vm/page_migration
index fea5c0864170..18d37c7ac50b 100644
--- a/Documentation/vm/page_migration
+++ b/Documentation/vm/page_migration
@@ -142,5 +142,110 @@ is increased so that the page cannot be freed while page
migration occurs.
 20. The new page is moved to the LRU and can be scanned by the swapper
     etc again.
 
-Christoph Lameter, May 8, 2006.
+C. Non-LRU page migration
+-------------------------
+
+Although original migration aimed for reducing the latency of memory access
+for NUMA, compaction who want to create high-order page is also main customer.
+
+Current problem of the implementation is that it is designed to migrate only
+*LRU* pages. However, there are potential non-lru pages which can be migrated
+in drivers, for example, zsmalloc, virtio-balloon pages.
+
+For virtio-balloon pages, some parts of migration code path have been hooked
+up and added virtio-balloon specific functions to intercept migration logics.
+It's too specific to a driver so other drivers who want to make their pages
+movable would have to add own specific hooks in migration path.
+
+To overclome the problem, VM supports non-LRU page migration which provides
+generic functions for non-LRU movable pages without driver specific hooks
+migration path.
+
+If a driver want to make own pages movable, it should define three functions
+which are function pointers of struct address_space_operations.
+
+1. bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode);
+
+What VM expects on isolate_page function of driver is to return *true*
+if driver isolates page successfully. On returing true, VM marks the page
+as PG_isolated so concurrent isolation in several CPUs skip the page
+for isolation. If a driver cannot isolate the page, it should return *false*.
+
+Once page is successfully isolated, VM uses page.lru fields so driver
+shouldn't expect to preserve values in that fields.
+
+2. int (*migratepage) (struct address_space *mapping,
+		struct page *newpage, struct page *oldpage, enum migrate_mode);
+
+After isolation, VM calls migratepage of driver with isolated page.
+The function of migratepage is to move content of the old page to new page
+and set up fields of struct page newpage. Keep in mind that you should
+indicate to the VM the oldpage is no longer movable via __ClearPageMovable()
+under page_lock if you migrated the oldpage successfully and returns 0.
+If driver cannot migrate the page at the moment, driver can return -EAGAIN.
+On -EAGAIN, VM will retry page migration in a short time because VM interprets
+-EAGAIN as "temporal migration failure". On returning any error
except -EAGAIN,
+VM will give up the page migration without retrying in this time.
+
+Driver shouldn't touch page.lru field VM using in the functions.
+
+3. void (*putback_page)(struct page *);
+
+If migration fails on isolated page, VM should return the isolated page
+to the driver so VM calls driver's putback_page with migration failed page.
+In this function, driver should put the isolated page back to the own data
+structure.
 
+4. non-lru movable page flags
+
+There are two page flags for supporting non-lru movable page.
+
+* PG_movable
+
+Driver should use the below function to make page movable under page_lock.
+
+	void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)
+
+It needs argument of address_space for registering migration family functions
+which will be called by VM. Exactly speaking, PG_movable is not a real flag of
+struct page. Rather than, VM reuses page->mapping's lower bits to
represent it.
+
+	#define PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE 0x2
+	page->mapping = page->mapping | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE;
+
+so driver shouldn't access page->mapping directly. Instead, driver
should
+use page_mapping which mask off the low two bits of page->mapping under
+page lock so it can get right struct address_space.
+
+For testing of non-lru movable page, VM supports __PageMovable function.
+However, it doesn't guarantee to identify non-lru movable page because
+page->mapping field is unified with other variables in struct page.
+As well, if driver releases the page after isolation by VM, page->mapping
+doesn't have stable value although it has PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE
+(Look at __ClearPageMovable). But __PageMovable is cheap to catch whether
+page is LRU or non-lru movable once the page has been isolated. Because
+LRU pages never can have PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE in page->mapping. It is also
+good for just peeking to test non-lru movable pages before more expensive
+checking with lock_page in pfn scanning to select victim.
+
+For guaranteeing non-lru movable page, VM provides PageMovable function.
+Unlike __PageMovable, PageMovable functions validates page->mapping and
+mapping->a_ops->isolate_page under lock_page. The lock_page prevents
sudden
+destroying of page->mapping.
+
+Driver using __SetPageMovable should clear the flag via __ClearMovablePage
+under page_lock before the releasing the page.
+
+* PG_isolated
+
+To prevent concurrent isolation among several CPUs, VM marks isolated page
+as PG_isolated under lock_page. So if a CPU encounters PG_isolated non-lru
+movable page, it can skip it. Driver doesn't need to manipulate the flag
+because VM will set/clear it automatically. Keep in mind that if driver
+sees PG_isolated page, it means the page have been isolated by VM so it
+shouldn't touch page.lru field.
+PG_isolated is alias with PG_reclaim flag so driver shouldn't use the flag
+for own purpose.
+
+Christoph Lameter, May 8, 2006.
+Minchan Kim, Mar 28, 2016.
diff --git a/include/linux/compaction.h b/include/linux/compaction.h
index a58c852a268f..c6b47c861cea 100644
--- a/include/linux/compaction.h
+++ b/include/linux/compaction.h
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ enum compact_result {
 struct alloc_context; /* in mm/internal.h */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
+extern int PageMovable(struct page *page);
+extern void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping);
+extern void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page);
 extern int sysctl_compact_memory;
 extern int sysctl_compaction_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write,
 			void __user *buffer, size_t *length, loff_t *ppos);
@@ -151,6 +154,19 @@ extern void kcompactd_stop(int nid);
 extern void wakeup_kcompactd(pg_data_t *pgdat, int order, int classzone_idx);
 
 #else
+static inline int PageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page,
+			struct address_space *mapping)
+{
+}
+
+static inline void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+}
+
 static inline enum compact_result try_to_compact_pages(gfp_t gfp_mask,
 			unsigned int order, int alloc_flags,
 			const struct alloc_context *ac,
@@ -212,6 +228,7 @@ static inline void wakeup_kcompactd(pg_data_t *pgdat, int
order, int classzone_i
 #endif /* CONFIG_COMPACTION */
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION) && defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) &&
defined(CONFIG_NUMA)
+struct node;
 extern int compaction_register_node(struct node *node);
 extern void compaction_unregister_node(struct node *node);
 
diff --git a/include/linux/fs.h b/include/linux/fs.h
index 0cfdf2aec8f7..39ef97414033 100644
--- a/include/linux/fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/fs.h
@@ -402,6 +402,8 @@ struct address_space_operations {
 	 */
 	int (*migratepage) (struct address_space *,
 			struct page *, struct page *, enum migrate_mode);
+	bool (*isolate_page)(struct page *, isolate_mode_t);
+	void (*putback_page)(struct page *);
 	int (*launder_page) (struct page *);
 	int (*is_partially_uptodate) (struct page *, unsigned long,
 					unsigned long);
diff --git a/include/linux/ksm.h b/include/linux/ksm.h
index 7ae216a39c9e..481c8c4627ca 100644
--- a/include/linux/ksm.h
+++ b/include/linux/ksm.h
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ static inline struct stable_node *page_stable_node(struct page
*page)
 static inline void set_page_stable_node(struct page *page,
 					struct stable_node *stable_node)
 {
-	page->mapping = (void *)stable_node +
-				(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
+	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)stable_node | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/include/linux/migrate.h b/include/linux/migrate.h
index 9b50325e4ddf..404fbfefeb33 100644
--- a/include/linux/migrate.h
+++ b/include/linux/migrate.h
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ extern int migrate_page(struct address_space *,
 			struct page *, struct page *, enum migrate_mode);
 extern int migrate_pages(struct list_head *l, new_page_t new, free_page_t free,
 		unsigned long private, enum migrate_mode mode, int reason);
+extern bool isolate_movable_page(struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode);
+extern void putback_movable_page(struct page *page);
 
 extern int migrate_prep(void);
 extern int migrate_prep_local(void);
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index a00ec816233a..33eaec57e997 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -1035,6 +1035,7 @@ static inline pgoff_t page_file_index(struct page *page)
 }
 
 bool page_mapped(struct page *page);
+struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page *page);
 
 /*
  * Return true only if the page has been allocated with
diff --git a/include/linux/page-flags.h b/include/linux/page-flags.h
index e5a32445f930..f36dbb3a3060 100644
--- a/include/linux/page-flags.h
+++ b/include/linux/page-flags.h
@@ -129,6 +129,9 @@ enum pageflags {
 
 	/* Compound pages. Stored in first tail page's flags */
 	PG_double_map = PG_private_2,
+
+	/* non-lru isolated movable page */
+	PG_isolated = PG_reclaim,
 };
 
 #ifndef __GENERATING_BOUNDS_H
@@ -357,29 +360,37 @@ PAGEFLAG(Idle, idle, PF_ANY)
  * with the PAGE_MAPPING_ANON bit set to distinguish it.  See rmap.h.
  *
  * On an anonymous page in a VM_MERGEABLE area, if CONFIG_KSM is enabled,
- * the PAGE_MAPPING_KSM bit may be set along with the PAGE_MAPPING_ANON bit;
- * and then page->mapping points, not to an anon_vma, but to a private
+ * the PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE bit may be set along with the PAGE_MAPPING_ANON
+ * bit; and then page->mapping points, not to an anon_vma, but to a private
  * structure which KSM associates with that merged page.  See ksm.h.
  *
- * PAGE_MAPPING_KSM without PAGE_MAPPING_ANON is currently never used.
+ * PAGE_MAPPING_KSM without PAGE_MAPPING_ANON is used for non-lru movable
+ * page and then page->mapping points a struct address_space.
  *
  * Please note that, confusingly, "page_mapping" refers to the inode
  * address_space which maps the page from disk; whereas "page_mapped"
  * refers to user virtual address space into which the page is mapped.
  */
-#define PAGE_MAPPING_ANON	1
-#define PAGE_MAPPING_KSM	2
-#define PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS	(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM)
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_ANON	0x1
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE	0x2
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_KSM	(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE)
+#define PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS	(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE)
 
-static __always_inline int PageAnonHead(struct page *page)
+static __always_inline int PageMappingFlags(struct page *page)
 {
-	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON) != 0;
+	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS) != 0;
 }
 
 static __always_inline int PageAnon(struct page *page)
 {
 	page = compound_head(page);
-	return PageAnonHead(page);
+	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON) != 0;
+}
+
+static __always_inline int __PageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS) =+			
PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE;
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_KSM
@@ -393,7 +404,7 @@ static __always_inline int PageKsm(struct page *page)
 {
 	page = compound_head(page);
 	return ((unsigned long)page->mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS) =-			
(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
+				PAGE_MAPPING_KSM;
 }
 #else
 TESTPAGEFLAG_FALSE(Ksm)
@@ -641,6 +652,8 @@ static inline void __ClearPageBalloon(struct page *page)
 	atomic_set(&page->_mapcount, -1);
 }
 
+__PAGEFLAG(Isolated, isolated, PF_ANY);
+
 /*
  * If network-based swap is enabled, sl*b must keep track of whether pages
  * were allocated from pfmemalloc reserves.
diff --git a/mm/compaction.c b/mm/compaction.c
index 1427366ad673..a680b52e190b 100644
--- a/mm/compaction.c
+++ b/mm/compaction.c
@@ -81,6 +81,44 @@ static inline bool migrate_async_suitable(int migratetype)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
 
+int PageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping;
+
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
+	if (!__PageMovable(page))
+		return 0;
+
+	mapping = page_mapping(page);
+	if (mapping && mapping->a_ops &&
mapping->a_ops->isolate_page)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(PageMovable);
+
+void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)
+{
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE, page);
+	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)mapping | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__SetPageMovable);
+
+void __ClearPageMovable(struct page *page)
+{
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageMovable(page), page);
+	/*
+	 * Clear registered address_space val with keeping PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE
+	 * flag so that VM can catch up released page by driver after isolation.
+	 * With it, VM migration doesn't try to put it back.
+	 */
+	page->mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)page->mapping &
+				PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ClearPageMovable);
+
 /* Do not skip compaction more than 64 times */
 #define COMPACT_MAX_DEFER_SHIFT 6
 
@@ -735,21 +773,6 @@ isolate_migratepages_block(struct compact_control *cc,
unsigned long low_pfn,
 		}
 
 		/*
-		 * Check may be lockless but that's ok as we recheck later.
-		 * It's possible to migrate LRU pages and balloon pages
-		 * Skip any other type of page
-		 */
-		is_lru = PageLRU(page);
-		if (!is_lru) {
-			if (unlikely(balloon_page_movable(page))) {
-				if (balloon_page_isolate(page)) {
-					/* Successfully isolated */
-					goto isolate_success;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		/*
 		 * Regardless of being on LRU, compound pages such as THP and
 		 * hugetlbfs are not to be compacted. We can potentially save
 		 * a lot of iterations if we skip them at once. The check is
@@ -765,8 +788,38 @@ isolate_migratepages_block(struct compact_control *cc,
unsigned long low_pfn,
 			goto isolate_fail;
 		}
 
-		if (!is_lru)
+		/*
+		 * Check may be lockless but that's ok as we recheck later.
+		 * It's possible to migrate LRU and non-lru movable pages.
+		 * Skip any other type of page
+		 */
+		is_lru = PageLRU(page);
+		if (!is_lru) {
+			if (unlikely(balloon_page_movable(page))) {
+				if (balloon_page_isolate(page)) {
+					/* Successfully isolated */
+					goto isolate_success;
+				}
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * __PageMovable can return false positive so we need
+			 * to verify it under page_lock.
+			 */
+			if (unlikely(__PageMovable(page)) &&
+					!PageIsolated(page)) {
+				if (locked) {
+					spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lru_lock,
+									flags);
+					locked = false;
+				}
+
+				if (isolate_movable_page(page, isolate_mode))
+					goto isolate_success;
+			}
+
 			goto isolate_fail;
+		}
 
 		/*
 		 * Migration will fail if an anonymous page is pinned in memory,
diff --git a/mm/ksm.c b/mm/ksm.c
index 4786b4150f62..35b8aef867a9 100644
--- a/mm/ksm.c
+++ b/mm/ksm.c
@@ -532,8 +532,8 @@ static struct page *get_ksm_page(struct stable_node
*stable_node, bool lock_it)
 	void *expected_mapping;
 	unsigned long kpfn;
 
-	expected_mapping = (void *)stable_node +
-				(PAGE_MAPPING_ANON | PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
+	expected_mapping = (void *)((unsigned long)stable_node |
+					PAGE_MAPPING_KSM);
 again:
 	kpfn = READ_ONCE(stable_node->kpfn);
 	page = pfn_to_page(kpfn);
diff --git a/mm/migrate.c b/mm/migrate.c
index 2666f28b5236..60abcf379b51 100644
--- a/mm/migrate.c
+++ b/mm/migrate.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <linux/security.h>
 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
+#include <linux/compaction.h>
 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
 #include <linux/hugetlb_cgroup.h>
@@ -73,6 +74,81 @@ int migrate_prep_local(void)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+bool isolate_movable_page(struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping;
+
+	/*
+	 * Avoid burning cycles with pages that are yet under __free_pages(),
+	 * or just got freed under us.
+	 *
+	 * In case we 'win' a race for a movable page being freed under us and
+	 * raise its refcount preventing __free_pages() from doing its job
+	 * the put_page() at the end of this block will take care of
+	 * release this page, thus avoiding a nasty leakage.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(!get_page_unless_zero(page)))
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check PageMovable before holding a PG_lock because page's owner
+	 * assumes anybody doesn't touch PG_lock of newly allocated page
+	 * so unconditionally grapping the lock ruins page's owner side.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(!__PageMovable(page)))
+		goto out_putpage;
+	/*
+	 * As movable pages are not isolated from LRU lists, concurrent
+	 * compaction threads can race against page migration functions
+	 * as well as race against the releasing a page.
+	 *
+	 * In order to avoid having an already isolated movable page
+	 * being (wrongly) re-isolated while it is under migration,
+	 * or to avoid attempting to isolate pages being released,
+	 * lets be sure we have the page lock
+	 * before proceeding with the movable page isolation steps.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(!trylock_page(page)))
+		goto out_putpage;
+
+	if (!PageMovable(page) || PageIsolated(page))
+		goto out_no_isolated;
+
+	mapping = page_mapping(page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!mapping, page);
+
+	if (!mapping->a_ops->isolate_page(page, mode))
+		goto out_no_isolated;
+
+	/* Driver shouldn't use PG_isolated bit of page->flags */
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(PageIsolated(page));
+	__SetPageIsolated(page);
+	unlock_page(page);
+
+	return true;
+
+out_no_isolated:
+	unlock_page(page);
+out_putpage:
+	put_page(page);
+out:
+	return false;
+}
+
+/* It should be called on page which is PG_movable */
+void putback_movable_page(struct page *page)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping;
+
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageMovable(page), page);
+	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageIsolated(page), page);
+
+	mapping = page_mapping(page);
+	mapping->a_ops->putback_page(page);
+	__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+}
+
 /*
  * Put previously isolated pages back onto the appropriate lists
  * from where they were once taken off for compaction/migration.
@@ -94,10 +170,25 @@ void putback_movable_pages(struct list_head *l)
 		list_del(&page->lru);
 		dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_ISOLATED_ANON +
 				page_is_file_cache(page));
-		if (unlikely(isolated_balloon_page(page)))
+		if (unlikely(isolated_balloon_page(page))) {
 			balloon_page_putback(page);
-		else
+		/*
+		 * We isolated non-lru movable page so here we can use
+		 * __PageMovable because LRU page's mapping cannot have
+		 * PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE.
+		 */
+		} else if (unlikely(__PageMovable(page))) {
+			VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageIsolated(page), page);
+			lock_page(page);
+			if (PageMovable(page))
+				putback_movable_page(page);
+			else
+				__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+			unlock_page(page);
+			put_page(page);
+		} else {
 			putback_lru_page(page);
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -592,7 +683,7 @@ void migrate_page_copy(struct page *newpage, struct page
*page)
  ***********************************************************/
 
 /*
- * Common logic to directly migrate a single page suitable for
+ * Common logic to directly migrate a single LRU page suitable for
  * pages that do not use PagePrivate/PagePrivate2.
  *
  * Pages are locked upon entry and exit.
@@ -755,33 +846,72 @@ static int move_to_new_page(struct page *newpage, struct
page *page,
 				enum migrate_mode mode)
 {
 	struct address_space *mapping;
-	int rc;
+	int rc = -EAGAIN;
+	bool is_lru = !__PageMovable(page);
 
 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(newpage), newpage);
 
 	mapping = page_mapping(page);
-	if (!mapping)
-		rc = migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
-	else if (mapping->a_ops->migratepage)
+
+	if (likely(is_lru)) {
+		if (!mapping)
+			rc = migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
+		else if (mapping->a_ops->migratepage)
+			/*
+			 * Most pages have a mapping and most filesystems
+			 * provide a migratepage callback. Anonymous pages
+			 * are part of swap space which also has its own
+			 * migratepage callback. This is the most common path
+			 * for page migration.
+			 */
+			rc = mapping->a_ops->migratepage(mapping, newpage,
+							page, mode);
+		else
+			rc = fallback_migrate_page(mapping, newpage,
+							page, mode);
+	} else {
 		/*
-		 * Most pages have a mapping and most filesystems provide a
-		 * migratepage callback. Anonymous pages are part of swap
-		 * space which also has its own migratepage callback. This
-		 * is the most common path for page migration.
+		 * In case of non-lru page, it could be released after
+		 * isolation step. In that case, we shouldn't try migration.
 		 */
-		rc = mapping->a_ops->migratepage(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
-	else
-		rc = fallback_migrate_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
+		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageIsolated(page), page);
+		if (!PageMovable(page)) {
+			rc = MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS;
+			__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		rc = mapping->a_ops->migratepage(mapping, newpage,
+						page, mode);
+		WARN_ON_ONCE(rc == MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS &&
+			!PageIsolated(page));
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * When successful, old pagecache page->mapping must be cleared before
 	 * page is freed; but stats require that PageAnon be left as PageAnon.
 	 */
 	if (rc == MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS) {
-		if (!PageAnon(page))
+		if (__PageMovable(page)) {
+			VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageIsolated(page), page);
+
+			/*
+			 * We clear PG_movable under page_lock so any compactor
+			 * cannot try to migrate this page.
+			 */
+			__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Anonymous and movable page->mapping will be cleard by
+		 * free_pages_prepare so don't reset it here for keeping
+		 * the type to work PageAnon, for example.
+		 */
+		if (!PageMappingFlags(page))
 			page->mapping = NULL;
 	}
+out:
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -791,6 +921,7 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct page
*newpage,
 	int rc = -EAGAIN;
 	int page_was_mapped = 0;
 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = NULL;
+	bool is_lru = !__PageMovable(page);
 
 	if (!trylock_page(page)) {
 		if (!force || mode == MIGRATE_ASYNC)
@@ -871,6 +1002,11 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct page
*newpage,
 		goto out_unlock_both;
 	}
 
+	if (unlikely(!is_lru)) {
+		rc = move_to_new_page(newpage, page, mode);
+		goto out_unlock_both;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Corner case handling:
 	 * 1. When a new swap-cache page is read into, it is added to the LRU
@@ -920,7 +1056,8 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct page
*newpage,
 	 * list in here.
 	 */
 	if (rc == MIGRATEPAGE_SUCCESS) {
-		if (unlikely(__is_movable_balloon_page(newpage)))
+		if (unlikely(__is_movable_balloon_page(newpage) ||
+				__PageMovable(newpage)))
 			put_page(newpage);
 		else
 			putback_lru_page(newpage);
@@ -961,6 +1098,12 @@ static ICE_noinline int unmap_and_move(new_page_t
get_new_page,
 		/* page was freed from under us. So we are done. */
 		ClearPageActive(page);
 		ClearPageUnevictable(page);
+		if (unlikely(__PageMovable(page))) {
+			lock_page(page);
+			if (!PageMovable(page))
+				__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+			unlock_page(page);
+		}
 		if (put_new_page)
 			put_new_page(newpage, private);
 		else
@@ -1010,8 +1153,21 @@ static ICE_noinline int unmap_and_move(new_page_t
get_new_page,
 				num_poisoned_pages_inc();
 		}
 	} else {
-		if (rc != -EAGAIN)
-			putback_lru_page(page);
+		if (rc != -EAGAIN) {
+			if (likely(!__PageMovable(page))) {
+				putback_lru_page(page);
+				goto put_new;
+			}
+
+			lock_page(page);
+			if (PageMovable(page))
+				putback_movable_page(page);
+			else
+				__ClearPageIsolated(page);
+			unlock_page(page);
+			put_page(page);
+		}
+put_new:
 		if (put_new_page)
 			put_new_page(newpage, private);
 		else
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index d27e8b968ac3..4d0ba8f6cfee 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ static __always_inline bool free_pages_prepare(struct page
*page,
 			(page + i)->flags &= ~PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP;
 		}
 	}
-	if (PageAnonHead(page))
+	if (PageMappingFlags(page))
 		page->mapping = NULL;
 	if (check_free)
 		bad += free_pages_check(page);
diff --git a/mm/util.c b/mm/util.c
index 917e0e3d0f8e..b756ee36f7f0 100644
--- a/mm/util.c
+++ b/mm/util.c
@@ -399,10 +399,12 @@ struct address_space *page_mapping(struct page *page)
 	}
 
 	mapping = page->mapping;
-	if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS)
+	if ((unsigned long)mapping & PAGE_MAPPING_ANON)
 		return NULL;
-	return mapping;
+
+	return (void *)((unsigned long)mapping & ~PAGE_MAPPING_FLAGS);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(page_mapping);
 
 /* Slow path of page_mapcount() for compound pages */
 int __page_mapcount(struct page *page)
-- 
1.9.1

On 05/31/2016 02:01 AM, Minchan Kim wrote:
> Per Vlastimi's review comment.
>
> Thanks for the detail review, Vlastimi!
> If you have another concern, feel free to say.
I don't for now :)

[...]
> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel at redhat.com>
> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka at suse.cz>
> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim at lge.com>
> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman at suse.de>
> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd at google.com>
> Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini at redhat.com>
> Cc: virtualization at lists.linux-foundation.org
> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet at lwn.net>
> Cc: John Einar Reitan <john.reitan at foss.arm.com>
> Cc: dri-devel at lists.freedesktop.org
> Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky at gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Gioh Kim <gi-oh.kim at profitbricks.com>
> Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan at kernel.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka at suse.cz>

On 05/31/2016 05:31 AM, Minchan Kim wrote:
> @@ -791,6 +921,7 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct
page *newpage,
>  	int rc = -EAGAIN;
>  	int page_was_mapped = 0;
>  	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = NULL;
> +	bool is_lru = !__PageMovable(page);
>  
>  	if (!trylock_page(page)) {
>  		if (!force || mode == MIGRATE_ASYNC)
> @@ -871,6 +1002,11 @@ static int __unmap_and_move(struct page *page, struct
page *newpage,
>  		goto out_unlock_both;
>  	}
>  
> +	if (unlikely(!is_lru)) {
> +		rc = move_to_new_page(newpage, page, mode);
> +		goto out_unlock_both;
> +	}
> +
Hello Minchan,

I might be missing something here but does this implementation support the
scenario where these non LRU pages owned by the driver mapped as PTE into
process page table ? Because the "goto out_unlock_both" statement
above
skips all the PTE unmap, putting a migration PTE and removing the migration
PTE steps.

Regards
Anshuman