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Faradj Koliev

2019-Oct-03 13:54 UTC

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

Dear Eric, 

Thank you very much for this - it worked perfectly! 

A small thing: I wonder whether it?s possible to include those cases where the x
is =0 for the whole study period. I have countries with x=0 for the whole period
and the treatment variable is=NA for these observations.

Best, 
Faradj 

> 3 okt. 2019 kl. 15:18 skrev Eric Berger <ericjberger at gmail.com>:
> 
> Hi Faradj,
> Suppose your data frame is labeled 'a'. Then the following seems to
do what you want.
> 
> v <- rep(NA_integer_,max(a$country_code))
> v[ a$country_code[a$x==1] ] <- a$year[a$x==1]
> a$treatment <- sapply( 1:nrow(a), function(i) { a$year[i] -
v[a$country_code[i]]})
> 
> HTH,
> Eric
> 
> 
> On Thu, Oct 3, 2019 at 3:36 PM Faradj Koliev <faradj.g at gmail.com>
wrote:
> Dear Michael Dewey, 
> 
> Thanks for reaching out about this. I trying again, now with plain text,
and hope it works.
> 
> Best, 
> Faradj 
> 
> 
> 
> Dear R-users, 
> 
> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year data
covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a certain
policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country introduces
that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> 
> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be a
negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years after
X=1.
> 
> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in year 2000.
The treatment variable would look be like this:
> 
> country
> 
> year
> 
> x
> 
> treatment
> 
> USA
> 
> 1982
> 
> 0
> 
> -18
> 
> USA
> 
> 1983
> 
> 0
> 
> -17
> 
> USA
> 
> 1984
> 
> 0
> 
> -16
> 
> USA
> 
> 1985
> 
> 0
> 
> -15
> 
> USA
> 
> 1986
> 
> 0
> 
> -14
> 
> USA
> 
> 1987
> 
> 0
> 
> -13
> 
> USA
> 
> 1988
> 
> 0
> 
> -12
> 
> USA
> 
> 1989
> 
> 0
> 
> -11
> 
> USA
> 
> 1990
> 
> 0
> 
> -10
> 
> USA
> 
> 1991
> 
> 0
> 
> -9
> 
> USA
> 
> 1992
> 
> 0
> 
> -8
> 
> USA
> 
> 1993
> 
> 0
> 
> -7
> 
> USA
> 
> 1994
> 
> 0
> 
> -6
> 
> USA
> 
> 1995
> 
> 0
> 
> -5
> 
> USA
> 
> 1996
> 
> 0
> 
> -4
> 
> USA
> 
> 1997
> 
> 0
> 
> -3
> 
> USA
> 
> 1998
> 
> 0
> 
> -2
> 
> USA
> 
> 1999
> 
> 0
> 
> -1
> 
> USA
> 
> 2000
> 
> 1
> 
> 0
> 
> USA
> 
> 2001
> 
> 0
> 
> 1
> 
> USA
> 
> 2002
> 
> 0
> 
> 2
> 
> USA
> 
> 2003
> 
> 0
> 
> 3
> 
> USA
> 
> 2004
> 
> 0
> 
> 4
> 
> USA
> 
> 2005
> 
> 0
> 
> 5
> 
> USA
> 
> 2006
> 
> 0
> 
> 6
> 
> USA
> 
> 2007
> 
> 0
> 
> 7
> 
> USA
> 
> 2008
> 
> 0
> 
> 8
> 
> USA
> 
> 2009
> 
> 0
> 
> 9
> 
> USA
> 
> 2010
> 
> 0
> 
> 10
> 
> USA
> 
> 2011
> 
> 0
> 
> 11
> 
> USA
> 
> 2012
> 
> 0
> 
> 12
> 
> USA
> 
> 2013
> 
> 0
> 
> 13
> 
> 
> 
> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions are
appreciated!
> 
> 
> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive counts
using this code:
> require(data.table)
> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> 
> My sample below: 
> dput(data)
> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L, 
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L, 
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 
> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 
> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L, 
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 
> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 
> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 
> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 
> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L, 
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 
> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 
> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 
> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 
> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 
> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 
> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 
> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 
> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 
> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 
> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 
> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 
> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 
> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 
> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 
> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 
> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 
> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 
> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 
> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 
> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 
> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 
> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 
> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 
> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 
> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 
> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 
> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 
> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 
> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 
> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 
> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924, 5.079999924, 
> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 
> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 
> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 
> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 
> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 
> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 
> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 
> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 
> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 
> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134, 
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 
> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 
> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11, 
> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 
> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 
> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 
> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 
> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 
> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 
> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 
> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 
> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 
> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 
> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954, 
> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 
> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 
> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 
> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 
> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 
> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076, 
> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 
> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 
> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 
> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 
> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 
> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008, 
> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 
> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 
> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 
> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 
> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 
> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 
> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 
> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 
> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 
> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 
> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 
> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 
> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 
> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979, 
> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 
> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 
> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 
> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 
> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 2.329999924, 
> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 
> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 
> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12, 
> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year", "y",
"x"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
> -722L))
> 
> 
> 
> 
> > 3 okt. 2019 kl. 14:24 skrev Michael Dewey <lists at
dewey.myzen.co.uk>:
> > 
> > Dear Faradj
> > 
> > I am afraid your post is unreadable since this is a plain text list
and you sent in HTML.
> > 
> > Michael
> > 
> > On 03/10/2019 12:17, Faradj Koliev wrote:
> >> Dear R-users,
> >> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year
data covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a
certain policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country
introduces that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> >> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be
a negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years after
X=1.
> >> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in
year 2000. The treatment variable would look be like this:
> >>  country
> >> year
> >> x
> >> treatment
> >> USA
> >> 1982
> >> 0
> >> -18
> >> USA
> >> 1983
> >> 0
> >> -17
> >> USA
> >> 1984
> >> 0
> >> -16
> >> USA
> >> 1985
> >> 0
> >> -15
> >> USA
> >> 1986
> >> 0
> >> -14
> >> USA
> >> 1987
> >> 0
> >> -13
> >> USA
> >> 1988
> >> 0
> >> -12
> >> USA
> >> 1989
> >> 0
> >> -11
> >> USA
> >> 1990
> >> 0
> >> -10
> >> USA
> >> 1991
> >> 0
> >> -9
> >> USA
> >> 1992
> >> 0
> >> -8
> >> USA
> >> 1993
> >> 0
> >> -7
> >> USA
> >> 1994
> >> 0
> >> -6
> >> USA
> >> 1995
> >> 0
> >> -5
> >> USA
> >> 1996
> >> 0
> >> -4
> >> USA
> >> 1997
> >> 0
> >> -3
> >> USA
> >> 1998
> >> 0
> >> -2
> >> USA
> >> 1999
> >> 0
> >> -1
> >> USA
> >> 2000
> >> 1
> >> 0
> >> USA
> >> 2001
> >> 0
> >> 1
> >> USA
> >> 2002
> >> 0
> >> 2
> >> USA
> >> 2003
> >> 0
> >> 3
> >> USA
> >> 2004
> >> 0
> >> 4
> >> USA
> >> 2005
> >> 0
> >> 5
> >> USA
> >> 2006
> >> 0
> >> 6
> >> USA
> >> 2007
> >> 0
> >> 7
> >> USA
> >> 2008
> >> 0
> >> 8
> >> USA
> >> 2009
> >> 0
> >> 9
> >> USA
> >> 2010
> >> 0
> >> 10
> >> USA
> >> 2011
> >> 0
> >> 11
> >> USA
> >> 2012
> >> 0
> >> 12
> >> USA
> >> 2013
> >> 0
> >> 13
> >> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions
are appreciated!
> >> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive
counts using this code:
> >> require(data.table)
> >> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> >> My sample below:
> >> dput(data)
> >> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> >> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
> >> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> >> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924,
5.079999924,
> >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847,
> >> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924,
> >> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> >> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924,
> >> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> >> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> >> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771,
6.489999771,
> >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
> >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11,
> >> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458,
> >> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847,
> >> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> >> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> >> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954,
> >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771,
> >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076,
> >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886,
> >> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008,
> >> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008,
> >> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> >> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> >> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031,
> >> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038,
> >> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031,
> >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> >> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> >> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> >> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979,
> >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
7.46999979,
> >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
> >> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12,
> >> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year",
"y", "x"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
> >> -722L))
> >>      [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> >> ______________________________________________
> >> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more,
see
> >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> >> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> >> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
> >> ---
> >> This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
> >> https://www.avg.com
> >> .
> > 
> > -- 
> > Michael
> > http://www.dewey.myzen.co.uk/home.html
> 
> 
>         [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> 
> ______________________________________________
> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>

Eric Berger

2019-Oct-03 14:11 UTC

head link

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

Hi Faradj,
What should the treatment variable be in those cases? If you want to set it
to a constant y (such as y=0), you can add something like

y <- 0
a$treatment[ is.na(a$treatment) ] <- y

HTH,
Eric


On Thu, Oct 3, 2019 at 4:54 PM Faradj Koliev <faradj.g at gmail.com>
wrote:
> Dear Eric,
>
> Thank you very much for this - it worked perfectly!
>
> A small thing: I wonder whether it?s possible to include those cases where
> the x is =0 for the whole study period. I have countries with x=0 for the
> whole period and the treatment variable is=NA for these observations.
>
> Best,
> Faradj
>
>
> > 3 okt. 2019 kl. 15:18 skrev Eric Berger <ericjberger at
gmail.com>:
> >
> > Hi Faradj,
> > Suppose your data frame is labeled 'a'. Then the following
seems to do
> what you want.
> >
> > v <- rep(NA_integer_,max(a$country_code))
> > v[ a$country_code[a$x==1] ] <- a$year[a$x==1]
> > a$treatment <- sapply( 1:nrow(a), function(i) { a$year[i] -
> v[a$country_code[i]]})
> >
> > HTH,
> > Eric
> >
> >
> > On Thu, Oct 3, 2019 at 3:36 PM Faradj Koliev <faradj.g at
gmail.com> wrote:
> > Dear Michael Dewey,
> >
> > Thanks for reaching out about this. I trying again, now with plain
text,
> and hope it works.
> >
> > Best,
> > Faradj
> >
> >
> >
> > Dear R-users,
> >
> > I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year data
> covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a
> certain policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country
> introduces that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> >
> > What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be a
> negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years
> after X=1.
> >
> > For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in year
> 2000. The treatment variable would look be like this:
> >
> > country
> >
> > year
> >
> > x
> >
> > treatment
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1982
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -18
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1983
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -17
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1984
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -16
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1985
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -15
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1986
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -14
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1987
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -13
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1988
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -12
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1989
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -11
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1990
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -10
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1991
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -9
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1992
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -8
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1993
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -7
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1994
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -6
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1995
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -5
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1996
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -4
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1997
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -3
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1998
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -2
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 1999
> >
> > 0
> >
> > -1
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2000
> >
> > 1
> >
> > 0
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2001
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 1
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2002
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 2
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2003
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 3
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2004
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 4
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2005
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 5
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2006
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 6
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2007
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 7
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2008
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 8
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2009
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 9
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2010
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 10
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2011
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 11
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2012
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 12
> >
> > USA
> >
> > 2013
> >
> > 0
> >
> > 13
> >
> >
> >
> > Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions are
> appreciated!
> >
> >
> > I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive
> counts using this code:
> > require(data.table)
> > setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> >
> > My sample below:
> > dput(data)
> > structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> > 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> > 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> > 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> > 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> > 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> > 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> > 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> > 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> > 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> > 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> > 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> > 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> > 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> > 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> > 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> > 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> > 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> > 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> > 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> > 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L,
> > 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> > 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> > 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L,
> > 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> > 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> > 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> > 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> > 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L,
> > 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> > 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> > 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> > 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> > 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> > 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> > 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> > 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> > 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> > 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> > 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> > 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> > 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L,
> > 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> > 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> > 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> > 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> > 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> > 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> > 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> > 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> > 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> > 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> > 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> > 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> > 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> > 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> > 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> > 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> > 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> > 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> > 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> > 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> > 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> > 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> > 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> > 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> > 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> > 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> > 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> > 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> > 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> > 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> > 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> > 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> > 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> > 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> > 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> > 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> > 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> > 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> > 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> > 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> > 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> > 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> > 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
> > 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> > 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> > 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> > 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> > 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> > 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> > 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> > 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> > 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> > 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> > 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> > 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> > 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> > 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> > 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> > 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> > 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> > 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> > 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> > 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> > 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> > 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> > 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> > 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> > 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> > 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> > 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> > 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> > 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> > 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> > 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> > 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> > 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> > 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> > 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> > 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> > 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> > 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> > 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> > 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> > 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> > 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> > 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> > 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> > 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> > 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> > 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> > 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> > 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> > 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> > 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> > 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L,
> > 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> > 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> > 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> > 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> > 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> > 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> > 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> > 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> > 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> > 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924, 5.079999924,
> > 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> > 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847,
> > 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924,
> > 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> > 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> > 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> > 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> > 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924,
> > 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> > 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> > 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
> > 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
> > 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134,
> > 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> > 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> > 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> > 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> > 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> > 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> > 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> > 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> > 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> > 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11,
> > 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
> > 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> > 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> > 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458,
> > 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> > 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> > 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> > 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> > 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> > 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847,
> > 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> > 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> > 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> > 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> > 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> > 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> > 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> > 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> > 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> > 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> > 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954,
> > 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> > 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> > 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771,
> > 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> > 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> > 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076,
> > 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> > 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> > 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> > 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> > 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> > 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> > 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> > 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> > 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992,
> > 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> > 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> > 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> > 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> > 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886,
> > 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966,
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008,
> > 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008,
> > 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> > 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> > 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031,
> > 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038,
> > 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> > 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031,
> > 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> > 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> > 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> > 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> > 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> > 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> > 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> > 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076,
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> > 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> > 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> > 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> > 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979,
> > 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
7.46999979,
> > 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> > 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> > 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
> > 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 2.329999924,
> > 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> > 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> > 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12,
> > 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> > 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year",
"y", "x"), class > "data.frame", row.names =
c(NA,
> > -722L))
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > > 3 okt. 2019 kl. 14:24 skrev Michael Dewey <lists at
dewey.myzen.co.uk>:
> > >
> > > Dear Faradj
> > >
> > > I am afraid your post is unreadable since this is a plain text
list
> and you sent in HTML.
> > >
> > > Michael
> > >
> > > On 03/10/2019 12:17, Faradj Koliev wrote:
> > >> Dear R-users,
> > >> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a
country-year data
> covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a
> certain policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country
> introduces that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> > >> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that
would be a
> negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years
> after X=1.
> > >> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x
in year
> 2000. The treatment variable would look be like this:
> > >>  country
> > >> year
> > >> x
> > >> treatment
> > >> USA
> > >> 1982
> > >> 0
> > >> -18
> > >> USA
> > >> 1983
> > >> 0
> > >> -17
> > >> USA
> > >> 1984
> > >> 0
> > >> -16
> > >> USA
> > >> 1985
> > >> 0
> > >> -15
> > >> USA
> > >> 1986
> > >> 0
> > >> -14
> > >> USA
> > >> 1987
> > >> 0
> > >> -13
> > >> USA
> > >> 1988
> > >> 0
> > >> -12
> > >> USA
> > >> 1989
> > >> 0
> > >> -11
> > >> USA
> > >> 1990
> > >> 0
> > >> -10
> > >> USA
> > >> 1991
> > >> 0
> > >> -9
> > >> USA
> > >> 1992
> > >> 0
> > >> -8
> > >> USA
> > >> 1993
> > >> 0
> > >> -7
> > >> USA
> > >> 1994
> > >> 0
> > >> -6
> > >> USA
> > >> 1995
> > >> 0
> > >> -5
> > >> USA
> > >> 1996
> > >> 0
> > >> -4
> > >> USA
> > >> 1997
> > >> 0
> > >> -3
> > >> USA
> > >> 1998
> > >> 0
> > >> -2
> > >> USA
> > >> 1999
> > >> 0
> > >> -1
> > >> USA
> > >> 2000
> > >> 1
> > >> 0
> > >> USA
> > >> 2001
> > >> 0
> > >> 1
> > >> USA
> > >> 2002
> > >> 0
> > >> 2
> > >> USA
> > >> 2003
> > >> 0
> > >> 3
> > >> USA
> > >> 2004
> > >> 0
> > >> 4
> > >> USA
> > >> 2005
> > >> 0
> > >> 5
> > >> USA
> > >> 2006
> > >> 0
> > >> 6
> > >> USA
> > >> 2007
> > >> 0
> > >> 7
> > >> USA
> > >> 2008
> > >> 0
> > >> 8
> > >> USA
> > >> 2009
> > >> 0
> > >> 9
> > >> USA
> > >> 2010
> > >> 0
> > >> 10
> > >> USA
> > >> 2011
> > >> 0
> > >> 11
> > >> USA
> > >> 2012
> > >> 0
> > >> 12
> > >> USA
> > >> 2013
> > >> 0
> > >> 13
> > >> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All
suggestions are
> appreciated!
> > >> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate
positive
> counts using this code:
> > >> require(data.table)
> > >> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> > >> My sample below:
> > >> dput(data)
> > >> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> > >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
900L,
> > >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
900L,
> > >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
305L,
> > >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
305L,
> > >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
305L,
> > >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
140L,
> > >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
140L,
> > >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
140L,
> > >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
471L,
> > >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
471L,
> > >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
471L,
> > >> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
352L,
> > >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
352L,
> > >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
352L,
> > >> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
490L,
> > >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
490L,
> > >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
490L,
> > >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
375L,
> > >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
375L,
> > >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
220L,
> > >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
220L,
> > >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
220L,
> > >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L,
481L,
> > >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
481L,
> > >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
481L,
> > >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L,
367L,
> > >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
367L,
> > >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L,
570L,
> > >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
570L,
> > >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
570L,
> > >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L,
212L,
> > >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
212L,
> > >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
212L,
> > >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
359L,
> > >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
359L,
> > >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L,
600L,
> > >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
600L,
> > >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
600L,
> > >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
565L,
> > >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
565L,
> > >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L,
235L,
> > >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
235L,
> > >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
235L,
> > >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L,
317L,
> > >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
317L,
> > >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
230L,
> > >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
230L,
> > >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
230L,
> > >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
380L,
> > >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
380L,
> > >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
380L,
> > >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
640L,
> > >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
640L,
> > >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
640L,
> > >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
500L,
> > >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
500L,
> > >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
500L,
> > >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
369L,
> > >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
369L,
> > >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
101L,
> > >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
101L,
> > >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
101L,
> > >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
551L,
> > >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
551L,
> > >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
551L,
> > >> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
1987L,
> > >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
1996L,
> > >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
2005L,
> > >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
1982L,
> > >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
1991L,
> > >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
2000L,
> > >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
2009L,
> > >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
1986L,
> > >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
1995L,
> > >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
2004L,
> > >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
2013L,
> > >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
1990L,
> > >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
1999L,
> > >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
2008L,
> > >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
1985L,
> > >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
1994L,
> > >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
2003L,
> > >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
2012L,
> > >> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
1989L,
> > >> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
1998L,
> > >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
2007L,
> > >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
1984L,
> > >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
1993L,
> > >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
2002L,
> > >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
2011L,
> > >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
1988L,
> > >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
1997L,
> > >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
2006L,
> > >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
1983L,
> > >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
1992L,
> > >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
2001L,
> > >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
2010L,
> > >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
1996L,
> > >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
2005L,
> > >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
1982L,
> > >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
1991L,
> > >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
2000L,
> > >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
2009L,
> > >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
1986L,
> > >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
1995L,
> > >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
2004L,
> > >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
2013L,
> > >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
1999L,
> > >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
2008L,
> > >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
1985L,
> > >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
1994L,
> > >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
2003L,
> > >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
2012L,
> > >> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
1997L,
> > >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
2006L,
> > >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
1983L,
> > >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
1992L,
> > >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
2001L,
> > >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
2010L,
> > >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
1998L,
> > >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
2007L,
> > >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
1984L,
> > >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
1993L,
> > >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
2002L,
> > >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
2011L,
> > >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
1988L,
> > >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
1997L,
> > >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
2006L,
> > >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
1983L,
> > >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
1992L,
> > >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
2001L,
> > >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
2010L,
> > >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
1987L,
> > >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
1996L,
> > >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
2005L,
> > >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
1991L,
> > >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
2000L,
> > >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
2009L,
> > >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
1986L,
> > >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
1995L,
> > >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
2004L,
> > >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
2013L,
> > >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
1990L,
> > >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
1999L,
> > >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
2008L,
> > >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924,
5.079999924,
> > >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
5.829999924,
> > >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
5.829999924,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847,
8.159999847,
> > >> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924,
8.079999924,
> > >> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
7.989999771,
> > >> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
7.989999771,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
9.170000076,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
9.170000076,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
9.170000076,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
9.170000076,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
9.670000076,
> > >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
9.670000076,
> > >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924,
7.329999924,
> > >> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
4,
> > >> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> > >> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771,
6.489999771,
> > >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
6.489999771,
> > >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771,
7.610000134,
> > >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
7.610000134,
> > >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
7.610000134,
> > >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
7.610000134,
> > >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
7.610000134,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
7.869999886,
> > >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
7.869999886,
> > >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
7.869999886,
> > >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
7.869999886,
> > >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
13.42000008,
> > >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
13.42000008,
> > >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11,
> > >> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
11,
> > >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
8.670000076,
> > >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
8.670000076,
> > >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458,
9.770000458,
> > >> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> > >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> 9.43999958,
> > >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> 9.43999958,
> > >> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
9.539999962,
> > >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
9.539999962,
> > >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847,
7.159999847,
> > >> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
7.489999771,
> > >> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
7.489999771,
> > >> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
8.699999809,
> > >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
8.699999809,
> > >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
8.699999809,
> > >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
8.699999809,
> > >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924,
6.829999924,
> > >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
6.829999924,
> > >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042,
11.06000042,
> > >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
11.06000042,
> > >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
11.72999954,
> > >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
11.72999954,
> > >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
11.72999954,
> > >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771,
4.989999771,
> > >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
14.02000046,
> > >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
14.02000046,
> > >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
6.920000076,
> > >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
6.920000076,
> > >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
6.920000076,
> > >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
8.010000229,
> > >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
8.010000229,
> > >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
8.010000229,
> > >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
8.010000229,
> > >> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
11.19999981,
> > >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
11.19999981,
> > >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886,
8.619999886,
> > >> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966,
14.60999966,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008,
12.42000008,
> > >> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008,
11.92000008,
> > >> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023,
14.26000023,
> > >> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
14.26000023,
> > >> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031,
13.93000031,
> > >> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038,
14.60000038,
> > >> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031,
12.43000031,
> > >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
13.15999985,
> > >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
13.15999985,
> > >> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992,
> 12.82999992,
> > >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
> 8.31000042,
> > >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
> 8.31000042,
> > >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
> 8.31000042,
> > >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> > >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
12.11999989,
> > >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924,
7.829999924,
> > >> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
7.829999924,
> > >> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
13.98999977,
> > >> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
13.98999977,
> > >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
6.96999979,
> > >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
> 7.46999979,
> > >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
11.59000015,
> > >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
11.59000015,
> > >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
15.25,
> > >> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
2.329999924,
> > >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
2.329999924,
> > >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
2.329999924,
> > >> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12,
12,
> > >> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x =
c(0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year",
"y", "x"), class > "data.frame", row.names =
c(NA,
> > >> -722L))
> > >>      [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> > >> ______________________________________________
> > >> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and
more, see
> > >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> > >> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> > >> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible
code.
> > >> ---
> > >> This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
> > >> https://www.avg.com
> > >> .
> > >
> > > --
> > > Michael
> > > http://www.dewey.myzen.co.uk/home.html
> >
> >
> >         [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> >
> > ______________________________________________
> > R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> > PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
> >
>
>
	[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

Faradj Koliev

2019-Oct-03 14:19 UTC

head link

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

Hi, 

I was thinking that it could simply show the negative counts. For ex: if a
country hasn?t introduced the policy X, and it's in the dataset from 1982 to
2014, then the treatment variable would take a value -33 in 1982 and -1 in 2014.

Best, 
Faradj 

> 3 okt. 2019 kl. 16:11 skrev Eric Berger <ericjberger at gmail.com>:
> 
> Hi Faradj,
> What should the treatment variable be in those cases? If you want to set it
to a constant y (such as y=0), you can add something like
> 
> y <- 0
> a$treatment[ is.na(a$treatment) ] <- y
> 
> HTH,
> Eric
> 
> 
> On Thu, Oct 3, 2019 at 4:54 PM Faradj Koliev <faradj.g at gmail.com>
wrote:
> Dear Eric, 
> 
> Thank you very much for this - it worked perfectly! 
> 
> A small thing: I wonder whether it?s possible to include those cases where
the x is =0 for the whole study period. I have countries with x=0 for the whole
period and the treatment variable is=NA for these observations.
> 
> Best, 
> Faradj 
> 
> 
> > 3 okt. 2019 kl. 15:18 skrev Eric Berger <ericjberger at
gmail.com>:
> > 
> > Hi Faradj,
> > Suppose your data frame is labeled 'a'. Then the following
seems to do what you want.
> > 
> > v <- rep(NA_integer_,max(a$country_code))
> > v[ a$country_code[a$x==1] ] <- a$year[a$x==1]
> > a$treatment <- sapply( 1:nrow(a), function(i) { a$year[i] -
v[a$country_code[i]]})
> > 
> > HTH,
> > Eric
> > 
> > 
> > On Thu, Oct 3, 2019 at 3:36 PM Faradj Koliev <faradj.g at
gmail.com> wrote:
> > Dear Michael Dewey, 
> > 
> > Thanks for reaching out about this. I trying again, now with plain
text, and hope it works.
> > 
> > Best, 
> > Faradj 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Dear R-users, 
> > 
> > I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year data
covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a certain
policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country introduces
that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> > 
> > What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be a
negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years after
X=1.
> > 
> > For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in year
2000. The treatment variable would look be like this:
> > 
> > country
> > 
> > year
> > 
> > x
> > 
> > treatment
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1982
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -18
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1983
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -17
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1984
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -16
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1985
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -15
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1986
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -14
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1987
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -13
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1988
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -12
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1989
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -11
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1990
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -10
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1991
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -9
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1992
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -8
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1993
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -7
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1994
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -6
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1995
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -5
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1996
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -4
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1997
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -3
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1998
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -2
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 1999
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > -1
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2000
> > 
> > 1
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2001
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 1
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2002
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 2
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2003
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 3
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2004
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 4
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2005
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 5
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2006
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 6
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2007
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 7
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2008
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 8
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2009
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 9
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2010
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 10
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2011
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 11
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2012
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 12
> > 
> > USA
> > 
> > 2013
> > 
> > 0
> > 
> > 13
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions are
appreciated!
> > 
> > 
> > I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive
counts using this code:
> > require(data.table)
> > setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> > 
> > My sample below: 
> > dput(data)
> > structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> > 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> > 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> > 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> > 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> > 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> > 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> > 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> > 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> > 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> > 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> > 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> > 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> > 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> > 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> > 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> > 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> > 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> > 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 
> > 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 
> > 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L, 
> > 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 
> > 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 
> > 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L, 
> > 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 
> > 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 
> > 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 
> > 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 
> > 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L, 
> > 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 
> > 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 
> > 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> > 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> > 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> > 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 
> > 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 
> > 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> > 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> > 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> > 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 
> > 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 
> > 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L, 
> > 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 
> > 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 
> > 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 
> > 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 
> > 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> > 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> > 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> > 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> > 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> > 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> > 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> > 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> > 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> > 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> > 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> > 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> > 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 
> > 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 
> > 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> > 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> > 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> > 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> > 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> > 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> > 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 
> > 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> > 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> > 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 
> > 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 
> > 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> > 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> > 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> > 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> > 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> > 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> > 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 
> > 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> > 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> > 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 
> > 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 
> > 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 
> > 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 
> > 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 
> > 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 
> > 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 
> > 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 
> > 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 
> > 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 
> > 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 
> > 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 
> > 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> > 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> > 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> > 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> > 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> > 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> > 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> > 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> > 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 
> > 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 
> > 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> > 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> > 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> > 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> > 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> > 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> > 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> > 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> > 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 
> > 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 
> > 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 
> > 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 
> > 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> > 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> > 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> > 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> > 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> > 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> > 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 
> > 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 
> > 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 
> > 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 
> > 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 
> > 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 
> > 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 
> > 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> > 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> > 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> > 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> > 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> > 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> > 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 
> > 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> > 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> > 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 
> > 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> > 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> > 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> > 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> > 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> > 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> > 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 
> > 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> > 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> > 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924, 5.079999924, 
> > 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 
> > 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 
> > 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 
> > 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 
> > 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> > 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> > 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 
> > 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 
> > 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 
> > 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
> > 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
> > 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 
> > 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 
> > 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134, 
> > 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> > 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> > 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> > 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> > 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> > 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> > 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> > 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> > 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 
> > 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 
> > 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11, 
> > 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 
> > 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 
> > 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 
> > 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 
> > 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
> > 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> > 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> > 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 
> > 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 
> > 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 
> > 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 
> > 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 
> > 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> > 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> > 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> > 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> > 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 
> > 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 
> > 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 
> > 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 
> > 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954, 
> > 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 
> > 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 
> > 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 
> > 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> > 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 
> > 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 
> > 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076, 
> > 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 
> > 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 
> > 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> > 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> > 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> > 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> > 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 
> > 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 
> > 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992, 
> > 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> > 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> > 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> > 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> > 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 
> > 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966, 
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 
> > 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008, 
> > 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 
> > 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 
> > 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 
> > 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 
> > 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> > 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> > 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 
> > 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 
> > 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 
> > 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> > 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> > 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> > 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 
> > 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 
> > 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076, 
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> > 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 
> > 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 
> > 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 
> > 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 
> > 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> > 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979, 
> > 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
7.46999979,
> > 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 
> > 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 
> > 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 
> > 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 2.329999924, 
> > 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 
> > 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 
> > 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12, 
> > 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> > 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year",
"y", "x"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
> > -722L))
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > > 3 okt. 2019 kl. 14:24 skrev Michael Dewey <lists at
dewey.myzen.co.uk>:
> > > 
> > > Dear Faradj
> > > 
> > > I am afraid your post is unreadable since this is a plain text
list and you sent in HTML.
> > > 
> > > Michael
> > > 
> > > On 03/10/2019 12:17, Faradj Koliev wrote:
> > >> Dear R-users,
> > >> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a
country-year data covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the
variable X (a certain policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when
a country introduces that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> > >> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that
would be a negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the
years after X=1.
> > >> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x
in year 2000. The treatment variable would look be like this:
> > >>  country
> > >> year
> > >> x
> > >> treatment
> > >> USA
> > >> 1982
> > >> 0
> > >> -18
> > >> USA
> > >> 1983
> > >> 0
> > >> -17
> > >> USA
> > >> 1984
> > >> 0
> > >> -16
> > >> USA
> > >> 1985
> > >> 0
> > >> -15
> > >> USA
> > >> 1986
> > >> 0
> > >> -14
> > >> USA
> > >> 1987
> > >> 0
> > >> -13
> > >> USA
> > >> 1988
> > >> 0
> > >> -12
> > >> USA
> > >> 1989
> > >> 0
> > >> -11
> > >> USA
> > >> 1990
> > >> 0
> > >> -10
> > >> USA
> > >> 1991
> > >> 0
> > >> -9
> > >> USA
> > >> 1992
> > >> 0
> > >> -8
> > >> USA
> > >> 1993
> > >> 0
> > >> -7
> > >> USA
> > >> 1994
> > >> 0
> > >> -6
> > >> USA
> > >> 1995
> > >> 0
> > >> -5
> > >> USA
> > >> 1996
> > >> 0
> > >> -4
> > >> USA
> > >> 1997
> > >> 0
> > >> -3
> > >> USA
> > >> 1998
> > >> 0
> > >> -2
> > >> USA
> > >> 1999
> > >> 0
> > >> -1
> > >> USA
> > >> 2000
> > >> 1
> > >> 0
> > >> USA
> > >> 2001
> > >> 0
> > >> 1
> > >> USA
> > >> 2002
> > >> 0
> > >> 2
> > >> USA
> > >> 2003
> > >> 0
> > >> 3
> > >> USA
> > >> 2004
> > >> 0
> > >> 4
> > >> USA
> > >> 2005
> > >> 0
> > >> 5
> > >> USA
> > >> 2006
> > >> 0
> > >> 6
> > >> USA
> > >> 2007
> > >> 0
> > >> 7
> > >> USA
> > >> 2008
> > >> 0
> > >> 8
> > >> USA
> > >> 2009
> > >> 0
> > >> 9
> > >> USA
> > >> 2010
> > >> 0
> > >> 10
> > >> USA
> > >> 2011
> > >> 0
> > >> 11
> > >> USA
> > >> 2012
> > >> 0
> > >> 12
> > >> USA
> > >> 2013
> > >> 0
> > >> 13
> > >> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All
suggestions are appreciated!
> > >> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate
positive counts using this code:
> > >> require(data.table)
> > >> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> > >> My sample below:
> > >> dput(data)
> > >> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> > >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
900L,
> > >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
900L,
> > >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
305L,
> > >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
305L,
> > >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
305L,
> > >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
140L,
> > >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
140L,
> > >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
140L,
> > >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
471L,
> > >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
471L,
> > >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
471L,
> > >> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
352L,
> > >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
352L,
> > >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
352L,
> > >> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
490L,
> > >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
490L,
> > >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
490L,
> > >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
375L,
> > >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
375L,
> > >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
220L,
> > >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
220L,
> > >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
220L,
> > >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L,
481L,
> > >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
481L,
> > >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
481L,
> > >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L,
367L,
> > >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
367L,
> > >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L,
570L,
> > >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
570L,
> > >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
570L,
> > >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L,
212L,
> > >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
212L,
> > >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
212L,
> > >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
359L,
> > >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
359L,
> > >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L,
600L,
> > >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
600L,
> > >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
600L,
> > >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
565L,
> > >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
565L,
> > >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L,
235L,
> > >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
235L,
> > >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
235L,
> > >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L,
317L,
> > >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
317L,
> > >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
230L,
> > >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
230L,
> > >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
230L,
> > >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
380L,
> > >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
380L,
> > >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
380L,
> > >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
640L,
> > >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
640L,
> > >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
640L,
> > >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
500L,
> > >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
500L,
> > >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
500L,
> > >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
369L,
> > >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
369L,
> > >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
101L,
> > >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
101L,
> > >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
101L,
> > >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
551L,
> > >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
551L,
> > >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
551L,
> > >> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
1987L,
> > >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
1996L,
> > >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
2005L,
> > >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
1982L,
> > >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
1991L,
> > >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
2000L,
> > >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
2009L,
> > >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
1986L,
> > >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
1995L,
> > >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
2004L,
> > >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
2013L,
> > >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
1990L,
> > >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
1999L,
> > >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
2008L,
> > >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
1985L,
> > >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
1994L,
> > >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
2003L,
> > >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
2012L,
> > >> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
1989L,
> > >> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
1998L,
> > >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
2007L,
> > >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
1984L,
> > >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
1993L,
> > >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
2002L,
> > >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
2011L,
> > >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
1988L,
> > >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
1997L,
> > >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
2006L,
> > >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
1983L,
> > >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
1992L,
> > >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
2001L,
> > >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
2010L,
> > >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
1996L,
> > >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
2005L,
> > >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
1982L,
> > >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
1991L,
> > >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
2000L,
> > >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
2009L,
> > >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
1986L,
> > >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
1995L,
> > >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
2004L,
> > >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
2013L,
> > >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
1999L,
> > >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
2008L,
> > >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
1985L,
> > >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
1994L,
> > >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
2003L,
> > >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
2012L,
> > >> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
1997L,
> > >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
2006L,
> > >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
1983L,
> > >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
1992L,
> > >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
2001L,
> > >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
2010L,
> > >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
1998L,
> > >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
2007L,
> > >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
1984L,
> > >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
1993L,
> > >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
2002L,
> > >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
2011L,
> > >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
1988L,
> > >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
1997L,
> > >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
2006L,
> > >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
1983L,
> > >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
1992L,
> > >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
2001L,
> > >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
2010L,
> > >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
1987L,
> > >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
1996L,
> > >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
2005L,
> > >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
1991L,
> > >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
2000L,
> > >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
2009L,
> > >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
1986L,
> > >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
1995L,
> > >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
2004L,
> > >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
2013L,
> > >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
1990L,
> > >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
1999L,
> > >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
2008L,
> > >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924,
5.079999924,
> > >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
5.829999924,
> > >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
5.829999924,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847,
8.159999847,
> > >> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924,
8.079999924,
> > >> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
7.989999771,
> > >> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
7.989999771,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
9.170000076,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
9.170000076,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
9.170000076,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
9.170000076,
> > >> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
9.670000076,
> > >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
9.670000076,
> > >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924,
7.329999924,
> > >> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
4,
> > >> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> > >> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771,
6.489999771,
> > >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
6.489999771,
> > >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771,
7.610000134,
> > >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
7.610000134,
> > >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
7.610000134,
> > >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
7.610000134,
> > >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
7.610000134,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
8.329999924,
> > >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
7.869999886,
> > >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
7.869999886,
> > >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
7.869999886,
> > >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
7.869999886,
> > >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
13.42000008,
> > >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
13.42000008,
> > >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11,
> > >> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
11,
> > >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
8.670000076,
> > >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
8.670000076,
> > >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458,
9.770000458,
> > >> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> > >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> > >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> > >> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
9.539999962,
> > >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
9.539999962,
> > >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847,
7.159999847,
> > >> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
7.489999771,
> > >> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
7.489999771,
> > >> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
8.699999809,
> > >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
8.699999809,
> > >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
8.699999809,
> > >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
8.699999809,
> > >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924,
6.829999924,
> > >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
6.829999924,
> > >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042,
11.06000042,
> > >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
11.06000042,
> > >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
11.72999954,
> > >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
11.72999954,
> > >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
11.72999954,
> > >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771,
4.989999771,
> > >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
11.17000008,
> > >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
14.02000046,
> > >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
14.02000046,
> > >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
6.920000076,
> > >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
6.920000076,
> > >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
6.920000076,
> > >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
8.010000229,
> > >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
8.010000229,
> > >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
8.010000229,
> > >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
8.010000229,
> > >> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
11.19999981,
> > >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
11.19999981,
> > >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
13.57999992,
> > >> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886,
8.619999886,
> > >> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966,
14.60999966,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008,
12.42000008,
> > >> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008,
11.92000008,
> > >> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023,
14.26000023,
> > >> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
14.26000023,
> > >> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031,
13.93000031,
> > >> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038,
14.60000038,
> > >> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
14.59000015,
> > >> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031,
12.43000031,
> > >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
13.15999985,
> > >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
13.15999985,
> > >> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> > >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> > >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> > >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
12.11999989,
> > >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
2.170000076,
> > >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924,
7.829999924,
> > >> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
7.829999924,
> > >> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
13.98999977,
> > >> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
13.98999977,
> > >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
13.92000008,
> > >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
6.96999979,
> > >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
7.46999979,
> > >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
11.59000015,
> > >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
11.59000015,
> > >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
15.25,
> > >> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
2.329999924,
> > >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
2.329999924,
> > >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
2.329999924,
> > >> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12,
12,
> > >> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x =
c(0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
0L,
> > >> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year",
"y", "x"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
> > >> -722L))
> > >>      [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> > >> ______________________________________________
> > >> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and
more, see
> > >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> > >> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> > >> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible
code.
> > >> ---
> > >> This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
> > >> https://www.avg.com
> > >> .
> > > 
> > > -- 
> > > Michael
> > > http://www.dewey.myzen.co.uk/home.html
> > 
> > 
> >         [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> > 
> > ______________________________________________
> > R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> > PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
> > 
>

R help - Oct 2019 - Creating a before-and-after variable in R

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R