I am having subtle problems with IMAP mailbox configuration on certain clients
such as KMail and Thunderbird, whereas the previous setup was working on
K9Mail (mobile) and Trojit? (desktop).
I was using Maildir folders, which were mostly working before, but for some
reason I had to create explicitly named namespaces for the flatfile (mbox)
Inbox and the Maildir "Home" folders. I also specified an INDEX
directory for
the inboxes, which I made world-writable and sticky, because of permission
problems creating subdirectories in it.
KMail always seems to put sent mail into a local "sent-mail" folder,
rather
than the IMAP Sent folder associated with the sending account. (KMail and
Thunderbird have a more POP-oriented architecture for the desktop, whereas
Trojit? is exclusively IMAP.)
Is there an easier better way to organize some of this stuff? Or how is it
"usually" done?
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##
## Mailbox locations and namespaces
##
# Location for users' mailboxes. The default is empty, which means that
Dovecot
# tries to find the mailboxes automatically. This won't work if the user
# doesn't yet have any mail, so you should explicitly tell Dovecot the full
# location.
#
# If you're using mbox, giving a path to the INBOX file (eg. /var/mail/%u)
# isn't enough. You'll also need to tell Dovecot where the other
mailboxes are
# kept. This is called the "root mail directory", and it must be the
first
# path given in the mail_location setting.
#
# There are a few special variables you can use, eg.:
#
# %u - username
# %n - user part in user at domain, same as %u if there's no domain
# %d - domain part in user at domain, empty if there's no domain
# %h - home directory
#
# See doc/wiki/Variables.txt for full list. Some examples:
#
#mail_location = /var/mail/%n
mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u:INDEX=/var/index/%u
#
# <doc/wiki/MailLocation.txt>
#
#mail_location =
# If you need to set multiple mailbox locations or want to change default
# namespace settings, you can do it by defining namespace sections.
#
# You can have private, shared and public namespaces. Private namespaces
# are for user's personal mails. Shared namespaces are for accessing other
# users' mailboxes that have been shared. Public namespaces are for shared
# mailboxes that are managed by sysadmin. If you create any shared or public
# namespaces you'll typically want to enable ACL plugin also, otherwise all
# users can access all the shared mailboxes, assuming they have permissions
# on filesystem level to do so.
namespace inbox {
# Namespace type: private, shared or public
type = private
# Hierarchy separator to use. You should use the same separator for all
# namespaces or some clients get confused. '/' is usually a good one.
# The default however depends on the underlying mail storage format.
separator = /
# Prefix required to access this namespace. This needs to be different for
# all namespaces. For example "Public/".
prefix = "Inbox/"
# Physical location of the mailbox. This is in same format as
# mail_location, which is also the default for it.
# There can be only one INBOX, and this setting defines which namespace
# has it.
inbox = yes
# If namespace is hidden, it's not advertised to clients via NAMESPACE
# extension. You'll most likely also want to set list=no. This is mostly
# useful when converting from another server with different namespaces which
# you want to deprecate but still keep working. For example you can create
# hidden namespaces with prefixes "~/mail/", "~%u/mail/"
and "mail/".
hidden = no
# Show the mailboxes under this namespace with LIST command. This makes the
# namespace visible for clients that don't support NAMESPACE extension.
# "children" value lists child mailboxes, but hides the namespace
prefix.
list = yes
# Namespace handles its own subscriptions. If set to "no", the
parent
# namespace handles them (empty prefix should always have this as
"yes")
subscriptions = yes
# See 15-mailboxes.conf for definitions of special mailboxes.
}
namespace homedir {
separator = /
prefix = "Home/"
location = maildir:~/Maildir
list = yes
subscriptions = yes
hidden = no
inbox = no
}
# Example shared namespace configuration
#namespace {
#type = shared
#separator = /
# Mailboxes are visible under "shared/user at domain/"
# %%n, %%d and %%u are expanded to the destination user.
#prefix = shared/%%u/
# Mail location for other users' mailboxes. Note that %variables and ~/
# expands to the logged in user's data. %%n, %%d, %%u and %%h expand to
the
# destination user's data.
#location = maildir:%%h/Maildir:INDEX=~/Maildir/shared/%%u
# Use the default namespace for saving subscriptions.
#subscriptions = no
# List the shared/ namespace only if there are visible shared mailboxes.
#list = children
#}
# Should shared INBOX be visible as "shared/user" or
"shared/user/INBOX"?
# mail_shared_explicit_inbox = yes
# System user and group used to access mails. If you use multiple, userdb
# can override these by returning uid or gid fields. You can use either numbers
# or names. <doc/wiki/UserIds.txt>
#mail_uid #mail_gid
# Group to enable temporarily for privileged operations. Currently this is
# used only with INBOX when either its initial creation or dotlocking fails.
# Typically this is set to "mail" to give access to /var/mail.
# mail_privileged_group = mail
# Grant access to these supplementary groups for mail processes. Typically
# these are used to set up access to shared mailboxes. Note that it may be
# dangerous to set these if users can create symlinks (e.g. if "mail"
group is
# set here, ln -s /var/mail ~/mail/var could allow a user to delete others'
# mailboxes, or ln -s /secret/shared/box ~/mail/mybox would allow reading it).
#mail_access_groups
# Allow full filesystem access to clients. There's no access checks other
than
# what the operating system does for the active UID/GID. It works with both
# maildir and mboxes, allowing you to prefix mailboxes names with eg. /path/
# or ~user/.
#mail_full_filesystem_access = no
# Dictionary for key=value mailbox attributes. This is used for example by
# URLAUTH and METADATA extensions.
#mail_attribute_dict
# A comment or note that is associated with the server. This value is
# accessible for authenticated users through the IMAP METADATA server
# entry "/shared/comment".
#mail_server_comment = ""
# Indicates a method for contacting the server administrator. According to
# RFC 5464, this value MUST be a URI (e.g., a mailto: or tel: URL), but that
# is currently not enforced. Use for example mailto:admin at example.com. This
# value is accessible for authenticated users through the IMAP METADATA server
# entry "/shared/admin".
#mail_server_admin =
##
## Mail processes
##
# Don't use mmap() at all. This is required if you store indexes to shared
# filesystems (NFS or clustered filesystem).
#mmap_disable = no
# Rely on O_EXCL to work when creating dotlock files. NFS supports O_EXCL
# since version 3, so this should be safe to use nowadays by default.
#dotlock_use_excl = yes
# When to use fsync() or fdatasync() calls:
# optimized (default): Whenever necessary to avoid losing important data
# always: Useful with e.g. NFS when write()s are delayed
# never: Never use it (best performance, but crashes can lose data)
#mail_fsync = optimized
# Locking method for index files. Alternatives are fcntl, flock and dotlock.
# Dotlocking uses some tricks which may create more disk I/O than other locking
# methods. NFS users: flock doesn't work, remember to change mmap_disable.
#lock_method = fcntl
# Directory in which LDA/LMTP temporarily stores incoming mails >128 kB.
#mail_temp_dir = /tmp
# Valid UID range for users, defaults to 500 and above. This is mostly
# to make sure that users can't log in as daemons or other system users.
# Note that denying root logins is hardcoded to dovecot binary and can't
# be done even if first_valid_uid is set to 0.
#first_valid_uid = 500
#last_valid_uid = 0
# Valid GID range for users, defaults to non-root/wheel. Users having
# non-valid GID as primary group ID aren't allowed to log in. If user
# belongs to supplementary groups with non-valid GIDs, those groups are
# not set.
#first_valid_gid = 1
#last_valid_gid = 0
# Maximum allowed length for mail keyword name. It's only forced when trying
# to create new keywords.
#mail_max_keyword_length = 50
# ':' separated list of directories under which chrooting is allowed for
mail
# processes (ie. /var/mail will allow chrooting to /var/mail/foo/bar too).
# This setting doesn't affect login_chroot, mail_chroot or auth chroot
# settings. If this setting is empty, "/./" in home dirs are ignored.
# WARNING: Never add directories here which local users can modify, that
# may lead to root exploit. Usually this should be done only if you don't
# allow shell access for users. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#valid_chroot_dirs =
# Default chroot directory for mail processes. This can be overridden for
# specific users in user database by giving /./ in user's home directory
# (eg. /home/./user chroots into /home). Note that usually there is no real
# need to do chrooting, Dovecot doesn't allow users to access files outside
# their mail directory anyway. If your home directories are prefixed with
# the chroot directory, append "/." to mail_chroot.
<doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#mail_chroot =
# UNIX socket path to master authentication server to find users.
# This is used by imap (for shared users) and lda.
#auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-userdb
# Directory where to look up mail plugins.
#mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot
# Space separated list of plugins to load for all services. Plugins specific to
# IMAP, LDA, etc. are added to this list in their own .conf files.
#mail_plugins =
##
## Mailbox handling optimizations
##
# Mailbox list indexes can be used to optimize IMAP STATUS commands. They are
# also required for IMAP NOTIFY extension to be enabled.
mailbox_list_index = yes
# Trust mailbox list index to be up-to-date. This reduces disk I/O at the cost
# of potentially returning out-of-date results after e.g. server crashes.
# The results will be automatically fixed once the folders are opened.
#mailbox_list_index_very_dirty_syncs = yes
# Should INBOX be kept up-to-date in the mailbox list index? By default it's
# not, because most of the mailbox accesses will open INBOX anyway.
mailbox_list_index_include_inbox = yes
# The minimum number of mails in a mailbox before updates are done to cache
# file. This allows optimizing Dovecot's behavior to do less disk writes at
# the cost of more disk reads.
#mail_cache_min_mail_count = 0
# When IDLE command is running, mailbox is checked once in a while to see if
# there are any new mails or other changes. This setting defines the minimum
# time to wait between those checks. Dovecot can also use inotify and
# kqueue to find out immediately when changes occur.
#mailbox_idle_check_interval = 30 secs
# Save mails with CR+LF instead of plain LF. This makes sending those mails
# take less CPU, especially with sendfile() syscall with Linux and FreeBSD.
# But it also creates a bit more disk I/O which may just make it slower.
# Also note that if other software reads the mboxes/maildirs, they may handle
# the extra CRs wrong and cause problems.
#mail_save_crlf = no
# Max number of mails to keep open and prefetch to memory. This only works with
# some mailbox formats and/or operating systems.
#mail_prefetch_count = 0
# How often to scan for stale temporary files and delete them (0 = never).
# These should exist only after Dovecot dies in the middle of saving mails.
#mail_temp_scan_interval = 1w
# How many slow mail accesses sorting can perform before it returns failure.
# With IMAP the reply is: NO [LIMIT] Requested sort would have taken too long.
# The untagged SORT reply is still returned, but it's likely not correct.
#mail_sort_max_read_count = 0
protocol !indexer-worker {
# If folder vsize calculation requires opening more than this many mails from
# disk (i.e. mail sizes aren't in cache already), return failure and
finish
# the calculation via indexer process. Disabled by default. This setting must
# be 0 for indexer-worker processes.
#mail_vsize_bg_after_count = 0
}
##
## Maildir-specific settings
##
# By default LIST command returns all entries in maildir beginning with a dot.
# Enabling this option makes Dovecot return only entries which are directories.
# This is done by stat()ing each entry, so it causes more disk I/O.
# (For systems setting struct dirent->d_type, this check is free and it's
# done always regardless of this setting)
#maildir_stat_dirs = no
# When copying a message, do it with hard links whenever possible. This makes
# the performance much better, and it's unlikely to have any side effects.
#maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes
# Assume Dovecot is the only MUA accessing Maildir: Scan cur/ directory only
# when its mtime changes unexpectedly or when we can't find the mail
otherwise.
#maildir_very_dirty_syncs = no
# If enabled, Dovecot doesn't use the S=<size> in the Maildir
filenames for
# getting the mail's physical size, except when recalculating Maildir++
quota.
# This can be useful in systems where a lot of the Maildir filenames have a
# broken size. The performance hit for enabling this is very small.
#maildir_broken_filename_sizes = no
# Always move mails from new/ directory to cur/, even when the \Recent flags
# aren't being reset.
#maildir_empty_new = no
##
## mbox-specific settings
##
# Which locking methods to use for locking mbox. There are four available:
# dotlock: Create <mailbox>.lock file. This is the oldest and most
NFS-safe
# solution. If you want to use /var/mail/ like directory, the users
# will need write access to that directory.
# dotlock_try: Same as dotlock, but if it fails because of permissions or
# because there isn't enough disk space, just skip it.
# fcntl : Use this if possible. Works with NFS too if lockd is used.
# flock : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
# lockf : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
#
# You can use multiple locking methods; if you do the order they're declared
# in is important to avoid deadlocks if other MTAs/MUAs are using multiple
# locking methods as well. Some operating systems don't allow using some of
# them simultaneously.
#mbox_read_locks = fcntl
#mbox_write_locks = dotlock fcntl
mbox_write_locks = fcntl
# Maximum time to wait for lock (all of them) before aborting.
#mbox_lock_timeout = 5 mins
# If dotlock exists but the mailbox isn't modified in any way, override the
# lock file after this much time.
#mbox_dotlock_change_timeout = 2 mins
# When mbox changes unexpectedly we have to fully read it to find out what
# changed. If the mbox is large this can take a long time. Since the change
# is usually just a newly appended mail, it'd be faster to simply read the
# new mails. If this setting is enabled, Dovecot does this but still safely
# fallbacks to re-reading the whole mbox file whenever something in mbox
isn't
# how it's expected to be. The only real downside to this setting is that if
# some other MUA changes message flags, Dovecot doesn't notice it
immediately.
# Note that a full sync is done with SELECT, EXAMINE, EXPUNGE and CHECK
# commands.
#mbox_dirty_syncs = yes
# Like mbox_dirty_syncs, but don't do full syncs even with SELECT, EXAMINE,
# EXPUNGE or CHECK commands. If this is set, mbox_dirty_syncs is ignored.
#mbox_very_dirty_syncs = no
# Delay writing mbox headers until doing a full write sync (EXPUNGE and CHECK
# commands and when closing the mailbox). This is especially useful for POP3
# where clients often delete all mails. The downside is that our changes
# aren't immediately visible to other MUAs.
#mbox_lazy_writes = yes
# If mbox size is smaller than this (e.g. 100k), don't write index files.
# If an index file already exists it's still read, just not updated.
#mbox_min_index_size = 0
# Mail header selection algorithm to use for MD5 POP3 UIDLs when
# pop3_uidl_format=%m. For backwards compatibility we use apop3d inspired
# algorithm, but it fails if the first Received: header isn't unique in all
# mails. An alternative algorithm is "all" that selects all headers.
#mbox_md5 = apop3d
##
## mdbox-specific settings
##
# Maximum dbox file size until it's rotated.
#mdbox_rotate_size = 2M
# Maximum dbox file age until it's rotated. Typically in days. Day begins
# from midnight, so 1d = today, 2d = yesterday, etc. 0 = check disabled.
#mdbox_rotate_interval = 0
# When creating new mdbox files, immediately preallocate their size to
# mdbox_rotate_size. This setting currently works only in Linux with some
# filesystems (ext4, xfs).
#mdbox_preallocate_space = no
##
## Mail attachments
##
# sdbox and mdbox support saving mail attachments to external files, which
# also allows single instance storage for them. Other backends don't support
# this for now.
# Directory root where to store mail attachments. Disabled, if empty.
#mail_attachment_dir
# Attachments smaller than this aren't saved externally. It's also
possible to
# write a plugin to disable saving specific attachments externally.
#mail_attachment_min_size = 128k
# Filesystem backend to use for saving attachments:
# posix : No SiS done by Dovecot (but this might help FS's own
deduplication)
# sis posix : SiS with immediate byte-by-byte comparison during saving
# sis-queue posix : SiS with delayed comparison and deduplication
#mail_attachment_fs = sis posix
# Hash format to use in attachment filenames. You can add any text and
# variables: %{md4}, %{md5}, %{sha1}, %{sha256}, %{sha512}, %{size}.
# Variables can be truncated, e.g. %{sha256:80} returns only first 80 bits
#mail_attachment_hash = %{sha1}
# Settings to control adding $HasAttachment or $HasNoAttachment keywords.
# By default, all MIME parts with Content-Disposition=attachment, or inlines
# with filename parameter are consired attachments.
# add-flags-on-save - Add the keywords when saving new mails.
# content-type=type or !type - Include/exclude content type. Excluding will
# never consider the matched MIME part as attachment. Including will only
# negate an exclusion (e.g. content-type=!foo/* content-type=foo/bar).
# exclude-inlined - Exclude any Content-Disposition=inline MIME part.
#mail_attachment_detection_options -------------- next part --------------
##
## Mailbox definitions
##
# Each mailbox is specified in a separate mailbox section. The section name
# specifies the mailbox name. If it has spaces, you can put the name
# "in quotes". These sections can contain the following mailbox
settings:
#
# auto:
# Indicates whether the mailbox with this name is automatically created
# implicitly when it is first accessed. The user can also be automatically
# subscribed to the mailbox after creation. The following values are
# defined for this setting:
#
# no - Never created automatically.
# create - Automatically created, but no automatic subscription.
# subscribe - Automatically created and subscribed.
#
# special_use:
# A space-separated list of SPECIAL-USE flags (RFC 6154) to use for the
# mailbox. There are no validity checks, so you could specify anything
# you want in here, but it's not a good idea to use flags other than the
# standard ones specified in the RFC:
#
# \All - This (virtual) mailbox presents all messages in the
# user's message store.
# \Archive - This mailbox is used to archive messages.
# \Drafts - This mailbox is used to hold draft messages.
# \Flagged - This (virtual) mailbox presents all messages in the
# user's message store marked with the IMAP \Flagged flag.
# \Junk - This mailbox is where messages deemed to be junk mail
# are held.
# \Sent - This mailbox is used to hold copies of messages that
# have been sent.
# \Trash - This mailbox is used to hold messages that have been
# deleted.
#
# comment:
# Defines a default comment or note associated with the mailbox. This
# value is accessible through the IMAP METADATA mailbox entries
# "/shared/comment" and "/private/comment". Users with
sufficient
# privileges can override the default value for entries with a custom
# value.
# NOTE: Assumes "namespace inbox" has been defined in 10-mail.conf.
namespace homedir {
# These mailboxes are widely used and could perhaps be created automatically:
mailbox Drafts {
special_use = \Drafts
}
mailbox Junk {
special_use = \Junk
}
mailbox Trash {
special_use = \Trash
}
# For \Sent mailboxes there are two widely used names. We'll mark both of
# them as \Sent. User typically deletes one of them if duplicates are created.
mailbox Sent {
special_use = \Sent
}
mailbox "Sent Messages" {
special_use = \Sent
}
# If you have a virtual "All messages" mailbox:
#mailbox virtual/All {
# special_use = \All
# comment = All my messages
#}
# If you have a virtual "Flagged" mailbox:
#mailbox virtual/Flagged {
# special_use = \Flagged
# comment = All my flagged messages
#}
}
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