Hi, There is an obvious relationship between order() and sort(): > x <- c("b", "c", NA, "a") > identical(x[order(x, na.last=TRUE)], sort(x, na.last=TRUE)) [1] TRUE > identical(x[order(x, na.last=FALSE)], sort(x, na.last=FALSE)) [1] TRUE > identical(x[order(x, na.last=NA)], sort(x, na.last=NA)) [1] TRUE and having this level of consistency between order-related operations is good. However: > identical(x[order(x)], sort(x)) [1] FALSE This is unfortunate and error prone when writing code that assumes consistent behavior between order() and sort(). The problem is that order() and sort() use a different default for the 'na.last' argument (TRUE and NA, respectively). Is there any reason for that? Any chance this could be revisited? Thanks, H. -- Herv? Pag?s Program in Computational Biology Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center 1100 Fairview Ave. N, M1-B514 P.O. Box 19024 Seattle, WA 98109-1024 E-mail: hpages at fredhutch.org Phone: (206) 667-5791 Fax: (206) 667-1319