----- Forwarded message from Louis Kowolowski <louisk@bend.com> -----
Date: Thu, 28 Aug 2003 11:37:42 -0700
From: Louis Kowolowski <louisk@bend.com>
To: freebsd-security@freebsd.org
Subject: snort, postgres, bridge
User-Agent: Mutt/1.5.4i
I've been prowling through the FreeBSD and Snort list archives in
search of information on setting up snort on a FreeBSD bridge(4)
that logs to a remote postgres box via a third interface (hme0)
Snort is being started with the following command:
/usr/local/bin/snort -A full -D -e -d -s -i fxp0 -c /usr
/local/etc/snort.conf
Where fxp0 and fxp1 are in the bridge
output from sysctl:
net.link.ether.bridge_cfg: fxp0:0,fxp1:0
net.link.ether.bridge: 1
net.link.ether.bridge_ipfw: 0
net.link.ether.bridge_ipf: 1
net.link.ether.bridge_ipfw_drop: 0
net.link.ether.bridge_ipfw_collisions: 0
The snort.conf is attached. I've attempted to start with a pretty
generic config, just to ensure things work.
The problem appears to be that snort simply doesn't log to the remote
postgres box (yes, there are host entries in pg_hba.conf, and other
databases are accessible remotely, so I believe that is not the issue).
I've just been running trafshow to watch connections.
Any hints/pointers/solutions welcome.
Thanks
--
----- End forwarded message -----
Appending snort.conf:
#--------------------------------------------------
# http://www.snort.org Snort 2.0.0 Ruleset
# Contact: snort-sigs@lists.sourceforge.net
#--------------------------------------------------
# $Id: snort.conf,v 1.124 2003/05/16 02:52:41 cazz Exp $
#
###################################################
# This file contains a sample snort configuration.
# You can take the following steps to create your
# own custom configuration:
#
# 1) Set the network variables for your network
# 2) Configure preprocessors
# 3) Configure output plugins
# 4) Customize your rule set
#
###################################################
# Step #1: Set the network variables:
#
# You must change the following variables to reflect
# your local network. The variable is currently
# setup for an RFC 1918 address space.
#
# You can specify it explicitly as:
#
# var HOME_NET 10.1.1.0/24
#
# or use global variable $<interfacename>_ADDRESS
# which will be always initialized to IP address and
# netmask of the network interface which you run
# snort at. Under Windows, this must be specified
# as $(<interfacename>_ADDRESS), such as:
# $(\Device\Packet_{12345678-90AB-CDEF-1234567890AB}_ADDRESS)
#
# var HOME_NET $eth0_ADDRESS
#
# You can specify lists of IP addresses for HOME_NET
# by separating the IPs with commas like this:
#
# var HOME_NET [10.1.1.0/24,192.168.1.0/24]
#
# MAKE SURE YOU DON'T PLACE ANY SPACES IN YOUR LIST!
#
# or you can specify the variable to be any IP address
# like this:
var HOME_NET any
# Set up the external network addresses as well.
# A good start may be "any"
var EXTERNAL_NET any
# Configure your server lists. This allows snort to only look for attacks
# to systems that have a service up. Why look for HTTP attacks if you are
# not running a web server? This allows quick filtering based on IP addresses
# These configurations MUST follow the same configuration scheme as defined
# above for $HOME_NET.
# List of DNS servers on your network
var DNS_SERVERS $HOME_NET
# List of SMTP servers on your network
var SMTP_SERVERS $HOME_NET
# List of web servers on your network
var HTTP_SERVERS $HOME_NET
# List of sql servers on your network
var SQL_SERVERS $HOME_NET
# List of telnet servers on your network
var TELNET_SERVERS $HOME_NET
# Configure your service ports. This allows snort to look for attacks
# destined to a specific application only on the ports that application
# runs on. For example, if you run a web server on port 8081, set your
# HTTP_PORTS variable like this:
#
# var HTTP_PORTS 8010
#
# Port lists must either be continuous [eg 80:8080], or a single port [eg 80].
# We will adding support for a real list of ports in the future.
# Ports you run web servers on
var HTTP_PORTS 80
# Ports you want to look for SHELLCODE on.
var SHELLCODE_PORTS !80
# Ports you do oracle attacks on
var ORACLE_PORTS 1521
# other variables
#
# AIM servers. AOL has a habit of adding new AIM servers, so instead of
# modifying the signatures when they do, we add them to this list of
# servers.
var AIM_SERVERS
[64.12.24.0/24,64.12.25.0/24,64.12.26.14/24,64.12.28.0/24,64.12.29.0/24,64.12.161.0/24,64.12.163.0/24,205.188.5.0/24,205.188.9.0/24]
# Path to your rules files (this can be a relative path)
var RULE_PATH ../share/snort
# Configure the snort decoder:
# ===========================#
# Stop generic decode events:
#
# config disable_decode_alerts
#
# Stop Alerts on experimental TCP options
#
# config disable_tcpopt_experimental_alerts
#
# Stop Alerts on obsolete TCP options
#
# config disable_tcpopt_obsolete_alerts
#
# Stop Alerts on T/TCP alerts
#
# config disable_ttcp_alerts
#
# Stop Alerts on all other TCPOption type events:
#
# config disable_tcpopt_alerts
#
# Stop Alerts on invalid ip options
#
# config disable_ipopt_alerts
# Configure the detection engine
# ==============================#
# Use a different pattern matcher in case you have a machine with very
# limited resources:
#
# config detection: search-method lowmem
###################################################
# Step #2: Configure preprocessors
#
# General configuration for preprocessors is of
# the form
# preprocessor <name_of_processor>: <configuration_options>
# frag2: IP defragmentation support
# -------------------------------
# This preprocessor performs IP defragmentation. This plugin will also detect
# people launching fragmentation attacks (usually DoS) against hosts. No
# arguments loads the default configuration of the preprocessor, which is a
# 60 second timeout and a 4MB fragment buffer.
# The following (comma delimited) options are available for frag2
# timeout [seconds] - sets the number of [seconds] than an unfinished
# fragment will be kept around waiting for completion,
# if this time expires the fragment will be flushed
# memcap [bytes] - limit frag2 memory usage to [number] bytes
# (default: 4194304)
#
# min_ttl [number] - minimum ttl to accept
#
# ttl_limit [number] - difference of ttl to accept without alerting
# will cause false positves with router flap
#
# Frag2 uses Generator ID 113 and uses the following SIDS
# for that GID:
# SID Event description
# ----- -------------------
# 1 Oversized fragment (reassembled frag > 64k bytes)
# 2 Teardrop-type attack
preprocessor frag2
# stream4: stateful inspection/stream reassembly for Snort
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Use in concert with the -z [all|est] command line switch to defeat
# stick/snot against TCP rules. Also performs full TCP stream
# reassembly, stateful inspection of TCP streams, etc. Can statefully
# detect various portscan types, fingerprinting, ECN, etc.
# stateful inspection directive
# no arguments loads the defaults (timeout 30, memcap 8388608)
# options (options are comma delimited):
# detect_scans - stream4 will detect stealth portscans and generate alerts
# when it sees them when this option is set
# detect_state_problems - detect TCP state problems, this tends to be very
# noisy because there are a lot of crappy ip stack
# implementations out there
#
# disable_evasion_alerts - turn off the possibly noisy mitigation of
# overlapping sequences.
#
#
# min_ttl [number] - set a minium ttl that snort will accept to
# stream reassembly
#
# ttl_limit [number] - differential of the initial ttl on a session
versus
# the normal that someone may be playing games.
# Routing flap may cause lots of false positives.
#
# keepstats [machine|binary] - keep session statistics, add
"machine" to
# get them in a flat format for machine reading, add
# "binary" to get them in a unified binary
output
# format
# noinspect - turn off stateful inspection only
# timeout [number] - set the session timeout counter to [number] seconds,
# default is 30 seconds
# memcap [number] - limit stream4 memory usage to [number] bytes
# log_flushed_streams - if an event is detected on a stream this option will
# cause all packets that are stored in the stream4
# packet buffers to be flushed to disk. This only
# works when logging in pcap mode!
#
# Stream4 uses Generator ID 111 and uses the following SIDS
# for that GID:
# SID Event description
# ----- -------------------
# 1 Stealth activity
# 2 Evasive RST packet
# 3 Evasive TCP packet retransmission
# 4 TCP Window violation
# 5 Data on SYN packet
# 6 Stealth scan: full XMAS
# 7 Stealth scan: SYN-ACK-PSH-URG
# 8 Stealth scan: FIN scan
# 9 Stealth scan: NULL scan
# 10 Stealth scan: NMAP XMAS scan
# 11 Stealth scan: Vecna scan
# 12 Stealth scan: NMAP fingerprint scan stateful detect
# 13 Stealth scan: SYN-FIN scan
# 14 TCP forward overlap
preprocessor stream4: detect_scans, disable_evasion_alerts
# tcp stream reassembly directive
# no arguments loads the default configuration
# Only reassemble the client,
# Only reassemble the default list of ports (See below),
# Give alerts for "bad" streams
#
# Available options (comma delimited):
# clientonly - reassemble traffic for the client side of a connection only
# serveronly - reassemble traffic for the server side of a connection only
# both - reassemble both sides of a session
# noalerts - turn off alerts from the stream reassembly stage of stream4
# ports [list] - use the space separated list of ports in [list],
"all"
# will turn on reassembly for all ports, "default"
will turn
# on reassembly for ports 21, 23, 25, 53, 80, 143, 110, 111
# and 513
preprocessor stream4_reassemble
# http_decode: normalize HTTP requests
# ------------------------------------
# http_decode normalizes HTTP requests from remote
# machines by converting any %XX character
# substitutions to their ASCII equivalent. This is
# very useful for doing things like defeating hostile
# attackers trying to stealth themselves from IDSs by
# mixing these substitutions in with the request.
# Specify the port numbers you want it to analyze as arguments.
#
# Major code cleanups thanks to rfp
#
# unicode - normalize unicode
# iis_alt_unicode - %u encoding from iis
# double_encode - alert on possible double encodings
# iis_flip_slash - normalize \ as /
# full_whitespace - treat \t as whitespace ( for apache )
#
# for that GID:
# SID Event description
# ----- -------------------
# 1 UNICODE attack
# 2 NULL byte attack
preprocessor http_decode: 80 unicode iis_alt_unicode double_encode
iis_flip_slash full_whitespace
# rpc_decode: normalize RPC traffic
# ---------------------------------
# RPC may be sent in alternate encodings besides the usual
# 4-byte encoding that is used by default. This preprocessor
# normalized RPC traffic in much the same way as the http_decode
# preprocessor. This plugin takes the ports numbers that RPC
# services are running on as arguments.
# The RPC decode preprocessor uses generator ID 106
#
# arguments: space separated list
# alert_fragments - alert on any rpc fragmented TCP data
# no_alert_multiple_requests - don't alert when >1 rpc query is in a
packet
# no_alert_large_fragments - don't alert when the fragmented
# sizes exceed the current packet size
# no_alert_incomplete - don't alert when a single segment
# exceeds the current packet size
preprocessor rpc_decode: 111 32771
# bo: Back Orifice detector
# -------------------------
# Detects Back Orifice traffic on the network. Takes no arguments in 2.0.
#
# The Back Orifice detector uses Generator ID 105 and uses the
# following SIDS for that GID:
# SID Event description
# ----- -------------------
# 1 Back Orifice traffic detected
preprocessor bo
# telnet_decode: Telnet negotiation string normalizer
# ---------------------------------------------------
# This preprocessor "normalizes" telnet negotiation strings from
# telnet and ftp traffic. It works in much the same way as the
# http_decode preprocessor, searching for traffic that breaks up
# the normal data stream of a protocol and replacing it with
# a normalized representation of that traffic so that the "content"
# pattern matching keyword can work without requiring modifications.
# This preprocessor requires no arguments.
# Portscan uses Generator ID 109 and does not generate any SID currently.
preprocessor telnet_decode
# Portscan: detect a variety of portscans
# ---------------------------------------
# portscan preprocessor by Patrick Mullen <p_mullen@linuxrc.net>
# This preprocessor detects UDP packets or TCP SYN packets going to
# four different ports in less than three seconds. "Stealth" TCP
# packets are always detected, regardless of these settings.
# Portscan uses Generator ID 100 and uses the following SIDS for that GID:
# SID Event description
# ----- -------------------
# 1 Portscan detect
# 2 Inter-scan info
# 3 Portscan End
# preprocessor portscan: $HOME_NET 4 3 portscan.log
# Use portscan-ignorehosts to ignore TCP SYN and UDP "scans" from
# specific networks or hosts to reduce false alerts. It is typical
# to see many false alerts from DNS servers so you may want to
# add your DNS servers here. You can all multiple hosts/networks
# in a whitespace-delimited list.
#
#preprocessor portscan-ignorehosts: 0.0.0.0
# arpspoof
#----------------------------------------
# Experimental ARP detection code from Jeff Nathan, detects ARP attacks,
# unicast ARP requests, and specific ARP mapping monitoring. To make use
# of this preprocessor you must specify the IP and hardware address of hosts on
# the same layer 2 segment as you. Specify one host IP MAC combo per line.
# Also takes a "-unicast" option to turn on unicast ARP request
detection.
# Arpspoof uses Generator ID 112 and uses the following SIDS for that GID:
# SID Event description
# ----- -------------------
# 1 Unicast ARP request
# 2 Etherframe ARP mismatch (src)
# 3 Etherframe ARP mismatch (dst)
# 4 ARP cache overwrite attack
#preprocessor arpspoof
#preprocessor arpspoof_detect_host: 192.168.40.1 f0:0f:00:f0:0f:00
# Conversation
#------------------------------------------
# This preprocessor tracks conversations for tcp, udp and icmp traffic. It
# is a prerequisite for running portscan2.
#
# allowed_ip_protcols 1 6 17
# list of allowed ip protcols ( defaults to any )
#
# timeout [num]
# conversation timeout ( defaults to 60 )
#
#
# max_conversations [num]
# number of conversations to support at once (defaults to 65335)
#
#
# alert_odd_protocols
# alert on protocols not listed in allowed_ip_protocols
#
# preprocessor conversation: allowed_ip_protocols all, timeout 60,
max_conversations 3000
#
# Portscan2
#-------------------------------------------
# Portscan 2, detect portscans in a new and exciting way. You must enable
# spp_conversation in order to use this preprocessor.
#
# Available options:
# scanners_max [num]
# targets_max [num]
# target_limit [num]
# port_limit [num]
# timeout [num]
# log [logdir]
#
#preprocessor portscan2: scanners_max 256, targets_max 1024, target_limit 5,
port_limit 20, timeout 60
# Too many false alerts from portscan2? Tone it down with
# portscan2-ignorehosts!
#
# A space delimited list of addresses in CIDR notation to ignore
#
# preprocessor portscan2-ignorehosts: 10.0.0.0/8 192.168.24.0/24
#
# Experimental Perf stats
# -----------------------
# No docs. Highly subject to change.
#
# preprocessor perfmonitor: console flow events time 10
####################################################################
# Step #3: Configure output plugins
#
# Uncomment and configure the output plugins you decide to use.
# General configuration for output plugins is of the form:
#
# output <name_of_plugin>: <configuration_options>
#
# alert_syslog: log alerts to syslog
# ----------------------------------
# Use one or more syslog facilities as arguments. Win32 can also
# optionally specify a particular hostname/port. Under Win32, the
# default hostname is '127.0.0.1', and the default port is 514.
#
# [Unix flavours should use this format...]
# output alert_syslog: LOG_AUTH LOG_ALERT
#
# [Win32 can use any of these formats...]
# output alert_syslog: LOG_AUTH LOG_ALERT
# output alert_syslog: host=hostname, LOG_AUTH LOG_ALERT
# output alert_syslog: host=hostname:port, LOG_AUTH LOG_ALERT
# log_tcpdump: log packets in binary tcpdump format
# -------------------------------------------------
# The only argument is the output file name.
#
# output log_tcpdump: tcpdump.log
# database: log to a variety of databases
# ---------------------------------------
# See the README.database file for more information about configuring
# and using this plugin.
#
# output database: log, mysql, user=root password=test dbname=db host=localhost
output database: log, postgresql, sensor_name=externalfirewall encoding=hex
port=5432 user=snort dbname=snort host=postgres.csia.sou.edu
# output database: alert, postgresql, user=snort dbname=snort
# output database: log, unixodbc, user=snort dbname=snort
# output database: log, mssql, dbname=snort user=snort password=test
# unified: Snort unified binary format alerting and logging
# -------------------------------------------------------------
# The unified output plugin provides two new formats for logging
# and generating alerts from Snort, the "unified" format. The
# unified format is a straight binary format for logging data
# out of Snort that is designed to be fast and efficient. Used
# with barnyard (the new alert/log processor), most of the overhead
# for logging and alerting to various slow storage mechanisms
# such as databases or the network can now be avoided.
#
# Check out the spo_unified.h file for the data formats.
#
# Two arguments are supported.
# filename - base filename to write to (current time_t is appended)
# limit - maximum size of spool file in MB (default: 128)
#
# output alert_unified: filename snort.alert, limit 128
# output log_unified: filename snort.log, limit 128
# You can optionally define new rule types and associate one or
# more output plugins specifically to that type.
#
# This example will create a type that will log to just tcpdump.
# ruletype suspicious
# {
# type log
# output log_tcpdump: suspicious.log
# }
#
# EXAMPLE RULE FOR SUSPICIOUS RULETYPE:
# suspicious $HOME_NET any -> $HOME_NET 6667 (msg:"Internal IRC
Server";)
#
# This example will create a rule type that will log to syslog
# and a mysql database.
# ruletype redalert
# {
# type alert
# output alert_syslog: LOG_AUTH LOG_ALERT
# output database: log, mysql, user=snort dbname=snort host=localhost
# }
#
# EXAMPLE RULE FOR REDALERT RULETYPE
# redalert tcp $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET 31337 \
# (msg:"Someone is being LEET"; flags:A+;)
#
# Include classification & priority settings
#
include ../share/snort/classification.config
#
# Include reference systems
#
include ../share/snort/reference.config
####################################################################
# Step #4: Customize your rule set
#
# Up to date snort rules are available at http://www.snort.org
#
# The snort web site has documentation about how to write your own
# custom snort rules.
#
# The rules included with this distribution generate alerts based on
# on suspicious activity. Depending on your network environment, your
# security policies, and what you consider to be suspicious, some of
# these rules may either generate false positives ore may be detecting
# activity you consider to be acceptable; therefore, you are
# encouraged to comment out rules that are not applicable in your
# environment.
#
# Note that using all of the rules at the same time may lead to
# serious packet loss on slower machines. YMMV, use with caution,
# standard disclaimers apply. :)
#
# The following individuals contributed many of rules in this
# distribution.
#
# Credits:
# Ron Gula <rgula@securitywizards.com> of Network Security Wizards
# Max Vision <vision@whitehats.com>
# Martin Markgraf <martin@mail.du.gtn.com>
# Fyodor Yarochkin <fygrave@tigerteam.net>
# Nick Rogness <nick@rapidnet.com>
# Jim Forster <jforster@rapidnet.com>
# Scott McIntyre <scott@whoi.edu>
# Tom Vandepoel <Tom.Vandepoel@ubizen.com>
# Brian Caswell <bmc@snort.org>
# Zeno <admin@cgisecurity.com>
# Ryan Russell <ryan@securityfocus.com>
#
#========================================# Include all relevant rulesets here
#
# shellcode, policy, info, backdoor, and virus rulesets are
# disabled by default. These require tuning and maintance.
# Please read the included specific file for more information.
#========================================
include $RULE_PATH/bad-traffic.rules
include $RULE_PATH/exploit.rules
include $RULE_PATH/scan.rules
include $RULE_PATH/finger.rules
include $RULE_PATH/ftp.rules
include $RULE_PATH/telnet.rules
include $RULE_PATH/rpc.rules
include $RULE_PATH/rservices.rules
include $RULE_PATH/dos.rules
include $RULE_PATH/ddos.rules
include $RULE_PATH/dns.rules
include $RULE_PATH/tftp.rules
include $RULE_PATH/web-cgi.rules
include $RULE_PATH/web-coldfusion.rules
include $RULE_PATH/web-iis.rules
include $RULE_PATH/web-frontpage.rules
include $RULE_PATH/web-misc.rules
include $RULE_PATH/web-client.rules
include $RULE_PATH/web-php.rules
include $RULE_PATH/sql.rules
include $RULE_PATH/x11.rules
include $RULE_PATH/icmp.rules
include $RULE_PATH/netbios.rules
include $RULE_PATH/misc.rules
include $RULE_PATH/attack-responses.rules
include $RULE_PATH/oracle.rules
include $RULE_PATH/mysql.rules
include $RULE_PATH/snmp.rules
include $RULE_PATH/smtp.rules
include $RULE_PATH/imap.rules
include $RULE_PATH/pop2.rules
include $RULE_PATH/pop3.rules
include $RULE_PATH/nntp.rules
include $RULE_PATH/other-ids.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/web-attacks.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/backdoor.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/shellcode.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/policy.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/porn.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/info.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/icmp-info.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/virus.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/chat.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/multimedia.rules
# include $RULE_PATH/p2p.rules
include $RULE_PATH/experimental.rules
include $RULE_PATH/local.rules
# end snort.conf
--
Louis Kowolowski louisk@cryptomonkeys.org
Crypto Monkeys: http://www.cryptomonkeys.org/~louisk
IRC: outcast-consultants.biz#outcasts
gpg info: http://www.cryptomonkeys.org/~louisk/gurgi.html
gpg print: F04B 9A37 822A 4CE1 95CE 4D28 1AFF CCB7 DE4B A841
Everyone is a genius. It's just that
some people are too stupid to realize it.
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