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Faradj Koliev

2019-Oct-03 12:35 UTC

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

Dear Michael Dewey, 

Thanks for reaching out about this. I trying again, now with plain text, and
hope it works.

Best, 
Faradj 



Dear R-users, 

I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year data covering
the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a certain policy)
affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country introduces that
policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.

What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be a negative
count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years after X=1.

For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in year 2000. The
treatment variable would look be like this:
 
country

year

x

treatment

USA

1982

0

-18

USA

1983

0

-17

USA

1984

0

-16

USA

1985

0

-15

USA

1986

0

-14

USA

1987

0

-13

USA

1988

0

-12

USA

1989

0

-11

USA

1990

0

-10

USA

1991

0

-9

USA

1992

0

-8

USA

1993

0

-7

USA

1994

0

-6

USA

1995

0

-5

USA

1996

0

-4

USA

1997

0

-3

USA

1998

0

-2

USA

1999

0

-1

USA

2000

1

0

USA

2001

0

1

USA

2002

0

2

USA

2003

0

3

USA

2004

0

4

USA

2005

0

5

USA

2006

0

6

USA

2007

0

7

USA

2008

0

8

USA

2009

0

9

USA

2010

0

10

USA

2011

0

11

USA

2012

0

12

USA

2013

0

13



Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions are
appreciated!


I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive counts using
this code:
require(data.table)
setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]

My sample below: 
dput(data)
structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 
375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 
375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L, 
220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 
220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 
220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L, 
481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 
481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 
481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 
367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 
367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L, 
570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 
570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 
570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 
359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 
359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 
565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 
565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L, 
235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 
235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 
235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 
317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 
317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 
369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 
369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 
1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 
1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 
1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 
1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 
1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 
1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 
2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 
2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 
1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 
1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 
2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 
1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 
1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 
2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 
2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 
1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 
1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 
1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 
1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 
1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 
2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 
2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 
1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 
2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 
1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 
1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 
2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 
2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 
1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 
1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 
1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 
1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924, 5.079999924, 
5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 
5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 
9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 
8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 
8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 
7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 
9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 
9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 
9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 
7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 
6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 
6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134, 
7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 
13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 
13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11, 
11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 
8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 
8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 
8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 
9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 
9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 
9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 
7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 
7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 
7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 
6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 
6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 
11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 
11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954, 
11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 
11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 
4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 
4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 
14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 
14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076, 
6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 
6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 
8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 
11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 
11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992, 
13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 
8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966, 
14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 
12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008, 
11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 
14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 
14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 
13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 
14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 
13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 
13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 
13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 
12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 
12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076, 
2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 
7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 
7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 
13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 
13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979, 
7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 
7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 
11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 
11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 
15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 2.329999924, 
2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 
2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 
2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12, 
12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year", "y",
"x"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-722L))



> 3 okt. 2019 kl. 14:24 skrev Michael Dewey <lists at
dewey.myzen.co.uk>:
> 
> Dear Faradj
> 
> I am afraid your post is unreadable since this is a plain text list and you
sent in HTML.
> 
> Michael
> 
> On 03/10/2019 12:17, Faradj Koliev wrote:
>> Dear R-users,
>> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year data
covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a certain
policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country introduces
that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
>> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be a
negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years after
X=1.
>> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in year
2000. The treatment variable would look be like this:
>>  country
>> year
>> x
>> treatment
>> USA
>> 1982
>> 0
>> -18
>> USA
>> 1983
>> 0
>> -17
>> USA
>> 1984
>> 0
>> -16
>> USA
>> 1985
>> 0
>> -15
>> USA
>> 1986
>> 0
>> -14
>> USA
>> 1987
>> 0
>> -13
>> USA
>> 1988
>> 0
>> -12
>> USA
>> 1989
>> 0
>> -11
>> USA
>> 1990
>> 0
>> -10
>> USA
>> 1991
>> 0
>> -9
>> USA
>> 1992
>> 0
>> -8
>> USA
>> 1993
>> 0
>> -7
>> USA
>> 1994
>> 0
>> -6
>> USA
>> 1995
>> 0
>> -5
>> USA
>> 1996
>> 0
>> -4
>> USA
>> 1997
>> 0
>> -3
>> USA
>> 1998
>> 0
>> -2
>> USA
>> 1999
>> 0
>> -1
>> USA
>> 2000
>> 1
>> 0
>> USA
>> 2001
>> 0
>> 1
>> USA
>> 2002
>> 0
>> 2
>> USA
>> 2003
>> 0
>> 3
>> USA
>> 2004
>> 0
>> 4
>> USA
>> 2005
>> 0
>> 5
>> USA
>> 2006
>> 0
>> 6
>> USA
>> 2007
>> 0
>> 7
>> USA
>> 2008
>> 0
>> 8
>> USA
>> 2009
>> 0
>> 9
>> USA
>> 2010
>> 0
>> 10
>> USA
>> 2011
>> 0
>> 11
>> USA
>> 2012
>> 0
>> 12
>> USA
>> 2013
>> 0
>> 13
>> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions are
appreciated!
>> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive
counts using this code:
>> require(data.table)
>> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
>> My sample below:
>> dput(data)
>> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
>> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
>> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
>> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
>> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
>> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
>> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
>> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
>> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
>> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
>> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
>> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
>> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
>> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
>> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
>> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
>> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
>> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
>> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
>> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
>> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L,
>> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
>> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
>> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L,
>> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
>> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
>> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
>> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
>> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L,
>> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
>> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
>> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
>> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
>> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
>> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
>> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
>> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
>> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
>> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
>> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
>> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
>> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L,
>> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
>> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
>> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
>> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
>> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
>> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
>> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
>> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
>> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
>> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
>> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
>> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
>> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
>> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
>> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
>> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
>> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
>> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
>> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
>> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
>> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
>> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
>> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
>> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
>> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
>> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
>> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
>> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
>> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
>> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
>> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
>> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
>> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
>> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
>> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
>> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
>> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
>> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
>> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
>> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
>> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
>> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
>> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
>> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
>> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
>> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
>> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
>> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
>> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
>> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
>> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
>> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
>> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
>> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
>> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
>> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
>> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
>> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
>> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
>> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
>> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
>> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
>> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
>> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
>> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
>> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
>> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
>> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
>> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
>> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
>> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
>> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
>> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
>> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
>> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
>> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
>> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
>> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
>> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
>> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
>> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
>> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
>> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
>> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
>> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
>> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
>> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
>> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
>> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
>> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
>> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
>> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
>> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
>> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
>> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L,
>> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
>> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
>> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
>> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
>> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
>> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
>> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
>> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
>> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
>> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924, 5.079999924,
>> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
>> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
>> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847,
>> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924,
>> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
>> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
>> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
>> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
>> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
>> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
>> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
>> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
>> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924,
>> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
>> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
>> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
>> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
>> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134,
>> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
>> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
>> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
>> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
>> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
>> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
>> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
>> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
>> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
>> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
>> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
>> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
>> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
>> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
>> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
>> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
>> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11,
>> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
>> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
>> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
>> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458,
>> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
>> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
>> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
>> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
>> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
>> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847,
>> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
>> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
>> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
>> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
>> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
>> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
>> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
>> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
>> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
>> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
>> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
>> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
>> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
>> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
>> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954,
>> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
>> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
>> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771,
>> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
>> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
>> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
>> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
>> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
>> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
>> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
>> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076,
>> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
>> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
>> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
>> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
>> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
>> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
>> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
>> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
>> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992,
>> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
>> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
>> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
>> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
>> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886,
>> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966,
>> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
>> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
>> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008,
>> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008,
>> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
>> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
>> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031,
>> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038,
>> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
>> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
>> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
>> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
>> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
>> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
>> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031,
>> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
>> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
>> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
>> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
>> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
>> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
>> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
>> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
>> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
>> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
>> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
>> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076,
>> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
>> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
>> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
>> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
>> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
>> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
>> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
>> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
>> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
>> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
>> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979,
>> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
>> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
>> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
>> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
>> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 2.329999924,
>> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
>> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
>> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12,
>> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
>> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year",
"y", "x"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
>> -722L))
>> 	[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>> ______________________________________________
>> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>> ---
>> This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
>> https://www.avg.com
>> .
> 
> -- 
> Michael
> http://www.dewey.myzen.co.uk/home.html

	[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

Eric Berger

2019-Oct-03 13:18 UTC

head link

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

Hi Faradj,
Suppose your data frame is labeled 'a'. Then the following seems to do
what
you want.

v <- rep(NA_integer_,max(a$country_code))
v[ a$country_code[a$x==1] ] <- a$year[a$x==1]
a$treatment <- sapply( 1:nrow(a), function(i) { a$year[i] -
v[a$country_code[i]]})

HTH,
Eric


On Thu, Oct 3, 2019 at 3:36 PM Faradj Koliev <faradj.g at gmail.com>
wrote:
> Dear Michael Dewey,
>
> Thanks for reaching out about this. I trying again, now with plain text,
> and hope it works.
>
> Best,
> Faradj
>
>
>
> Dear R-users,
>
> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year data
> covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a
> certain policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country
> introduces that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
>
> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be a
> negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years
> after X=1.
>
> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in year 2000.
> The treatment variable would look be like this:
>
> country
>
> year
>
> x
>
> treatment
>
> USA
>
> 1982
>
> 0
>
> -18
>
> USA
>
> 1983
>
> 0
>
> -17
>
> USA
>
> 1984
>
> 0
>
> -16
>
> USA
>
> 1985
>
> 0
>
> -15
>
> USA
>
> 1986
>
> 0
>
> -14
>
> USA
>
> 1987
>
> 0
>
> -13
>
> USA
>
> 1988
>
> 0
>
> -12
>
> USA
>
> 1989
>
> 0
>
> -11
>
> USA
>
> 1990
>
> 0
>
> -10
>
> USA
>
> 1991
>
> 0
>
> -9
>
> USA
>
> 1992
>
> 0
>
> -8
>
> USA
>
> 1993
>
> 0
>
> -7
>
> USA
>
> 1994
>
> 0
>
> -6
>
> USA
>
> 1995
>
> 0
>
> -5
>
> USA
>
> 1996
>
> 0
>
> -4
>
> USA
>
> 1997
>
> 0
>
> -3
>
> USA
>
> 1998
>
> 0
>
> -2
>
> USA
>
> 1999
>
> 0
>
> -1
>
> USA
>
> 2000
>
> 1
>
> 0
>
> USA
>
> 2001
>
> 0
>
> 1
>
> USA
>
> 2002
>
> 0
>
> 2
>
> USA
>
> 2003
>
> 0
>
> 3
>
> USA
>
> 2004
>
> 0
>
> 4
>
> USA
>
> 2005
>
> 0
>
> 5
>
> USA
>
> 2006
>
> 0
>
> 6
>
> USA
>
> 2007
>
> 0
>
> 7
>
> USA
>
> 2008
>
> 0
>
> 8
>
> USA
>
> 2009
>
> 0
>
> 9
>
> USA
>
> 2010
>
> 0
>
> 10
>
> USA
>
> 2011
>
> 0
>
> 11
>
> USA
>
> 2012
>
> 0
>
> 12
>
> USA
>
> 2013
>
> 0
>
> 13
>
>
>
> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions are
> appreciated!
>
>
> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive counts
> using this code:
> require(data.table)
> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
>
> My sample below:
> dput(data)
> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L,
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L,
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L,
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L,
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L,
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924, 5.079999924,
> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847,
> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924,
> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924,
> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134,
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11,
> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458,
> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847,
> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954,
> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771,
> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076,
> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992,
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886,
> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966,
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008,
> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008,
> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031,
> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038,
> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031,
> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076,
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979,
> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 2.329999924,
> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12,
> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year", "y",
"x"), class = "data.frame",
> row.names = c(NA,
> -722L))
>
>
>
>
> > 3 okt. 2019 kl. 14:24 skrev Michael Dewey <lists at
dewey.myzen.co.uk>:
> >
> > Dear Faradj
> >
> > I am afraid your post is unreadable since this is a plain text list
and
> you sent in HTML.
> >
> > Michael
> >
> > On 03/10/2019 12:17, Faradj Koliev wrote:
> >> Dear R-users,
> >> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year
data
> covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a
> certain policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country
> introduces that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> >> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be
a
> negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years
> after X=1.
> >> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in
year
> 2000. The treatment variable would look be like this:
> >>  country
> >> year
> >> x
> >> treatment
> >> USA
> >> 1982
> >> 0
> >> -18
> >> USA
> >> 1983
> >> 0
> >> -17
> >> USA
> >> 1984
> >> 0
> >> -16
> >> USA
> >> 1985
> >> 0
> >> -15
> >> USA
> >> 1986
> >> 0
> >> -14
> >> USA
> >> 1987
> >> 0
> >> -13
> >> USA
> >> 1988
> >> 0
> >> -12
> >> USA
> >> 1989
> >> 0
> >> -11
> >> USA
> >> 1990
> >> 0
> >> -10
> >> USA
> >> 1991
> >> 0
> >> -9
> >> USA
> >> 1992
> >> 0
> >> -8
> >> USA
> >> 1993
> >> 0
> >> -7
> >> USA
> >> 1994
> >> 0
> >> -6
> >> USA
> >> 1995
> >> 0
> >> -5
> >> USA
> >> 1996
> >> 0
> >> -4
> >> USA
> >> 1997
> >> 0
> >> -3
> >> USA
> >> 1998
> >> 0
> >> -2
> >> USA
> >> 1999
> >> 0
> >> -1
> >> USA
> >> 2000
> >> 1
> >> 0
> >> USA
> >> 2001
> >> 0
> >> 1
> >> USA
> >> 2002
> >> 0
> >> 2
> >> USA
> >> 2003
> >> 0
> >> 3
> >> USA
> >> 2004
> >> 0
> >> 4
> >> USA
> >> 2005
> >> 0
> >> 5
> >> USA
> >> 2006
> >> 0
> >> 6
> >> USA
> >> 2007
> >> 0
> >> 7
> >> USA
> >> 2008
> >> 0
> >> 8
> >> USA
> >> 2009
> >> 0
> >> 9
> >> USA
> >> 2010
> >> 0
> >> 10
> >> USA
> >> 2011
> >> 0
> >> 11
> >> USA
> >> 2012
> >> 0
> >> 12
> >> USA
> >> 2013
> >> 0
> >> 13
> >> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions
are
> appreciated!
> >> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive
> counts using this code:
> >> require(data.table)
> >> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> >> My sample below:
> >> dput(data)
> >> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> >> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
> >> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> >> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924,
5.079999924,
> >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847,
> >> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924,
> >> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> >> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924,
> >> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> >> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> >> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771,
6.489999771,
> >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
> >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11,
> >> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458,
> >> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847,
> >> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> >> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> >> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954,
> >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771,
> >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076,
> >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886,
> >> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008,
> >> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008,
> >> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> >> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> >> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031,
> >> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038,
> >> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031,
> >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> >> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> >> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> >> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979,
> >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
7.46999979,
> >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
> >> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12,
> >> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year",
"y", "x"), class > "data.frame", row.names =
c(NA,
> >> -722L))
> >>      [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> >> ______________________________________________
> >> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more,
see
> >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> >> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> >> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
> >> ---
> >> This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
> >> https://www.avg.com
> >> .
> >
> > --
> > Michael
> > http://www.dewey.myzen.co.uk/home.html
>
>
>         [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>
> ______________________________________________
> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>
>
	[[alternative HTML version deleted]]

Faradj Koliev

2019-Oct-03 13:54 UTC

head link

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

Dear Eric, 

Thank you very much for this - it worked perfectly! 

A small thing: I wonder whether it?s possible to include those cases where the x
is =0 for the whole study period. I have countries with x=0 for the whole period
and the treatment variable is=NA for these observations.

Best, 
Faradj 

> 3 okt. 2019 kl. 15:18 skrev Eric Berger <ericjberger at gmail.com>:
> 
> Hi Faradj,
> Suppose your data frame is labeled 'a'. Then the following seems to
do what you want.
> 
> v <- rep(NA_integer_,max(a$country_code))
> v[ a$country_code[a$x==1] ] <- a$year[a$x==1]
> a$treatment <- sapply( 1:nrow(a), function(i) { a$year[i] -
v[a$country_code[i]]})
> 
> HTH,
> Eric
> 
> 
> On Thu, Oct 3, 2019 at 3:36 PM Faradj Koliev <faradj.g at gmail.com>
wrote:
> Dear Michael Dewey, 
> 
> Thanks for reaching out about this. I trying again, now with plain text,
and hope it works.
> 
> Best, 
> Faradj 
> 
> 
> 
> Dear R-users, 
> 
> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year data
covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a certain
policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country introduces
that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> 
> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be a
negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years after
X=1.
> 
> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in year 2000.
The treatment variable would look be like this:
> 
> country
> 
> year
> 
> x
> 
> treatment
> 
> USA
> 
> 1982
> 
> 0
> 
> -18
> 
> USA
> 
> 1983
> 
> 0
> 
> -17
> 
> USA
> 
> 1984
> 
> 0
> 
> -16
> 
> USA
> 
> 1985
> 
> 0
> 
> -15
> 
> USA
> 
> 1986
> 
> 0
> 
> -14
> 
> USA
> 
> 1987
> 
> 0
> 
> -13
> 
> USA
> 
> 1988
> 
> 0
> 
> -12
> 
> USA
> 
> 1989
> 
> 0
> 
> -11
> 
> USA
> 
> 1990
> 
> 0
> 
> -10
> 
> USA
> 
> 1991
> 
> 0
> 
> -9
> 
> USA
> 
> 1992
> 
> 0
> 
> -8
> 
> USA
> 
> 1993
> 
> 0
> 
> -7
> 
> USA
> 
> 1994
> 
> 0
> 
> -6
> 
> USA
> 
> 1995
> 
> 0
> 
> -5
> 
> USA
> 
> 1996
> 
> 0
> 
> -4
> 
> USA
> 
> 1997
> 
> 0
> 
> -3
> 
> USA
> 
> 1998
> 
> 0
> 
> -2
> 
> USA
> 
> 1999
> 
> 0
> 
> -1
> 
> USA
> 
> 2000
> 
> 1
> 
> 0
> 
> USA
> 
> 2001
> 
> 0
> 
> 1
> 
> USA
> 
> 2002
> 
> 0
> 
> 2
> 
> USA
> 
> 2003
> 
> 0
> 
> 3
> 
> USA
> 
> 2004
> 
> 0
> 
> 4
> 
> USA
> 
> 2005
> 
> 0
> 
> 5
> 
> USA
> 
> 2006
> 
> 0
> 
> 6
> 
> USA
> 
> 2007
> 
> 0
> 
> 7
> 
> USA
> 
> 2008
> 
> 0
> 
> 8
> 
> USA
> 
> 2009
> 
> 0
> 
> 9
> 
> USA
> 
> 2010
> 
> 0
> 
> 10
> 
> USA
> 
> 2011
> 
> 0
> 
> 11
> 
> USA
> 
> 2012
> 
> 0
> 
> 12
> 
> USA
> 
> 2013
> 
> 0
> 
> 13
> 
> 
> 
> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions are
appreciated!
> 
> 
> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive counts
using this code:
> require(data.table)
> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> 
> My sample below: 
> dput(data)
> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 
> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 
> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 
> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 
> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 
> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 
> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L, 
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 
> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L, 
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 
> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 
> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 
> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L, 
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 
> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 
> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 
> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 
> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 
> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 
> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 
> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L, 
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 
> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 
> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 
> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 
> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 
> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 
> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 
> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 
> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 
> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 
> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 
> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 
> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 
> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 
> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 
> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 
> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 
> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 
> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 
> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 
> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 
> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 
> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 
> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 
> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 
> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 
> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 
> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 
> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 
> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 
> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 
> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 
> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 
> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 
> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 
> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 
> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 
> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 
> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 
> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 
> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 
> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 
> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 
> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 
> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 
> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 
> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 
> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 
> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 
> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 
> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 
> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 
> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 
> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 
> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 
> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 
> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924, 5.079999924, 
> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 
> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 
> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 
> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 
> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 
> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 
> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 
> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 
> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 
> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 
> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 
> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134, 
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 
> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 
> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 
> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 
> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11, 
> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 
> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 
> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 
> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 
> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 
> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 
> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 
> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 
> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 
> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 
> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 
> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 
> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 
> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954, 
> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 
> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 
> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 
> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 
> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 
> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 
> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076, 
> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 
> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 
> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 
> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 
> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 
> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 
> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 
> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008, 
> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 
> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 
> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 
> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 
> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 
> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 
> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 
> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 
> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 
> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 
> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 
> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 
> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 
> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 
> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 
> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 
> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 
> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979, 
> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 
> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 
> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 
> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 
> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 2.329999924, 
> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 
> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 
> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12, 
> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 
> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year", "y",
"x"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
> -722L))
> 
> 
> 
> 
> > 3 okt. 2019 kl. 14:24 skrev Michael Dewey <lists at
dewey.myzen.co.uk>:
> > 
> > Dear Faradj
> > 
> > I am afraid your post is unreadable since this is a plain text list
and you sent in HTML.
> > 
> > Michael
> > 
> > On 03/10/2019 12:17, Faradj Koliev wrote:
> >> Dear R-users,
> >> I need an urgent help with the following: I have a country-year
data covering the period 1982 - 2013. I want to assess how the variable X (a
certain policy) affects the Y variable. The X variable is =1 when a country
introduces that policy in a specific year, otherwise =0.
> >> What I want to do is to create a treatment variable, that would be
a negative count until the X=1, and then  positive counts  for the years after
X=1.
> >> For example, let?s say that the U.S. introduced the policy x in
year 2000. The treatment variable would look be like this:
> >>  country
> >> year
> >> x
> >> treatment
> >> USA
> >> 1982
> >> 0
> >> -18
> >> USA
> >> 1983
> >> 0
> >> -17
> >> USA
> >> 1984
> >> 0
> >> -16
> >> USA
> >> 1985
> >> 0
> >> -15
> >> USA
> >> 1986
> >> 0
> >> -14
> >> USA
> >> 1987
> >> 0
> >> -13
> >> USA
> >> 1988
> >> 0
> >> -12
> >> USA
> >> 1989
> >> 0
> >> -11
> >> USA
> >> 1990
> >> 0
> >> -10
> >> USA
> >> 1991
> >> 0
> >> -9
> >> USA
> >> 1992
> >> 0
> >> -8
> >> USA
> >> 1993
> >> 0
> >> -7
> >> USA
> >> 1994
> >> 0
> >> -6
> >> USA
> >> 1995
> >> 0
> >> -5
> >> USA
> >> 1996
> >> 0
> >> -4
> >> USA
> >> 1997
> >> 0
> >> -3
> >> USA
> >> 1998
> >> 0
> >> -2
> >> USA
> >> 1999
> >> 0
> >> -1
> >> USA
> >> 2000
> >> 1
> >> 0
> >> USA
> >> 2001
> >> 0
> >> 1
> >> USA
> >> 2002
> >> 0
> >> 2
> >> USA
> >> 2003
> >> 0
> >> 3
> >> USA
> >> 2004
> >> 0
> >> 4
> >> USA
> >> 2005
> >> 0
> >> 5
> >> USA
> >> 2006
> >> 0
> >> 6
> >> USA
> >> 2007
> >> 0
> >> 7
> >> USA
> >> 2008
> >> 0
> >> 8
> >> USA
> >> 2009
> >> 0
> >> 9
> >> USA
> >> 2010
> >> 0
> >> 10
> >> USA
> >> 2011
> >> 0
> >> 11
> >> USA
> >> 2012
> >> 0
> >> 12
> >> USA
> >> 2013
> >> 0
> >> 13
> >> Do you have any idea as how I can generate this? All suggestions
are appreciated!
> >> I?ve tried to create it but failed. I only could generate positive
counts using this code:
> >> require(data.table)
> >> setDT(data)[,treatment := seq.int(0,.N-1L), by = cumsum(x)-x]
> >> My sample below:
> >> dput(data)
> >> structure(list(country_code = c(900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L,
> >> 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 900L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L,
> >> 305L, 305L, 305L, 305L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L, 140L,
> >> 140L, 140L, 140L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L, 471L,
> >> 471L, 471L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L, 352L,
> >> 352L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L, 490L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L,
> >> 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 375L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L,
> >> 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 220L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L,
> >> 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 481L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L,
> >> 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 367L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L,
> >> 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 570L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L,
> >> 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 212L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L,
> >> 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 359L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L,
> >> 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 600L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L,
> >> 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 565L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L,
> >> 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 235L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L,
> >> 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 317L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L,
> >> 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 230L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L,
> >> 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 380L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L,
> >> 640L, 640L, 640L, 640L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L, 500L,
> >> 500L, 500L, 500L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L,
> >> 369L, 369L, 369L, 369L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L, 101L,
> >> 101L, 101L, 101L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L, 551L,
> >> 551L, 551L), year = c(1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> >> 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L,
> >> 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L,
> >> 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L,
> >> 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L,
> >> 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L,
> >> 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L,
> >> 2013L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L,
> >> 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L,
> >> 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L,
> >> 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L,
> >> 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L,
> >> 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L,
> >> 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L,
> >> 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L,
> >> 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L,
> >> 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L,
> >> 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L,
> >> 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L,
> >> 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L,
> >> 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L,
> >> 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L,
> >> 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L,
> >> 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1991L,
> >> 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L,
> >> 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L,
> >> 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L, 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L,
> >> 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L, 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L,
> >> 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L, 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L,
> >> 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L, 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L,
> >> 1982L, 1983L, 1984L, 1985L, 1986L, 1987L, 1988L, 1989L, 1990L,
> >> 1991L, 1992L, 1993L, 1994L, 1995L, 1996L, 1997L, 1998L, 1999L,
> >> 2000L, 2001L, 2002L, 2003L, 2004L, 2005L, 2006L, 2007L, 2008L,
> >> 2009L, 2010L, 2011L, 2012L, 2013L), y = c(5.079999924,
5.079999924,
> >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> >> 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924, 5.829999924,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.159999847,
> >> 8.159999847, 8.159999847, 8.079999924, 8.079999924, 8.079999924,
> >> 8.079999924, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> >> 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771, 7.989999771,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076, 9.170000076,
> >> 9.170000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 9.670000076,
> >> 9.670000076, 9.670000076, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924,
> >> 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 7.329999924, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> >> 4, 4, 3.670000076, 3.670000076, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
> >> 4, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 4.090000153, 6.489999771,
6.489999771,
> >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771,
> >> 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.489999771, 6.739999771, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134, 7.610000134,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 8.329999924,
> >> 8.329999924, 8.329999924, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 7.869999886,
> >> 7.869999886, 7.869999886, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008,
> >> 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 13.42000008, 8, 8, 11,
> >> 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11, 11,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076,
> >> 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 8.670000076, 9.770000458, 9.770000458,
> >> 9.770000458, 9.770000458, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958, 9.43999958,
9.43999958,
> >> 9.43999958, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962,
> >> 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 9.539999962, 7.159999847, 7.159999847,
> >> 7.159999847, 7.159999847, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> >> 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771, 7.489999771,
> >> 7.489999771, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809, 8.699999809,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924,
> >> 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 6.829999924, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042,
> >> 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.06000042, 11.72999954,
> >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> >> 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954, 11.72999954,
> >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 4.989999771,
> >> 4.989999771, 4.989999771, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 11.17000008,
> >> 11.17000008, 11.17000008, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046,
> >> 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 14.02000046, 6.920000076,
> >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> >> 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076, 6.920000076,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229, 8.010000229,
> >> 8.010000229, 10.96000004, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 11.19999981,
> >> 11.19999981, 11.19999981, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992, 13.57999992,
> >> 13.57999992, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886,
> >> 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 8.619999886, 14.60999966, 14.60999966,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008,
> >> 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 12.42000008, 11.92000008, 11.92000008,
> >> 11.92000008, 11.59000015, 11.31999969, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> >> 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023, 14.26000023,
> >> 14.26000023, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 13.93000031,
> >> 13.93000031, 13.93000031, 14.60000038, 14.60000038, 14.60000038,
> >> 14.60000038, 13.5, 13.5, 14.26000023, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015, 14.59000015,
> >> 14.59000015, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031, 12.43000031,
> >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> >> 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 13.15999985,
> >> 13.15999985, 13, 13, 13.15999985, 13.15999985, 12.82999992,
12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992, 12.82999992,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042,
8.31000042,
> >> 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 8.31000042, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989,
> >> 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 12.11999989, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076,
> >> 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 2.170000076, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> >> 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924, 7.829999924,
> >> 7.829999924, 14.23999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977, 13.98999977,
> >> 13.98999977, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008,
> >> 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 13.92000008, 6.96999979,
> >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 7.46999979,
7.46999979,
> >> 7.46999979, 7.46999979, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015,
> >> 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 11.59000015, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
> >> 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25, 15.25,
2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924, 2.329999924,
> >> 2.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 4.329999924, 12, 12, 12,
> >> 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12), x = c(0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 1L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L,
> >> 0L)), .Names = c("country_code", "year",
"y", "x"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
> >> -722L))
> >>      [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> >> ______________________________________________
> >> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more,
see
> >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> >> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> >> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
> >> ---
> >> This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
> >> https://www.avg.com
> >> .
> > 
> > -- 
> > Michael
> > http://www.dewey.myzen.co.uk/home.html
> 
> 
>         [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
> 
> ______________________________________________
> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>

R help - Oct 2019 - Creating a before-and-after variable in R

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R

[R] Creating a before-and-after variable in R