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David L Carlson

2017-Jun-01 19:22 UTC

[R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a generalized case

My error. Clearly I did not do enough testing.

z <- array(1:24,dim=2:4)> all.equal(f(z,1),f2(z,1))
[1] TRUE> all.equal(f(z,2),f2(z,2))
[1] TRUE> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))[1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference: 0.4444444
>"
[2] "Mean relative difference: 0.6109091"    

# Your earlier example> z <- array(1:120, dim=2:5)
> all.equal(f(z,1),f2(z,1))
[1] TRUE> all.equal(f(z,2),f2(z,2))
[1] TRUE> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))[1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference: 0.4444444
>"
[2] "Mean relative difference: 0.1262209"                             
> all.equal(f(z,4),f2(z,4))[1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference: 0.5714286
>"
[2] "Mean relative difference: 0.5855162"  

David C

-----Original Message-----
From: Bert Gunter [mailto:bgunter.4567 at gmail.com] 
Sent: Thursday, June 1, 2017 2:00 PM
To: David L Carlson <dcarlson at tamu.edu>
Cc: Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal <roy.mendelssohn at noaa.gov>; R-help
<r-help at r-project.org>
Subject: Re: [R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a generalized case

??
> z <- array(1:24,dim=2:4)
> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))
[1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference: 0.4444444
>"
[2] "Mean relative difference: 0.6109091"

In fact,
> dim(f(z,3))[1] 2 3 4
> dim(f2(z,3))[1] 3 4 2

Have I made some sort of stupid error here? Or have I misunderstood
what was wanted?

Cheers,
Bert




Bert Gunter

"The trouble with having an open mind is that people keep coming along
and sticking things into it."
-- Opus (aka Berkeley Breathed in his "Bloom County" comic strip )


On Thu, Jun 1, 2017 at 11:34 AM, David L Carlson <dcarlson at tamu.edu>
wrote:> Here is an alternative approach using apply(). Note that with apply() you
are reversing rows or columns not indices of rows or columns so apply(junk, 2,
rev) reverses the values in each column not the column indices. We actually need
to use rev() on everything but the index we are interested in reversing:
>
> f2 <- function(a, wh) {
>     dims <- seq_len(length(dim(a)))
>     dims <- setdiff(dims, wh)
>     apply(apply(a, dims, rev), dims, t)
> }
>
> # Your example
> j1 <- junk[ , rev(1:10), ]
> j2 <- f2(junk, 2)
> all.equal(j1, j2)
> # [1] TRUE
>
> # Bert's example
> z1 <- f(z, 2)
> z2 <- f2(z, 2)
> all.equal(z1, z2)
> # [1] TRUE
>
> -------------------------------------
> David L Carlson
> Department of Anthropology
> Texas A&M University
> College Station, TX 77840-4352
>
>
>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: R-help [mailto:r-help-bounces at r-project.org] On Behalf Of Bert
Gunter
> Sent: Thursday, June 1, 2017 12:46 PM
> To: Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal <roy.mendelssohn at noaa.gov>
> Cc: R-help <r-help at r-project.org>
> Subject: Re: [R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a generalized case
>
> How about this:
>
> f <- function(a,wh){ ## a is the array; wh is the index to be reversed
>    l<- lapply(dim(a),seq_len)
>    l[[wh]]<- rev(l[[wh]])
>    do.call(`[`,c(list(a),l))
> }
>
> ## test
> z <- array(1:120,dim=2:5)
>
> ##  I omit the printouts
>
> f(z,2)
>
> f(z,3)
>
>
> Cheers,
> Bert
>
> Bert Gunter
>
> "The trouble with having an open mind is that people keep coming along
> and sticking things into it."
> -- Opus (aka Berkeley Breathed in his "Bloom County" comic strip
)
>
>
> On Thu, Jun 1, 2017 at 9:51 AM, Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal
> <roy.mendelssohn at noaa.gov> wrote:
>> Hi All:
>>
>> I have been looking for an elegant way to do the following,  but
haven't found it,  I have never had a good understanding of any of the
"apply" functions.
>>
>> A simplified idea is I have an array, say:
>>
>> junk(5, 10, 3)
>>
>> where  (5, 10, 3) give the dimension sizes, and I want to reverse the
second dimension, so I could do:
>>
>> junk1 <- junk[, rev(seq_len(10), ]
>>
>> but what I am after is a general function that will do that where the
array could be two, three or four dimensions,  and I pass to the function which
dimension I want to reverse, that is the function can not assume the number of
dimensions of the array nor which dimension to reverse.
>>
>> For example,  if i try:
>>
>> junk1 <- apply(junk, 2, rev)
>>
>> junk1 comes out as two-dimensional,  not three-dimensional.
>>
>> It is probably something obvious but I am not getting it.
>>
>> Thanks for any help.
>>
>> -Roy
>>
>>
>> **********************
>> "The contents of this message do not reflect any position of the
U.S. Government or NOAA."
>> **********************
>> Roy Mendelssohn
>> Supervisory Operations Research Analyst
>> NOAA/NMFS
>> Environmental Research Division
>> Southwest Fisheries Science Center
>> ***Note new street address***
>> 110 McAllister Way
>> Santa Cruz, CA 95060
>> Phone: (831)-420-3666
>> Fax: (831) 420-3980
>> e-mail: Roy.Mendelssohn at noaa.gov www: http://www.pfeg.noaa.gov/
>>
>> "Old age and treachery will overcome youth and skill."
>> "From those who have been given much, much will be expected"
>> "the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward
justice" -MLK Jr.
>>
>> ______________________________________________
>> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>
> ______________________________________________
> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.

Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal

2017-Jun-01 19:42 UTC

head link

[R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a generalized case

Thanks to all for responses/.  There was a question of exactly what was wanted. 
It is the generalization of the obvious example I gave,
>>> junk1 <- junk[, rev(seq_len(10), ]

so that

junk[1,1,1 ] = junk1[1,10,1]
junk[1,2,1]  = junk1[1,9,1]

etc.

The genesis of this is the program is downloading data from a variety of sources
on (time, altitude, lat, lon) coordinates,  but all the coordinates are not
always there, and sometime the latitude coordinates go from north to south and
sometimes from south to north.  I want to always return the data going from
south to north, so if I find that the data is north to south,  I have to first
reverse the array with the coordinate values (easy enough),  and then reverse
the one dimension in the data array that corresponds to latitude. The downloaded
information tells me which dimension is latitude plus how many coordinates are
in the data.

As I the said,  I haven't done extensive testing on what Bert sent,  but on
a toy 3-dimensional example I have it appeared to do what I want.

Thanks again,

-Roy
> On Jun 1, 2017, at 12:22 PM, David L Carlson <dcarlson at tamu.edu>
wrote:
> 
> My error. Clearly I did not do enough testing.
> 
> z <- array(1:24,dim=2:4)
>> all.equal(f(z,1),f2(z,1))
> [1] TRUE
>> all.equal(f(z,2),f2(z,2))
> [1] TRUE
>> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))
> [1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference:
0.4444444 >"
> [2] "Mean relative difference: 0.6109091"    
> 
> # Your earlier example
>> z <- array(1:120, dim=2:5)
>> all.equal(f(z,1),f2(z,1))
> [1] TRUE
>> all.equal(f(z,2),f2(z,2))
> [1] TRUE
>> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))
> [1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference:
0.4444444 >"
> [2] "Mean relative difference: 0.1262209"
>> all.equal(f(z,4),f2(z,4))
> [1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference:
0.5714286 >"
> [2] "Mean relative difference: 0.5855162"  
> 
> David C
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bert Gunter [mailto:bgunter.4567 at gmail.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, June 1, 2017 2:00 PM
> To: David L Carlson <dcarlson at tamu.edu>
> Cc: Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal <roy.mendelssohn at noaa.gov>;
R-help <r-help at r-project.org>
> Subject: Re: [R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a generalized case
> 
> ??
> 
>> z <- array(1:24,dim=2:4)
>> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))
> 
> [1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference:
0.4444444 >"
> [2] "Mean relative difference: 0.6109091"
> 
> In fact,
> 
>> dim(f(z,3))
> [1] 2 3 4
> 
>> dim(f2(z,3))
> [1] 3 4 2
> 
> Have I made some sort of stupid error here? Or have I misunderstood
> what was wanted?
> 
> Cheers,
> Bert
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Bert Gunter
> 
> "The trouble with having an open mind is that people keep coming along
> and sticking things into it."
> -- Opus (aka Berkeley Breathed in his "Bloom County" comic strip
)
> 
> 
> On Thu, Jun 1, 2017 at 11:34 AM, David L Carlson <dcarlson at
tamu.edu> wrote:
>> Here is an alternative approach using apply(). Note that with apply()
you are reversing rows or columns not indices of rows or columns so apply(junk,
2, rev) reverses the values in each column not the column indices. We actually
need to use rev() on everything but the index we are interested in reversing:
>> 
>> f2 <- function(a, wh) {
>>    dims <- seq_len(length(dim(a)))
>>    dims <- setdiff(dims, wh)
>>    apply(apply(a, dims, rev), dims, t)
>> }
>> 
>> # Your example
>> j1 <- junk[ , rev(1:10), ]
>> j2 <- f2(junk, 2)
>> all.equal(j1, j2)
>> # [1] TRUE
>> 
>> # Bert's example
>> z1 <- f(z, 2)
>> z2 <- f2(z, 2)
>> all.equal(z1, z2)
>> # [1] TRUE
>> 
>> -------------------------------------
>> David L Carlson
>> Department of Anthropology
>> Texas A&M University
>> College Station, TX 77840-4352
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: R-help [mailto:r-help-bounces at r-project.org] On Behalf Of Bert
Gunter
>> Sent: Thursday, June 1, 2017 12:46 PM
>> To: Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal <roy.mendelssohn at noaa.gov>
>> Cc: R-help <r-help at r-project.org>
>> Subject: Re: [R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a generalized
case
>> 
>> How about this:
>> 
>> f <- function(a,wh){ ## a is the array; wh is the index to be
reversed
>>   l<- lapply(dim(a),seq_len)
>>   l[[wh]]<- rev(l[[wh]])
>>   do.call(`[`,c(list(a),l))
>> }
>> 
>> ## test
>> z <- array(1:120,dim=2:5)
>> 
>> ##  I omit the printouts
>> 
>> f(z,2)
>> 
>> f(z,3)
>> 
>> 
>> Cheers,
>> Bert
>> 
>> Bert Gunter
>> 
>> "The trouble with having an open mind is that people keep coming
along
>> and sticking things into it."
>> -- Opus (aka Berkeley Breathed in his "Bloom County" comic
strip )
>> 
>> 
>> On Thu, Jun 1, 2017 at 9:51 AM, Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal
>> <roy.mendelssohn at noaa.gov> wrote:
>>> Hi All:
>>> 
>>> I have been looking for an elegant way to do the following,  but
haven't found it,  I have never had a good understanding of any of the
"apply" functions.
>>> 
>>> A simplified idea is I have an array, say:
>>> 
>>> junk(5, 10, 3)
>>> 
>>> where  (5, 10, 3) give the dimension sizes, and I want to reverse
the second dimension, so I could do:
>>> 
>>> junk1 <- junk[, rev(seq_len(10), ]
>>> 
>>> but what I am after is a general function that will do that where
the array could be two, three or four dimensions,  and I pass to the function
which dimension I want to reverse, that is the function can not assume the
number of dimensions of the array nor which dimension to reverse.
>>> 
>>> For example,  if i try:
>>> 
>>> junk1 <- apply(junk, 2, rev)
>>> 
>>> junk1 comes out as two-dimensional,  not three-dimensional.
>>> 
>>> It is probably something obvious but I am not getting it.
>>> 
>>> Thanks for any help.
>>> 
>>> -Roy
>>> 
>>> 
>>> **********************
>>> "The contents of this message do not reflect any position of
the U.S. Government or NOAA."
>>> **********************
>>> Roy Mendelssohn
>>> Supervisory Operations Research Analyst
>>> NOAA/NMFS
>>> Environmental Research Division
>>> Southwest Fisheries Science Center
>>> ***Note new street address***
>>> 110 McAllister Way
>>> Santa Cruz, CA 95060
>>> Phone: (831)-420-3666
>>> Fax: (831) 420-3980
>>> e-mail: Roy.Mendelssohn at noaa.gov www: http://www.pfeg.noaa.gov/
>>> 
>>> "Old age and treachery will overcome youth and skill."
>>> "From those who have been given much, much will be
expected"
>>> "the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward
justice" -MLK Jr.
>>> 
>>> ______________________________________________
>>> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more,
see
>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>> 
>> ______________________________________________
>> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
**********************
"The contents of this message do not reflect any position of the U.S.
Government or NOAA."
**********************
Roy Mendelssohn
Supervisory Operations Research Analyst
NOAA/NMFS
Environmental Research Division
Southwest Fisheries Science Center
***Note new street address***
110 McAllister Way
Santa Cruz, CA 95060
Phone: (831)-420-3666
Fax: (831) 420-3980
e-mail: Roy.Mendelssohn at noaa.gov www: http://www.pfeg.noaa.gov/

"Old age and treachery will overcome youth and skill."
"From those who have been given much, much will be expected" 
"the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice"
-MLK Jr.

Ismail SEZEN

2017-Jun-01 20:35 UTC

head link

[R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a generalized case

> On 1 Jun 2017, at 22:42, Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal <roy.mendelssohn
at noaa.gov> wrote:
> 
> Thanks to all for responses/.  There was a question of exactly what was
wanted.  It is the generalization of the obvious example I gave,
> 
>>>> junk1 <- junk[, rev(seq_len(10), ]
> 
> 
> so that
> 
> junk[1,1,1 ] = junk1[1,10,1]
> junk[1,2,1]  = junk1[1,9,1]
> 
> etc.
> 
> The genesis of this is the program is downloading data from a variety of
sources on (time, altitude, lat, lon) coordinates,  but all the coordinates are
not always there, and sometime the latitude coordinates go from north to south
and sometimes from south to north.  I want to always return the data going from
south to north, so if I find that the data is north to south,  I have to first
reverse the array with the coordinate values (easy enough),  and then reverse
the one dimension in the data array that corresponds to latitude. The downloaded
information tells me which dimension is latitude plus how many coordinates are
in the data.
Hello Roy,
Perhaps you are aware of but I want to mention anyway. Basic issue is that you
always want latitudes are monotonously increasing. Let me tell what I do when I
read a ncdf file:

1- Set latitudes always monotonously decreasing (from 90 to -90)
2- Set longitudes always mononously increasing but from -180 to 180.
3- Set levels always monotonously decreasing (this is not relevant)

Why? If you plan to plot variables in R, you will need coordinates in this
order. For instance, if you set latitudes monotonously increasing, your map will
be plotted upside down. To fix this, you will need reverse dimension again. And
also if your longitudes ranges from 0 to 360, you will see the only the east
side of the plot on a world map. West of Greencwich will be empty.  They were
the problems that I faced last year when I tried to plot netcdf files using
lattice and rasterVis packages.

> 
> As I the said,  I haven't done extensive testing on what Bert sent, 
but on a toy 3-dimensional example I have it appeared to do what I want.
> 
> Thanks again,
> 
> -Roy
> 
>> On Jun 1, 2017, at 12:22 PM, David L Carlson <dcarlson at
tamu.edu> wrote:
>> 
>> My error. Clearly I did not do enough testing.
>> 
>> z <- array(1:24,dim=2:4)
>>> all.equal(f(z,1),f2(z,1))
>> [1] TRUE
>>> all.equal(f(z,2),f2(z,2))
>> [1] TRUE
>>> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))
>> [1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference:
0.4444444 >"
>> [2] "Mean relative difference: 0.6109091"    
>> 
>> # Your earlier example
>>> z <- array(1:120, dim=2:5)
>>> all.equal(f(z,1),f2(z,1))
>> [1] TRUE
>>> all.equal(f(z,2),f2(z,2))
>> [1] TRUE
>>> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))
>> [1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference:
0.4444444 >"
>> [2] "Mean relative difference: 0.1262209"
>>> all.equal(f(z,4),f2(z,4))
>> [1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference:
0.5714286 >"
>> [2] "Mean relative difference: 0.5855162"  
>> 
>> David C
>> 
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Bert Gunter [mailto:bgunter.4567 at gmail.com] 
>> Sent: Thursday, June 1, 2017 2:00 PM
>> To: David L Carlson <dcarlson at tamu.edu>
>> Cc: Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal <roy.mendelssohn at noaa.gov>;
R-help <r-help at r-project.org>
>> Subject: Re: [R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a generalized
case
>> 
>> ??
>> 
>>> z <- array(1:24,dim=2:4)
>>> all.equal(f(z,3),f2(z,3))
>> 
>> [1] "Attributes: < Component ?dim?: Mean relative difference:
0.4444444 >"
>> [2] "Mean relative difference: 0.6109091"
>> 
>> In fact,
>> 
>>> dim(f(z,3))
>> [1] 2 3 4
>> 
>>> dim(f2(z,3))
>> [1] 3 4 2
>> 
>> Have I made some sort of stupid error here? Or have I misunderstood
>> what was wanted?
>> 
>> Cheers,
>> Bert
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> Bert Gunter
>> 
>> "The trouble with having an open mind is that people keep coming
along
>> and sticking things into it."
>> -- Opus (aka Berkeley Breathed in his "Bloom County" comic
strip )
>> 
>> 
>> On Thu, Jun 1, 2017 at 11:34 AM, David L Carlson <dcarlson at
tamu.edu> wrote:
>>> Here is an alternative approach using apply(). Note that with
apply() you are reversing rows or columns not indices of rows or columns so
apply(junk, 2, rev) reverses the values in each column not the column indices.
We actually need to use rev() on everything but the index we are interested in
reversing:
>>> 
>>> f2 <- function(a, wh) {
>>>   dims <- seq_len(length(dim(a)))
>>>   dims <- setdiff(dims, wh)
>>>   apply(apply(a, dims, rev), dims, t)
>>> }
>>> 
>>> # Your example
>>> j1 <- junk[ , rev(1:10), ]
>>> j2 <- f2(junk, 2)
>>> all.equal(j1, j2)
>>> # [1] TRUE
>>> 
>>> # Bert's example
>>> z1 <- f(z, 2)
>>> z2 <- f2(z, 2)
>>> all.equal(z1, z2)
>>> # [1] TRUE
>>> 
>>> -------------------------------------
>>> David L Carlson
>>> Department of Anthropology
>>> Texas A&M University
>>> College Station, TX 77840-4352
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> -----Original Message-----
>>> From: R-help [mailto:r-help-bounces at r-project.org] On Behalf Of
Bert Gunter
>>> Sent: Thursday, June 1, 2017 12:46 PM
>>> To: Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal <roy.mendelssohn at
noaa.gov>
>>> Cc: R-help <r-help at r-project.org>
>>> Subject: Re: [R] Reversing one dimension of an array, in a
generalized case
>>> 
>>> How about this:
>>> 
>>> f <- function(a,wh){ ## a is the array; wh is the index to be
reversed
>>>  l<- lapply(dim(a),seq_len)
>>>  l[[wh]]<- rev(l[[wh]])
>>>  do.call(`[`,c(list(a),l))
>>> }
>>> 
>>> ## test
>>> z <- array(1:120,dim=2:5)
>>> 
>>> ##  I omit the printouts
>>> 
>>> f(z,2)
>>> 
>>> f(z,3)
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Cheers,
>>> Bert
>>> 
>>> Bert Gunter
>>> 
>>> "The trouble with having an open mind is that people keep
coming along
>>> and sticking things into it."
>>> -- Opus (aka Berkeley Breathed in his "Bloom County"
comic strip )
>>> 
>>> 
>>> On Thu, Jun 1, 2017 at 9:51 AM, Roy Mendelssohn - NOAA Federal
>>> <roy.mendelssohn at noaa.gov> wrote:
>>>> Hi All:
>>>> 
>>>> I have been looking for an elegant way to do the following, 
but haven't found it,  I have never had a good understanding of any of the
"apply" functions.
>>>> 
>>>> A simplified idea is I have an array, say:
>>>> 
>>>> junk(5, 10, 3)
>>>> 
>>>> where  (5, 10, 3) give the dimension sizes, and I want to
reverse the second dimension, so I could do:
>>>> 
>>>> junk1 <- junk[, rev(seq_len(10), ]
>>>> 
>>>> but what I am after is a general function that will do that
where the array could be two, three or four dimensions,  and I pass to the
function which dimension I want to reverse, that is the function can not assume
the number of dimensions of the array nor which dimension to reverse.
>>>> 
>>>> For example,  if i try:
>>>> 
>>>> junk1 <- apply(junk, 2, rev)
>>>> 
>>>> junk1 comes out as two-dimensional,  not three-dimensional.
>>>> 
>>>> It is probably something obvious but I am not getting it.
>>>> 
>>>> Thanks for any help.
>>>> 
>>>> -Roy
>>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> **********************
>>>> "The contents of this message do not reflect any position
of the U.S. Government or NOAA."
>>>> **********************
>>>> Roy Mendelssohn
>>>> Supervisory Operations Research Analyst
>>>> NOAA/NMFS
>>>> Environmental Research Division
>>>> Southwest Fisheries Science Center
>>>> ***Note new street address***
>>>> 110 McAllister Way
>>>> Santa Cruz, CA 95060
>>>> Phone: (831)-420-3666
>>>> Fax: (831) 420-3980
>>>> e-mail: Roy.Mendelssohn at noaa.gov www:
http://www.pfeg.noaa.gov/
>>>> 
>>>> "Old age and treachery will overcome youth and
skill."
>>>> "From those who have been given much, much will be
expected"
>>>> "the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends
toward justice" -MLK Jr.
>>>> 
>>>> ______________________________________________
>>>> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and
more, see
>>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>>>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>>>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible
code.
>>> 
>>> ______________________________________________
>>> R-help at r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more,
see
>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
> 
> **********************
> "The contents of this message do not reflect any position of the U.S.
Government or NOAA."
> **********************
> Roy Mendelssohn
> Supervisory Operations Research Analyst
> NOAA/NMFS
> Environmental Research Division
> Southwest Fisheries Science Center
> ***Note new street address***
> 110 McAllister Way
> Santa Cruz, CA 95060
> Phone: (831)-420-3666
> Fax: (831) 420-3980
> e-mail: Roy.Mendelssohn at noaa.gov <mailto:Roy.Mendelssohn at
noaa.gov> www: http://www.pfeg.noaa.gov/ <http://www.pfeg.noaa.gov/>
> 
> "Old age and treachery will overcome youth and skill."
> "From those who have been given much, much will be expected" 
> "the arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward
justice" -MLK Jr.
> 
> ______________________________________________
> R-help at r-project.org <mailto:R-help at r-project.org> mailing list
-- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
<https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help>
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
<http://www.r-project.org/posting-guide.html>
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.

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