CentOS - Oct 2019 - CentOS 8: what changed (regular UNIX admin commands)?

Hello Experts!

I'm sure many of you run CentOS for some time already.

My question is: is there some place that lists which of the most often 
used sysadmin commands are gone and what are replacements for them. Or 
what else one needs to do after successful installation. (in the past it 
was process accounting that was not enabled by default, but which gives 
you quite some handle in investigating compromise).

I just tried quite ordinaly command of freshly installed CentOS 8:

last

and got an error:

last: (default utx db): No such file or directory

I realize that it could be just me, and I'll cope with that myself one 
way or another but this one prompted me to ask everybody: Is there 
anything I can read so I can learn what differenmt to expect on CentOS 8 
from, say, CentOS 7?

Thanks.
Valeri

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Valeri Galtsev
Sr System Administrator
Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
University of Chicago
Phone: 773-702-4247
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Am 22.10.19 um 18:55 schrieb Valeri Galtsev:
> ... Is there anything I can read so I can learn what differenmt to expect
on CentOS 8
> from, say, CentOS 7?
> 
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/considerations_in_adopting_rhel_8/index

--
Leon

On Tue, 22 Oct 2019 at 12:55, Valeri Galtsev <galtsev at
kicp.uchicago.edu> wrote:
>
> Hello Experts!
>
> I'm sure many of you run CentOS for some time already.
>
> My question is: is there some place that lists which of the most often
> used sysadmin commands are gone and what are replacements for them. Or
> what else one needs to do after successful installation. (in the past it
> was process accounting that was not enabled by default, but which gives
> you quite some handle in investigating compromise).
>
> I just tried quite ordinaly command of freshly installed CentOS 8:
>
> last
>
> and got an error:
>
> last: (default utx db): No such file or directory
>
Huh. When I run it I got

[root at localhost ~]# last
root     pts/0        192.168.1.15     Sat Oct 19 15:42   still logged in
reboot   system boot  4.18.0-80.11.2.e Fri Oct 18 09:39   still running
root     pts/1        192.168.1.15     Thu Oct 17 14:16 - 09:38  (19:22)
smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Fri Oct  4 18:14 - 13:24 (12+19:10)
smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Fri Oct  4 09:02 - 09:09  (00:06)
smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Thu Oct  3 16:31 - 16:46  (00:14)
smooge   pts/2        192.168.1.15     Mon Sep 23 17:23 - 09:05  (15:41)
smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Sat Sep 21 14:45 - 10:36 (5+19:51)
smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Thu Sep 19 17:04 - 17:05  (00:01)
smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Mon Sep 16 13:06 - 17:02  (03:55)
smooge   tty2         tty2             Thu Sep 12 12:43 - down  (35+20:55)
reboot   system boot  4.18.0-80.el8.x8 Thu Sep 12 12:33 - 09:38 (35+21:05)

In el7 it used to be in this package:
[smooge at batcave01 ansible (master)]$ rpm -qf /usr/bin/last
sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64

And in el8 it is in
[root at localhost ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/last
util-linux-2.32.1-8.el8.x86_64

The wtmp file is owned by
[root at localhost ~]# rpm -qf /var/log/wtmp
systemd-239-13.el8_0.5.x86_64

However as you can tell from above this system has been installed for
a bit so I am guessing whatever creates wtmp hasn't happened?
> I realize that it could be just me, and I'll cope with that myself one
> way or another but this one prompted me to ask everybody: Is there
> anything I can read so I can learn what differenmt to expect on CentOS 8
> from, say, CentOS 7?
>
> Thanks.
> Valeri
>
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> Valeri Galtsev
> Sr System Administrator
> Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics
> Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
> University of Chicago
> Phone: 773-702-4247
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> _______________________________________________
> CentOS mailing list
> CentOS at centos.org
> https://lists.centos.org/mailman/listinfo/centos


-- 
Stephen J Smoogen.

On 2019-10-22 12:20, Stephen John Smoogen wrote:
> On Tue, 22 Oct 2019 at 12:55, Valeri Galtsev <galtsev at
kicp.uchicago.edu> wrote:
>>
>> Hello Experts!
>>
>> I'm sure many of you run CentOS for some time already.
>>
>> My question is: is there some place that lists which of the most often
>> used sysadmin commands are gone and what are replacements for them. Or
>> what else one needs to do after successful installation. (in the past
it
>> was process accounting that was not enabled by default, but which gives
>> you quite some handle in investigating compromise).
>>
>> I just tried quite ordinaly command of freshly installed CentOS 8:
>>
>> last
>>
>> and got an error:
>>
>> last: (default utx db): No such file or directory
>>
> 
> Huh. When I run it I got
> 
> [root at localhost ~]# last
> root     pts/0        192.168.1.15     Sat Oct 19 15:42   still logged in
> reboot   system boot  4.18.0-80.11.2.e Fri Oct 18 09:39   still running
> root     pts/1        192.168.1.15     Thu Oct 17 14:16 - 09:38  (19:22)
Indeed, as I suspected, it was just me. Really stupid thing: I shuffled 
two hostnames (one was freshly installed CentOS 8 machine, another was 
jail inside some FreeBSD machine...). Puzzle solved, but thanks to that 
I'm reading RedHat's document about what's new in RedHat 8 compared
to
7, - Thank you, Leon, for link in your reply!

Valeri
> smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Fri Oct  4 18:14 - 13:24 (12+19:10)
> smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Fri Oct  4 09:02 - 09:09  (00:06)
> smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Thu Oct  3 16:31 - 16:46  (00:14)
> smooge   pts/2        192.168.1.15     Mon Sep 23 17:23 - 09:05  (15:41)
> smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Sat Sep 21 14:45 - 10:36 (5+19:51)
> smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Thu Sep 19 17:04 - 17:05  (00:01)
> smooge   pts/1        192.168.1.15     Mon Sep 16 13:06 - 17:02  (03:55)
> smooge   tty2         tty2             Thu Sep 12 12:43 - down  (35+20:55)
> reboot   system boot  4.18.0-80.el8.x8 Thu Sep 12 12:33 - 09:38 (35+21:05)
> 
> In el7 it used to be in this package:
> [smooge at batcave01 ansible (master)]$ rpm -qf /usr/bin/last
> sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
> 
> And in el8 it is in
> [root at localhost ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/last
> util-linux-2.32.1-8.el8.x86_64
> 
> The wtmp file is owned by
> [root at localhost ~]# rpm -qf /var/log/wtmp
> systemd-239-13.el8_0.5.x86_64
> 
> However as you can tell from above this system has been installed for
> a bit so I am guessing whatever creates wtmp hasn't happened?
> 
>> I realize that it could be just me, and I'll cope with that myself
one
>> way or another but this one prompted me to ask everybody: Is there
>> anything I can read so I can learn what differenmt to expect on CentOS
8
>> from, say, CentOS 7?
>>
>> Thanks.
>> Valeri
>>
>> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>> Valeri Galtsev
>> Sr System Administrator
>> Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics
>> Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
>> University of Chicago
>> Phone: 773-702-4247
>> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>> _______________________________________________
>> CentOS mailing list
>> CentOS at centos.org
>> https://lists.centos.org/mailman/listinfo/centos
> 
> 
> 
-- 
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Valeri Galtsev
Sr System Administrator
Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
University of Chicago
Phone: 773-702-4247
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

On 10/22/19 10:55 AM, Valeri Galtsev wrote:
> Hello Experts!
>
> I'm sure many of you run CentOS for some time already.
>
> My question is: is there some place that lists which of the most often 
> used sysadmin commands are gone and what are replacements for them. Or 
> what else one needs to do after successful installation. (in the past 
> it was process accounting that was not enabled by default, but which 
> gives you quite some handle in investigating compromise).
>
> I just tried quite ordinaly command of freshly installed CentOS 8:
>
> last
>
> and got an error:
>
> last: (default utx db): No such file or directory
>
> I realize that it could be just me, and I'll cope with that myself one 
> way or another but this one prompted me to ask everybody: Is there 
> anything I can read so I can learn what differenmt to expect on CentOS 
> 8 from, say, CentOS 7?
>
> Thanks.
> Valeri
>
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> Valeri Galtsev
> Sr System Administrator
> Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics
> Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
> University of Chicago
> Phone: 773-702-4247
> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> _______________________________________________
> CentOS mailing list
> CentOS at centos.org
> https://lists.centos.org/mailman/listinfo/centos
Saw your later response that the problem was solved but this is an 
interesting question that deserves an answer (and not just what changed 
in RHEL8).? As an example, I'm used to ifconfig and route but keep 
getting reminded that these commands are now deprecated and "ip"
should
be used instead.? Likewise for using dnf instead of yum, systemctl 
instead of service, firewallcmd instead of iptables, etc. I wonder how 
many shell scripts there are "out there" that folks have written or 
accumulated over the years and which now need to be updated before 
deprecated becomes no longer available?? Or, like using iptables instead 
of firewallcmd, may cause something very different than what is expected.

Anyone know of any resource out there that might provide such documentation?

Cheers,
Dave

-- 
"They that can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary
safety deserve neither safety nor liberty."

-- Benjamin Franklin

On Tue, 22 Oct 2019 at 14:11, David G. Miller <dave at davenjudy.org>
wrote:
>
> On 10/22/19 10:55 AM, Valeri Galtsev wrote:
> > Hello Experts!
> >
> > I'm sure many of you run CentOS for some time already.
> >
> > My question is: is there some place that lists which of the most often
> > used sysadmin commands are gone and what are replacements for them. Or
> > what else one needs to do after successful installation. (in the past
> > it was process accounting that was not enabled by default, but which
> > gives you quite some handle in investigating compromise).
> >
> > I just tried quite ordinaly command of freshly installed CentOS 8:
> >
> > last
> >
> > and got an error:
> >
> > last: (default utx db): No such file or directory
> >
> > I realize that it could be just me, and I'll cope with that myself
one
> > way or another but this one prompted me to ask everybody: Is there
> > anything I can read so I can learn what differenmt to expect on CentOS
> > 8 from, say, CentOS 7?
> >
> > Thanks.
> > Valeri
> >
> > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > Valeri Galtsev
> > Sr System Administrator
> > Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics
> > Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics
> > University of Chicago
> > Phone: 773-702-4247
> > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > _______________________________________________
> > CentOS mailing list
> > CentOS at centos.org
> > https://lists.centos.org/mailman/listinfo/centos
> Saw your later response that the problem was solved but this is an
> interesting question that deserves an answer (and not just what changed
> in RHEL8).  As an example, I'm used to ifconfig and route but keep
> getting reminded that these commands are now deprecated and "ip"
should
> be used instead.  Likewise for using dnf instead of yum, systemctl
I think that the deprecation of ifconfig and route was started before
RHEL-7 came out.. and yet I just can't get used to them.
> instead of service, firewallcmd instead of iptables, etc. I wonder how
> many shell scripts there are "out there" that folks have written
or
> accumulated over the years and which now need to be updated before
> deprecated becomes no longer available?  Or, like using iptables instead
> of firewallcmd, may cause something very different than what is expected.
>
> Anyone know of any resource out there that might provide such
documentation?
>
> Cheers,
> Dave
>
> --
> "They that can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary
safety deserve neither safety nor liberty."
>
> -- Benjamin Franklin
>
> _______________________________________________
> CentOS mailing list
> CentOS at centos.org
> https://lists.centos.org/mailman/listinfo/centos


-- 
Stephen J Smoogen.

On Tue, Oct 22, 2019 at 12:11:04PM -0600, David G. Miller
wrote:
> "ip" should be used instead.? Likewise for using dnf instead of
yum,
> systemctl instead of service, firewallcmd instead of iptables, etc.
> I wonder how many shell scripts there are "out there" that folks
> have written or accumulated over the years and which now need to be
> updated before deprecated becomes no longer available?? Or, like
With the case of DNF and Yum, the RHEL team put in considerable work into
making sure that the new DNF-based 'yum' command is a drop-in
replacement
for the vast majority of those scripts.

-- 
Matthew Miller
<mattdm at fedoraproject.org>
Fedora Project Leader