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Stuart Marsden

2013-Dec-16 13:03 UTC

[opus] 1.1 Much slower on Raspberry Pi

I have just started trying Opus with a view to using it in a project. I am
interested in embedded hardware and tried it on the Raspberry Pi using the
raspbian distro.

The version of libopus in the repos is 0.9.14. I installed this and tried
encoding 2 minutes of speech from a librevox recording. It managed this at
a respectable pace for complexity 10:

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
Encoding using libopus 0.9.14 (audio)
-----------------------------------------------------
   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
 Preskip: 356

Encoding complete
-----------------------------------------------------
    Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
    Runtime: 50.9 seconds
             (2.358x realtime)
      Wrote: 111194 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
    Bitrate: 6.78414kbit/s (without overhead)
 Rate range: 2.8kbit/s to 12kbit/s
             (7 to 30 bytes per packet)
   Overhead: 8.47% (container+metadata)


And even faster on complexity 0:


Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
Encoding using libopus 0.9.14 (audio)
-----------------------------------------------------
   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
 Preskip: 316

Encoding complete
-----------------------------------------------------
    Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
    Runtime: 23.72 seconds
             (5.059x realtime)
      Wrote: 106598 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
    Bitrate: 6.47779kbit/s (without overhead)
 Rate range: 2.4kbit/s to 13.6kbit/s
             (6 to 34 bytes per packet)
   Overhead: 8.83% (container+metadata)


I saw the 1.1 release notes and it said speed improvements on ARM so
thought I would try. I downloaded from opus-codec.org and compiled directly
on the Pi. It has however turned out a lot slower. Complexity 10 barely can
encode in realtime:

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
Encoding using libopus 1.1 (audio)
-----------------------------------------------------
   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
 Preskip: 356

Encoding complete

-----------------------------------------------------
       Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
       Runtime: 1 minute and 53 seconds
                (1.062x realtime)
         Wrote: 110743 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
       Bitrate: 6.70782kbit/s (without overhead)
 Instant rates: 2.8kbit/s to 11.6kbit/s
                (7 to 29 bytes per packet)
      Overhead: 9.13% (container+metadata)


And is also much slower at complexity 0:

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
Notice: Using resampling with complexity<10.
Opusenc is fastest with 48, 24, 16, 12, or 8kHz input.

Encoding using libopus 1.1 (audio)
-----------------------------------------------------
   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
 Preskip: 316

Encoding complete

-----------------------------------------------------
       Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
       Runtime: 36 seconds
                (3.334x realtime)
         Wrote: 106945 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
       Bitrate: 6.45466kbit/s (without overhead)
 Instant rates: 2.4kbit/s to 12.8kbit/s
                (6 to 32 bytes per packet)
      Overhead: 9.45% (container+metadata)


I tried compiling it as fixed point and it is slightly faster but no where
near the older version. At complexity 10:

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
Encoding using libopus 1.1-fixed (audio)
-----------------------------------------------------
   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
 Preskip: 356

Encoding complete

-----------------------------------------------------
       Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
       Runtime: 1 minute and 42 seconds
                (1.177x realtime)
         Wrote: 110686 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
       Bitrate: 6.70402kbit/s (without overhead)
 Instant rates: 2.4kbit/s to 11.2kbit/s
                (6 to 28 bytes per packet)
      Overhead: 9.13% (container+metadata)



I have tried different compiler options but nothing has brought the speed
back up.

Any advice on the compiler flags or why I should be seeing such a big speed
regression?

Stuart Marsden
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Christian Hoene

2013-Dec-17 09:04 UTC

head link

[opus] 1.1 Much slower on Raspberry Pi

Hi Stuart,

 

you are compressing it at 6kbit/s. Then, then SILK mode is probability used
and the Silk mode is much faster than CELT. Do you also some figures at
64kbit/s?

 

It is strange that Opus 1.1 got slower in the Silk mode - may the
speech/voice selection adds some overhead. I would be interested in seeing
the performance of the 64 kbit/s in both Opus 1.0 and Opus 1.1.

 

With best regards,

 

Christian Hoene

 

PS:
I also though on using Raspberry PI as a reference platform for testing the
speech of Opus on a            ARM processor. For measuring the speech of
Opus on Intel CPUs, the MARSS86.org simulator might be appropriate.

 

 

 

 

 

Von: opus-bounces at xiph.org [mailto:opus-bounces at xiph.org] Im Auftrag von
Stuart Marsden
Gesendet: Montag, 16. Dezember 2013 14:03
An: opus at xiph.org
Betreff: [opus] 1.1 Much slower on Raspberry Pi

 

I have just started trying Opus with a view to using it in a project. I am
interested in embedded hardware and tried it on the Raspberry Pi using the
raspbian distro.

 

The version of libopus in the repos is 0.9.14. I installed this and tried
encoding 2 minutes of speech from a librevox recording. It managed this at a
respectable pace for complexity 10:

 

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76

Encoding using libopus 0.9.14 (audio)

-----------------------------------------------------

   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel

  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)

          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR

 Preskip: 356

 

Encoding complete                            

-----------------------------------------------------

    Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds

    Runtime: 50.9 seconds

             (2.358x realtime)

      Wrote: 111194 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages

    Bitrate: 6.78414kbit/s (without overhead)

 Rate range: 2.8kbit/s to 12kbit/s

             (7 to 30 bytes per packet)

   Overhead: 8.47% (container+metadata)

 

And even faster on complexity 0:

 

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76

Encoding using libopus 0.9.14 (audio)

-----------------------------------------------------

   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel

  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)

          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR

 Preskip: 316

 

Encoding complete                            

-----------------------------------------------------

    Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds

    Runtime: 23.72 seconds

             (5.059x realtime)

      Wrote: 106598 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages

    Bitrate: 6.47779kbit/s (without overhead)

 Rate range: 2.4kbit/s to 13.6kbit/s

             (6 to 34 bytes per packet)

   Overhead: 8.83% (container+metadata)

 

I saw the 1.1 release notes and it said speed improvements on ARM so thought
I would try. I downloaded from opus-codec.org and compiled directly on the
Pi. It has however turned out a lot slower. Complexity 10 barely can encode
in realtime:

 

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76

Encoding using libopus 1.1 (audio)

-----------------------------------------------------

   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel

  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)

          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR

 Preskip: 356

 

Encoding complete


-----------------------------------------------------

       Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds

       Runtime: 1 minute and 53 seconds

                (1.062x realtime)

         Wrote: 110743 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages

       Bitrate: 6.70782kbit/s (without overhead)

 Instant rates: 2.8kbit/s to 11.6kbit/s

                (7 to 29 bytes per packet)

      Overhead: 9.13% (container+metadata)

 

And is also much slower at complexity 0:

 

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76

Notice: Using resampling with complexity<10.

Opusenc is fastest with 48, 24, 16, 12, or 8kHz input.

 

Encoding using libopus 1.1 (audio)

-----------------------------------------------------

   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel

  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)

          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR

 Preskip: 316

 

Encoding complete


-----------------------------------------------------

       Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds

       Runtime: 36 seconds

                (3.334x realtime)

         Wrote: 106945 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages

       Bitrate: 6.45466kbit/s (without overhead)

 Instant rates: 2.4kbit/s to 12.8kbit/s

                (6 to 32 bytes per packet)

      Overhead: 9.45% (container+metadata)

 

I tried compiling it as fixed point and it is slightly faster but no where
near the older version. At complexity 10:

 

Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76

Encoding using libopus 1.1-fixed (audio)

-----------------------------------------------------

   Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel

  Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)

          20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR

 Preskip: 356

 

Encoding complete


-----------------------------------------------------

       Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds

       Runtime: 1 minute and 42 seconds

                (1.177x realtime)

         Wrote: 110686 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages

       Bitrate: 6.70402kbit/s (without overhead)

 Instant rates: 2.4kbit/s to 11.2kbit/s

                (6 to 28 bytes per packet)

      Overhead: 9.13% (container+metadata)

 

 

I have tried different compiler options but nothing has brought the speed
back up. 

 

Any advice on the compiler flags or why I should be seeing such a big speed
regression?

 

Stuart Marsden

 

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Stuart Marsden

2013-Dec-17 10:48 UTC

head link

[opus] 1.1 Much slower on Raspberry Pi

Christian,

I will give 64kbit/s a try and post the figures. My own project is voice
only and requires low bitrate so was hoping that it was just the way I was
compiling and not an actual regression in speed for SILK. The raspberry PI
is quite a cheap and handy reference platform though the ARM side is fairly
underpowered but has a great GPU. It also has no audio in which is a pain
for playing with codecs but it does support USB soundcards. I was wondering
if a microcontroller like the Cortex-M range might be able to encode and
that seemed possible extrapolating from the Pi results but this speed
regression if it is real would kill that hope.

I should also probably try and compile the same version from the Raspbian
repos myself and if I also see a big slowdown then it is something wrong
with the way I am compiling. I am not a deb expert but it seemed like the
only optimisation they were using was -O2 but perhaps there is something
else set. Do not want to claim a regression when it may be my own fault.

Thanks for your response.


Best Regards,

Stuart Marsden


On 17 December 2013 11:04, Christian Hoene <christian.hoene at
symonics.com>wrote:
> Hi Stuart,
>
>
>
> you are compressing it at 6kbit/s. Then, then SILK mode is probability
> used and the Silk mode is much faster than CELT. Do you also some figures
> at 64kbit/s?
>
>
>
> It is strange that Opus 1.1 got slower in the Silk mode ? may the
> speech/voice selection adds some overhead. I would be interested in seeing
> the performance of the 64 kbit/s in both Opus 1.0 and Opus 1.1.
>
>
>
> With best regards,
>
>
>
> Christian Hoene
>
>
>
> PS:
> I also though on using Raspberry PI as a reference platform for testing
> the speech of Opus on a            ARM processor. For measuring the speech
> of Opus on Intel CPUs, the MARSS86.org simulator might be appropriate.
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> *Von:* opus-bounces at xiph.org [mailto:opus-bounces at xiph.org] *Im
Auftrag
> von *Stuart Marsden
> *Gesendet:* Montag, 16. Dezember 2013 14:03
> *An:* opus at xiph.org
> *Betreff:* [opus] 1.1 Much slower on Raspberry Pi
>
>
>
> I have just started trying Opus with a view to using it in a project. I am
> interested in embedded hardware and tried it on the Raspberry Pi using the
> raspbian distro.
>
>
>
> The version of libopus in the repos is 0.9.14. I installed this and tried
> encoding 2 minutes of speech from a librevox recording. It managed this at
> a respectable pace for complexity 10:
>
>
>
> Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
>
> Encoding using libopus 0.9.14 (audio)
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>    Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
>
>   Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
>
>           20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
>
>  Preskip: 356
>
>
>
> Encoding complete
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>     Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
>
>     Runtime: 50.9 seconds
>
>              (2.358x realtime)
>
>       Wrote: 111194 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
>
>     Bitrate: 6.78414kbit/s (without overhead)
>
>  Rate range: 2.8kbit/s to 12kbit/s
>
>              (7 to 30 bytes per packet)
>
>    Overhead: 8.47% (container+metadata)
>
>
>
> And even faster on complexity 0:
>
>
>
> Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
>
> Encoding using libopus 0.9.14 (audio)
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>    Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
>
>   Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
>
>           20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
>
>  Preskip: 316
>
>
>
> Encoding complete
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>     Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
>
>     Runtime: 23.72 seconds
>
>              (5.059x realtime)
>
>       Wrote: 106598 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
>
>     Bitrate: 6.47779kbit/s (without overhead)
>
>  Rate range: 2.4kbit/s to 13.6kbit/s
>
>              (6 to 34 bytes per packet)
>
>    Overhead: 8.83% (container+metadata)
>
>
>
> I saw the 1.1 release notes and it said speed improvements on ARM so
> thought I would try. I downloaded from opus-codec.org and compiled
> directly on the Pi. It has however turned out a lot slower. Complexity 10
> barely can encode in realtime:
>
>
>
> Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
>
> Encoding using libopus 1.1 (audio)
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>    Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
>
>   Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
>
>           20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
>
>  Preskip: 356
>
>
>
> Encoding complete
>
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>        Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
>
>        Runtime: 1 minute and 53 seconds
>
>                 (1.062x realtime)
>
>          Wrote: 110743 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
>
>        Bitrate: 6.70782kbit/s (without overhead)
>
>  Instant rates: 2.8kbit/s to 11.6kbit/s
>
>                 (7 to 29 bytes per packet)
>
>       Overhead: 9.13% (container+metadata)
>
>
>
> And is also much slower at complexity 0:
>
>
>
> Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
>
> Notice: Using resampling with complexity<10.
>
> Opusenc is fastest with 48, 24, 16, 12, or 8kHz input.
>
>
>
> Encoding using libopus 1.1 (audio)
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>    Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
>
>   Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
>
>           20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
>
>  Preskip: 316
>
>
>
> Encoding complete
>
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>        Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
>
>        Runtime: 36 seconds
>
>                 (3.334x realtime)
>
>          Wrote: 106945 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
>
>        Bitrate: 6.45466kbit/s (without overhead)
>
>  Instant rates: 2.4kbit/s to 12.8kbit/s
>
>                 (6 to 32 bytes per packet)
>
>       Overhead: 9.45% (container+metadata)
>
>
>
> I tried compiling it as fixed point and it is slightly faster but no where
> near the older version. At complexity 10:
>
>
>
> Skipping chunk of type "LIST", length 76
>
> Encoding using libopus 1.1-fixed (audio)
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>    Input: 44.1kHz 1 channel
>
>   Output: 1 channel (1 uncoupled)
>
>           20ms packets, 6kbit/sec VBR
>
>  Preskip: 356
>
>
>
> Encoding complete
>
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
>        Encoded: 2 minutes and 0.02 seconds
>
>        Runtime: 1 minute and 42 seconds
>
>                 (1.177x realtime)
>
>          Wrote: 110686 bytes, 6001 packets, 123 pages
>
>        Bitrate: 6.70402kbit/s (without overhead)
>
>  Instant rates: 2.4kbit/s to 11.2kbit/s
>
>                 (6 to 28 bytes per packet)
>
>       Overhead: 9.13% (container+metadata)
>
>
>
>
>
> I have tried different compiler options but nothing has brought the speed
> back up.
>
>
>
> Any advice on the compiler flags or why I should be seeing such a big
> speed regression?
>
>
>
> Stuart Marsden
>
>
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Gregory Maxwell

2013-Dec-17 21:50 UTC

head link

[opus] 1.1 Much slower on Raspberry Pi

On Mon, Dec 16, 2013 at 5:03 AM, Stuart Marsden
<stuartmarsden at finmars.co.uk> wrote:> I have just started trying Opus with a view to using it in a project. I am
> interested in embedded hardware and tried it on the Raspberry Pi using the
> raspbian distro.
>
> The version of libopus in the repos is 0.9.14. I installed this and tried
> encoding 2 minutes of speech from a librevox recording. It managed this at
a
> respectable pace for complexity 10:
Complexity 10 is new analysis code that didn't exist in prior
versions, setting complexity 5 gets you basically the same analysis
that the 1.0 version had.

On x86 and modern arm cores with fast FPUs the other speedups are
enough that complexity 10 is about the same speed in the old software
or the new software (but with much higher and consistent VBR quality).
 But on chips with slow FPUs the new analysis code is much slower, in
particular because it has not been entirely converted to fixed point
(e.g. in the fixed point builds) which is what I believe you're seeing
here.

Stuart Marsden

2013-Dec-17 22:14 UTC

head link

[opus] 1.1 Much slower on Raspberry Pi

Gregory,

That is good to know and if therefore the true apples to apples comparison
is 0.9.14 at comp 10 and 1.1 at comp 5 then things are fine. My ears are
not good enough to hear the difference so for speed I would target comp 5
or lower.

I just did a quick test and 0.9.14 at comp 10 was 3.872
1.1 at comp 5 was 5.218

So if the output is comparable then we do in fact see a speed improvement.

Thanks for pointing this out. Is it documented? I admit I have only read
some of the documentation.


Best Regards,

Stuart Marsden



On 17 December 2013 23:50, Gregory Maxwell <gmaxwell at gmail.com> wrote:
> On Mon, Dec 16, 2013 at 5:03 AM, Stuart Marsden
> <stuartmarsden at finmars.co.uk> wrote:
> > I have just started trying Opus with a view to using it in a project.
I
> am
> > interested in embedded hardware and tried it on the Raspberry Pi using
> the
> > raspbian distro.
> >
> > The version of libopus in the repos is 0.9.14. I installed this and
tried
> > encoding 2 minutes of speech from a librevox recording. It managed
this
> at a
> > respectable pace for complexity 10:
>
> Complexity 10 is new analysis code that didn't exist in prior
> versions, setting complexity 5 gets you basically the same analysis
> that the 1.0 version had.
>
> On x86 and modern arm cores with fast FPUs the other speedups are
> enough that complexity 10 is about the same speed in the old software
> or the new software (but with much higher and consistent VBR quality).
>  But on chips with slow FPUs the new analysis code is much slower, in
> particular because it has not been entirely converted to fixed point
> (e.g. in the fixed point builds) which is what I believe you're seeing
> here.
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